Evaluation of egg production after adoption of biosecurity strategies by backyard poultry farmers in West Bengal.

AIM: On the basis of identified source of major bacterial infections at four agro-climatic zones in West Bengal the cost-effective biosecurity strategy was formulated for backyard poultry farmers. The aim of the present study was to assess the adoption. So, the study was aimed to detect the adoption level of the formulated biosecurity strategy to mitigate the Salmonella and Escherichia coliweek post-hatch period chicks were contamination level in the sources and its correlation with egg production in West Bengal. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A questionnaire was prepared querying regarding the biosecurity measures presently followed by the farmers, if any and egg production of their birds. Subsequent to the interview the formulated biosecurity strategy was conveyed. After 3 months, the interview with the same questionnaire was conducted to the same farmers to detect their adoption level. RESULTS: The change in practices were noted in certain parameters which differs significantly (p<0.01 or p<0.05). As a consequence, the average egg production/flock was increased in 3 months after adoption of the strategy (618.2±37.77/flock) in comparison to last 3 months average before adoption of the strategy (495.3±30.00/flock) which also differs significantly (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: The present study detected the implementation of the biosecurity strategy in backyard poultry farming in West Bengal can substantially benefit the farmers in terms of increased egg production.

Influence of stabilizers on quality of sandesh from buffalo milk.

Buffalo milk standardized to solids-not-fat (SNF) to fat ratio of 1.4 was added separately with 0.1% (w/w) each of carrageenan, sodium alginate and carboxymethyl cellulose and then heated, cooled and coagulated to obtain chhana which was converted into sandesh by adding 1.5% (w/w) wheat flour and 25% (w/w) cane sugar followed by heating (40 min/kg chhana). The treated samples of sandesh were compared with control prepared similarly manner but without stabilizer. Addition of stabilizer decreased hardness, fracturability, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, gumminess and chewiness of sandesh and improved sensory body and texture, colour and appearance as well as overall acceptability of the product when compared with control. Textural and sensory properties of different samples of sandesh indicated that the product made by adding carrageenan proved best. Carrageenan at 0.1% produced better results in terms of textural and sensory profile of sandesh as compared to 0, 0.075 and 0.125% (w/w) of carrageenan.

Year of leprosy control a short analytical study in a colony hospital at West Delhi.

The study was conducted from the patients attending mainly the Medical OPD revealed some fascinating facets. 56.66 % of patients were migrants settled in Delhi from endemic zones, rest of the patients were indigenous. Influx of migrants seemed likely to be risk factors to infection in a densely populated city like Delhi.43.33 % of patients harboured the disease for more then 2 years before initiation of treatment. It denotes the pathetic attitude of the patients. Relapse in 6.66 of case within I year of ALT in PB cases requires review as there is no justification in difference of treatment schedule for PB and MB cases. Chaulmoogra oil dressing in trophic ulcers was found to be very useful and may be extensively tried.

Utility of semithin sections in the diagnosis of donovanosis.

The relative merits of tissue smears, paraffin sections and semithin plastic embedded sections in the diagnosis of donovanosis were assessed. In three cases reported negative or doubtful for the organisms by the former two methods, semithin plastic sections provided definite diagnosis. The latter method revealed in addition the organisms in epidermis and perivascular locations. From amongst the three stains: toluidine blue, Leishman's and thionine azure II basic fuchsin, the last mentioned was found to be the method of choice for demonstrating the organisms differently from the host cells.

A Study of Behavioural Aspects of Sexually Transmitted Diseases.

Some of the behaaoural aspects of 227 randomly selected male,patients attending the STD ClWc of Safung Hospitak New were The majority were below thirty years of age and poorly educated. Two thirds -of the patients were teetotalers .37.4% study group were pronuscuous and 353% of the group were repwcrs' A high of pre-marital sex was noted. 352% of the stated their spouse to be the cause of the StD. 11.9% of the study group admittc to homosexuality. Professional women (prostitutes and call girls) were the source of the majority of infections-. There was a statistically significant relationship between consumption of alcohol and promiscuity. Now of the major STDS. was significantly Mort frequently acquired from any particular source. NSU however was more frequent amongthchom . Such studies should be conducted from time to time to understand and evaluate the trend of permissiveness in the society.

A Clinico-epidemilogical Study of Gental Warts.

The epidemiological and clinical, characteristics of 109 patients (94 then and 15 women) with gental warts were studied at the STD Training and Denimonstration Centre, Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi. Genital warts is a disease of young adults and correlates with sexual maturity. The majority of patients were poor socio-economically, non-promiscuous and not addicted to alcohool. Most of the with the disease, were single and the women . married, reflecting the differing sources of acquisition of the disease. Homosexuality played a significant role in the acquisition of perianal warts in males. The mean incubation period. Warts were more numerous in women.. Long foreskins, by presenting a more moist environment probably preispose to the acquisition and propagation of warts. Personal hygiene soon after coitus did not seem significant, in the prevention of warts Cutaneous warts were associated in 8% of the cases. Concomitant sexually transmitted infections were present in 38.5% of the patients. Genital warts showed a preferential distribution at sites frequently subjected to the trauma of coitus.

A Profile Gonococcal Uretheritis in Male.

A study of 125 uncomplicated urethritis in males were selected at and analysed from different angles in view the changing facets of gonococcal infection and its impact at the present time.

Default Among Patients with Gonorrhoea-the Role of Health Education.

Factors relating to default among 100 health educated and 63 uneducated patients with gonorrhoea were studied. Default was not significantly associated with age, marital status or level of education. Repeaters were not particularly more prone to default than non-repeaters. Health education did not significantly influence default. Default was significantly low (p.001) among a small group of patients with concomitant diseases detected at the initial or follow - up visits. A high incidence of trichomoniasis (14.5%) in the present study detected in the follow-up period emphasizes the need for thorough clinical and laboratory examination at each follow up visit.

Applicability of Ridley-Jopling scale in clinical practice.

27 cases (90%) out of 30 cases studied could be graded clinically exact points of the scale. Out of the rest of 3 cases (10%); 2 cases (6.6%) required in between points of the scale. 20 cases (66.66%) out of the 30 cases studied histologically could be graded at exact points of the scale. 3 cases (10%) required further histological subgrading. Final clinico-histopathological clubbing was possible in 66.66% of cases. Disparity was observed at BT and BL points and cent percent parity was obtained at polar ends. Patients presenting with macular or early infiltrative lesions at BT and BL points showed an indeterminate histology.