High-throughput detection and dietary exposure risk assessment of 44 mycotoxins in Mango, Litchi, Longan, and their products in South China.

Mycotoxins exposure from food can trigger serious health hazards. This study aimed to establish an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous detection of 44 mycotoxins in fruits and their products, followed by dietary exposure risk assessment. The optimized UPLC-MS/MS method exhibited a good linear relationship with correlation coefficients ≥ 0.99041. The limits of detection (LOD) and the limits of quantification (LOQ) were within the range of 0.003 âˆ¼ 0.700 µg/kg and 0.01 âˆ¼ 2.00 µg/kg, respectively. The three fruits and their corresponding value-added products, with a total sampling size of 42, were subjected to analysis and detected with mycotoxins. Further dietary exposure risk assessment revealed that the hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI) of mycotoxins were 1.213 âˆ¼ 60.032 % and 5.573 âˆ¼ 93.750 %, indicating a low risk for Chinese consumers. However, we still need be cautious about 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol (15-ADON), as it had 78.6 % occurrence among all samples. This work provides an accurate analysis strategy for 44 mycotoxins and contributes to mycotoxins supervision.

Genomic analysis of low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma to identify key drivers and therapeutic vulnerabilities.

Low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (LGSOC) is associated with a poor response to existing chemotherapy, highlighting the need to perform comprehensive genomic analysis and identify new therapeutic vulnerabilities. The data presented here represent the largest genetic study of LGSOCs to date (n = 71), analysing 127 candidate genes derived from whole exome sequencing cohorts to generate mutation and copy-number variation data. Additionally, immunohistochemistry was performed on our LGSOC cohort assessing oestrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, TP53, and CDKN2A status. Targeted sequencing identified 47% of cases with mutations in key RAS/RAF pathway genes (KRAS, BRAF, and NRAS), as well as mutations in putative novel driver genes including USP9X (27%), MACF1 (11%), ARID1A (9%), NF2 (4%), DOT1L (6%), and ASH1L (4%). Immunohistochemistry evaluation revealed frequent oestrogen/progesterone receptor positivity (85%), along with CDKN2A protein loss (10%) and CDKN2A protein overexpression (6%), which were linked to shorter disease outcomes. Indeed, 90% of LGSOC samples harboured at least one potentially actionable alteration, which in 19/71 (27%) cases were predictive of clinical benefit from a standard treatment, either in another cancer's indication or in LGSOC specifically. In addition, we validated ubiquitin-specific protease 9X (USP9X), which is a chromosome X-linked substrate-specific deubiquitinase and tumour suppressor, as a relevant therapeutic target for LGSOC. Our comprehensive genomic study highlighted that there is an addiction to a limited number of unique 'driver' aberrations that could be translated into improved therapeutic paths. © 2020 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Topology Optimization of Metal and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) Laminated Battery-Hanging Structure.

This study addressed the topology optimization of a carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) laminated battery-hanging structure of an electric vehicle. To accommodate parameterization for thickness and orientation of CFRP materials, the discrete material and thickness optimization (DMTO) technique was adopted. To include metal material as a reinforcement structure into the optimization simultaneously, the DMTO technique was extended here to achieve concurrent optimization of CFRP thickness topology, CFRP orientation selection and the topology of the metal reinforcement plate. Manufacturing constraints were applied, including suppressing intermediate void across the thickness direction of the laminate, contiguity constraint and the symmetrical layers. Sensitivities of the objective function were derived with respect to design variables. To calculate analytical sensitivities, finite element analysis was conducted and strain vectors were exported from a commercial software (ABAQUS) into a mathematical analysis tool (MATLAB). The design objective was to minimize the local displacement subject to the constraints of manufacturing and mass fraction. The mechanical performance of the optimized CFRP structure was compared with the original steel structure. To validate the optimization results, a prototype of the CFRP battery-hanging structure was fabricated and experimental testing was conducted. The results show that the total mass of the CFRP battery-hanging structure was reduced by 34.3% when compared with the steel one, while the mechanical property was improved by 25.3%.