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BACKGROUND: In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, educational institutions had to swiftly adapt and transition to remote teaching in order to maintain academic activities. However, these changes presented a number of challenges for professors, which could have negative effects on their health. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between changes in dietary and sleep habits, physical activity level, and sedentary behavior with the development of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among Brazilian higher education professors during the pandemic period. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional and retrospective study conducted using an online form. Generalized linear models, adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index, were used to verify the difference between pre-pandemic and pandemic periods. Logistic regression models were used to predict the odds ratio (OR) for the development of NCDs according to physical activity time, sedentary behavior time, dietary and sleep patterns. RESULTS: A total of 936 professors residing across Brazil participated in the survey. The duration of sedentary behavior increased, sleep duration slightly decreased, and meal times shifted to earlier during the pandemic. A total of 22.9%of the participants reported the diagnosis of some NCDs during this period. Physical activity practice was associated with a lower risk of diseases during the pandemic, regardless of the intensity performed. On the other hand, late eating habits and excessive food consumption during the pandemic were associated with a higher risk. CONCLUSION: The results provide data that can help in the development of public policies that promote health actions to minimize the consequences associated with the pandemic period.
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ABSTRACT This study aimed to identify changes in physical activity, sitting time, and binge eating disorder in Brazilian women during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional and retrospective study was conducted online on 150 Brazilian women adults. The prevalence of binge eating and physically inactive women increased during the COVID-19 pandemic (p = < 0.001 and p = 0.01, respectively). Binge eating was associated with insufficient physical activity before (p = 0.01) and during the pandemic (p = 0.05). The physical activity time and sitting time showed no differences after adjustment for possible confounders (p > 0.05). In conclusion, the pandemic affected Brazilian women's lifestyle and eating behavior.
RESUMO Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar mudanças na atividade física, tempo sentado e transtorno da compulsão alimentar periódica em mulheres brasileiras durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Foi realizado um estudo transversal e retrospectivo por meio de um formulário on-line em 150 mulheres adultas brasileiras. A prevalência de compulsão alimentar e de mulheres fisicamente inativas aumentou durante a pandemia de COVID-19 (p = < 0,001 e p = 0,01, respectivamente). A compulsão alimentar foi associada à atividade física insuficiente antes (p = 0,01) e durante a pandemia (p = 0,05). O tempo de atividade física e o tempo sentado não apresentaram diferenças após ajuste para possíveis fatores de confusão (p > 0,05). Em conclusão, a pandemia afetou o estilo de vida e o comportamento alimentar das mulheres brasileiras.
RESUMEN El objetivo del estudio fue identificar cambios los cambios en la actividad física, el tiempo sentado y el trastorno por atracón en mujeres brasileñas durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Es un estudio transversal y retrospectivo que evaluó, a través de un formulario en línea en 150 mujeres brasileñas adultas. La prevalencia de atracones y de mujeres físicamente inactivas aumentó durante la pandemia de COVID-19 (p = < 0,001 y p = 0,01, respectivamente). Los atracones se asociaron con actividad física insuficiente antes (p = 0,01) y durante la pandemia (p = 0,05). El tiempo de actividad física y el tiempo sentado no difirieron después del ajuste por posibles factores de confusión (p > 0,05). En conclusión, la pandemia afectó el estilo de vida y el comportamiento alimentario de las mujeres brasileñas.
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Purpose: To compare changes in physical activity level (PAL), sitting time (ST), and binge eating disorder (BED) in overweight/obese adults vs. those normal weight during social distancing caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional and retrospective study was carried out with adults of both sexes, aged 18-60 years, which assessed, through an online form, the PAL, ST, and BED pre (PSD) and during social distancing (DSD) caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The PAL and ST were assessed by the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and the assessment of BED by the Binge Eating Scale. Results: 323 responses were included in the analysis (194 normal weight and 129 overweight/obese). There was a decrease in PAL and an increase in the prevalence of BED in both groups; nevertheless, the overweight/obese group had a 62% chance of presenting lower PALs than normal-weight individuals (OR = 1.62; 95% CI 1.03-2.55) and showed a lower total weekly physical activity time during the pandemic (adjusted p = 0.05). In addition, overweight individuals were more likely to binge eat before (OR = 4.21; 95% CI 2.10-8.45) and during the pandemic (OR = 4.24; 95% CI 2.54-7.06) and showed a higher prevalence during social distancing. Conclusion: The social distancing caused by the COVID-19 pandemic changed exercise behaviors and increased the prevalence of binge eating in the general population. However, overweight/obese participants engaged in less total weekly physical activity and showed a higher prevalence of binge eating before and during social distancing. Level of evidence: Level III; analytical observational cohort study.
