Abrir las puertas de la UCI. Una necesidad inexcusable / Open de doors on the ICU. An unavoidable necessity

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Política de visitas, diseño y confortabilidad en las unidades de cuidados intensivos españolas / Visitation policy, design and comfort in Spanish intensive care units

Objetivo. Conocer el diseño y confortabilidad de las unidades de cuidados intensivos (UCI). Analizar el horario de visitas, la información y la participación familiar en los cuidados del paciente. Diseño. Estudio multicéntrico, descriptivo. Ámbito. Unidades de cuidados intensivos de España. Método. Cuestionario enviado por correo electrónico a los socios de la Sociedad Española de Medicina Intensiva, Crítica y Unidades Coronarias (SEMICYUC), suscriptores de la Revista Electrónica de Medicina Intensiva y difundido por el blog Proyecto HU-CI. Resultados. Se analizaron 135 encuestas pertenecientes a 131 hospitales. Horario de visitas: 3,8% tienen horario abierto 24 h, 9,8% horario abierto diurno y 67,7% tienen 2 visitas/día. Información: la realiza solamente el médico en el 75,2%, médico y enfermera juntos 4,5% con una frecuencia de una vez/día en el 79,7%. Los fines de semana se informa en el 95,5%. Información telefónica 74,4%. Participación familiar en los cuidados del paciente: higiene 11%, administración de comida 80,5% y fisioterapia 17%. Objetos personales permitidos: teléfono móvil 41%, ordenador 55%, equipo de música 77%, televisión 30%. Arquitectura y confortabilidad: todos los boxes individuales 60,2%, luz natural 54,9%, televisión 7,5%, música ambiental 12%, reloj en el box 15,8%, medidor de ruido ambiental 3,8% y sala de espera cercana a UCI 68,4%. Conclusiones. La política de visitas es restrictiva, predominando una cultura de UCI cerrada. Generalmente no se permiten medios de comunicación tecnológicos. Hay poca incorporación de la familia en los cuidados del paciente. El diseño de la UCI no garantiza la privacidad ni proporciona la confortabilidad deseable (AU)

Objective. To determine the design and comfort in the Intensive Care Units (ICUs), by analysing visiting hours, information, and family participation in patient care. Design. Descriptive, multicentre study. Setting. Spanish ICUs. Methods. A questionnaire e-mailed to members of the Spanish Society of Intensive Care Medicine, Critical and Coronary Units (SEMICYUC), subscribers of the Electronic Journal Intensive Care Medicine, and disseminated through the blog Proyecto HU-CI. Results. A total of 135 questionnaires from 131 hospitals were analysed. Visiting hours: 3.8% open 24 h, 9.8% open daytime, and 67.7% have 2 visits a day. Information: given only by the doctor in 75.2% of the cases, doctor and nurse together in 4.5%, with a frequency of once a day in 79.7%. During weekends, information is given in 95.5% of the cases. Information given over the phone 74.4%. Family participation in patient care: hygiene 11%, feeding 80.5%, physiotherapy 17%. Personal objects allowed: mobile phone 41%, computer 55%, sound system 77%, and television 30%. Architecture and comfort: all individual cubicles 60.2%, natural light 54.9%, television 7.5%, ambient music 12%, clock in the cubicle 15.8%, environmental noise meter 3.8%, and a waiting room near the ICU 68.4%. Conclusions. Visiting policy is restrictive, with a closed ICU being the predominating culture. On average, technological communication devices are not allowed. Family participation in patient care is low. The ICU design does not guarantee privacy or provide a desirable level of comfort (AU)

[Visitation policy, design and comfort in Spanish intensive care units]. / Política de visitas, diseño y confortabilidad en las unidades de cuidados intensivos españolas.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the design and comfort in the Intensive Care Units (ICUs), by analysing visiting hours, information, and family participation in patient care. DESIGN: Descriptive, multicentre study. SETTING: Spanish ICUs. METHODS: A questionnaire e-mailed to members of the Spanish Society of Intensive Care Medicine, Critical and Coronary Units (SEMICYUC), subscribers of the Electronic Journal Intensive Care Medicine, and disseminated through the blog Proyecto HU-CI. RESULTS: A total of 135 questionnaires from 131 hospitals were analysed. Visiting hours: 3.8% open 24h, 9.8% open daytime, and 67.7% have 2 visits a day. Information: given only by the doctor in 75.2% of the cases, doctor and nurse together in 4.5%, with a frequency of once a day in 79.7%. During weekends, information is given in 95.5% of the cases. Information given over the phone 74.4%. Family participation in patient care: hygiene 11%, feeding 80.5%, physiotherapy 17%. Personal objects allowed: mobile phone 41%, computer 55%, sound system 77%, and television 30%. Architecture and comfort: all individual cubicles 60.2%, natural light 54.9%, television 7.5%, ambient music 12%, clock in the cubicle 15.8%, environmental noise meter 3.8%, and a waiting room near the ICU 68.4%. CONCLUSIONS: Visiting policy is restrictive, with a closed ICU being the predominating culture. On average, technological communication devices are not allowed. Family participation in patient care is low. The ICU design does not guarantee privacy or provide a desirable level of comfort.