Estimación del riesgo de cáncer de pulmón en mujeres que participan en un programa de cribado poblacional de cáncer de mama / Estimation of the Risk of Lung Cancer in Women Participating in a Population-Based Breast Cancer Screening Program

INTRODUCCIÓN: La mortalidad por cáncer de pulmón está aumentando en mujeres. Se ha proyectado que en España pueda superar a la mortalidad por cáncer de mama, la principal causa de mortalidad por cáncer en mujeres, en pocos años. El objetivo de este estudio es estimar la proporción de mujeres que presentan alto riesgo de desarrollar cáncer de pulmón en un grupo de participantes en un cribado poblacional de cáncer de mama. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal de una muestra de mujeres que participaron en un cribado poblacional de cáncer de mama en el año 2016 en Hospitalet de Llobregat (n = 1.601). El riesgo elevado de cáncer de pulmón se definió según los criterios del National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) y del Dutch-Belgian randomised lung cancer screening trial (NELSON). RESULTADOS: Alrededor de un 20% y un 40% de fumadoras según los criterios NLST y NELSON, respectivamente, y alrededor de un 20% de exfumadoras según ambos criterios, presentan un alto riesgo de desarrollar cáncer de pulmón. Se observa una tendencia positiva, estadísticamente significativa, entre la proporción de mujeres que presentan alto riesgo y la dependencia a la nicotina medida por el test de Fagerström breve. CONCLUSIÓN: Una alta proporción de participantes en este cribado de cáncer de mama presenta un riesgo elevado de desarrollar cáncer de pulmón y sería elegible para participar en un programa de cribado de cáncer de pulmón. Los cribados poblacionales de cáncer de mama pueden ser útiles para implementar estrategias de prevención primaria de cáncer de pulmón

INTRODUCTION: Lung cancer mortality is increasing in women. In Spain, estimates suggest that lung cancer mortality may soon surpass breast cancer mortality, the main cause of cancer mortality among women. The aim of this study was to estimate the proportion of women at high risk of developing lung cancer in a group of participants in a population-based breast cancer screening program. METHODS: Cross-sectional study in a sample of women who participated in a population-based breast cancer screening program in 2016 in Hospitalet de Llobregat (n=1,601). High risk of lung cancer was defined according to the criteria of the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) and the Dutch-Belgian randomized lung cancer screening trial (NELSON). RESULTS: Around 20% of smokers according to NLST criteria and 40% of smokers according to NELSON criteria, and around 20% of former smokers according to both criteria, are at high risk of developing lung cancer. A positive and statistically significant trend is observed between the proportion of women at high risk and nicotine dependence measured with the brief Fagerström test. CONCLUSIONS: A high proportion of participants in this breast cancer screening program have a high risk of developing lung cancer and would be eligible to participate in a lung cancer screening program. Population-based breast cancer screening programs may be useful to implement lung cancer primary prevention activities

Estrategias de prevención primaria y secundaria para reducir el impacto del cáncer de pulmón en las mujeres: ¿dónde nos encontramos y hacia dónde vamos? / Primary and Secondary Prevention Strategies to Reduce the Impact of Lung Cancer in Women: Where Are We Now and Where Are We Going?

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Estimation of the Risk of Lung Cancer in Women Participating in a Population-Based Breast Cancer Screening Program. / Estimación del riesgo de cáncer de pulmón en mujeres que participan en un programa de cribado poblacional de cáncer de mama.

INTRODUCTION: Lung cancer mortality is increasing in women. In Spain, estimates suggest that lung cancer mortality may soon surpass breast cancer mortality, the main cause of cancer mortality among women. The aim of this study was to estimate the proportion of women at high risk of developing lung cancer in a group of participants in a population-based breast cancer screening program. METHODS: Cross-sectional study in a sample of women who participated in a population-based breast cancer screening program in 2016 in Hospitalet de Llobregat (n=1,601). High risk of lung cancer was defined according to the criteria of the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) and the Dutch-Belgian randomized lung cancer screening trial (NELSON). RESULTS: Around 20% of smokers according to NLST criteria and 40% of smokers according to NELSON criteria, and around 20% of former smokers according to both criteria, are at high risk of developing lung cancer. A positive and statistically significant trend is observed between the proportion of women at high risk and nicotine dependence measured with the brief Fagerström test. CONCLUSIONS: A high proportion of participants in this breast cancer screening program have a high risk of developing lung cancer and would be eligible to participate in a lung cancer screening program. Population-based breast cancer screening programs may be useful to implement lung cancer primary prevention activities.