Brentuximab vedotin in the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas: Data from the Spanish Primary Cutaneous Lymphoma Registry.

BACKGROUND: Brentuximab vedotin (BV) has been approved for CD30-expressing cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) after at least one previous systemic treatment. However, real clinical practice is still limited. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the response and tolerance of BV in a cohort of patients with CTCL. METHODS: We analysed CTCL patients treated with BV from the Spanish Primary Cutaneous Lymphoma Registry (RELCP). RESULTS: Sixty-seven patients were included. There were 26 females and the mean age at diagnosis was 59 years. Forty-eight were mycosis fungoides (MF), 7 Sézary syndrome (SS) and 12 CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorders (CD30 LPD). Mean follow-up was 18 months. Thirty patients (45%) showed at least 10% of CD30+ cells among the total lymphocytic infiltrate. The median number of BV infusions received was 7. The overall response rate (ORR) was 67% (63% in MF, 71% in SS and 84% in CD30 LPD). Ten of 14 patients with folliculotropic MF (FMF) achieved complete or partial response (ORR 71%). The median time to response was 2.8 months. During follow-up, 36 cases (54%) experienced cutaneous relapse or progression. The median progression free survival (PFS) was 10.3 months. The most frequent adverse event was peripheral neuropathy (PN) (57%), in most patients (85%), grades 1 or 2. CONCLUSIONS: These results confirm the efficacy and safety of BV in patients with advanced-stage MF, and CD30 LPD. In addition, patients with FMF and SS also showed a favourable response. Our data suggest that BV retreatment is effective in a proportion of cases.

Primary cutaneous marginal zone B-cell lymphoma: response to treatment and disease-free survival in a series of 137 patients.

BACKGROUND: Primary cutaneous marginal zone B-cell lymphomas are low-grade lymphomas running an indolent course. Skin relapses have been frequently reported but little information about disease-free survival (DFS) is available. OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate relapse rate and DFS in patients with primary cutaneous marginal zone B-cell lymphomas. METHODS: Clinical features, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/International Society for Cutaneous Lymphomas stage, light chain restriction, clonality, treatments, skin relapses, DFS, stage progression, extracutaneous disease, and outcome are analyzed in a series of 137 patients. RESULTS: Patients were classified as solitary lesion (T1) (n = 70; 51%), regional skin involvement (T2) (n = 40; 29%), and generalized skin lesions (T3) (n = 27; 20%). Surgical excision, local radiotherapy, or a combination were the initial treatment in 118 patients (86%). In 121 of 137 patients (88%) a complete remission was observed after initial treatment, including 99 of 106 patients (93%) with solitary or localized disease and 22 of 31 patients (71%) with multifocal lesions. Cutaneous relapses were observed in 53 patients (44%). Median DFS was 47 months. Patients with multifocal lesions or T3 disease showed higher relapse rate and shorter DFS. No significant differences were observed between surgery and radiotherapy, but surgery alone was associated with more recurrences at initial site. Overall survival at 5 and 10 years was 93%. Six patients (4%) developed extracutaneous disease during follow-up. LIMITATIONS: This was a case series retrospective study. CONCLUSION: Our results support long-term follow-up in patients with primary cutaneous marginal zone B-cell lymphomas. Disseminated skin lesions have higher relapse rate and shorter DFS suggesting further investigation on systemic therapies in such a group of patients.

Primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type and secondary cutaneous involvement by testicular B-cell lymphoma share identical clinicopathological and immunophenotypical features.

BACKGROUND: Primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (PCDLBCL), leg type can eventually disseminate to extracutaneous sites including testes. In addition, patients with testicular lymphoma can develop specific skin involvement. OBJECTIVE: We sought to describe similarities between PCDLBCL, leg type and testicular B-cell lymphoma affecting the skin. METHODS: We report two cases with typical clinicopathological and immunophenotypical features of leg type lymphoma occurring simultaneously with a testicular B-cell lymphoma. We also report an additional case of PCDLBCL, leg type with secondary testicular involvement. RESULTS: All cases presented with typical red tumors exclusively located on the legs. Histologically, all cases showed a diffuse nonepidermotropic infiltrate composed of large blastic cells mainly centroblastic type. Phenotype showed strong positivity for Bcl-2, MUM-1, and FOXP1. Epstein-Barr virus stains and CD30 were negative in the 3 cases. In all cases the testicular infiltration showed the same pathological and phenotypical changes to those observed in the skin. LIMITATIONS: This was a retrospective case series study. CONCLUSION: Skin involvement by testicular B-cell lymphomas and PCDLBCL, leg type are indistinguishable on the basis of pathologic and immunophenotypical features, therefore specific investigation and clinic correlation are needed.

Hipotiroidismo central y dislipemia mixta secundarios a tratamiento con bexaroteno / Bexarotene-induced central hypothyroidism and mixed dyslipidemia

El bexaroteno es un análogo de retinoide sintético caracterizado por unirse selectivamente a un tipo de receptores retinoides (receptores X) que fue diseñado para el tratamiento, entre otros, de estadios avanzados de linfoma cutáneo de células T resistentes a tratamientos convencionales. Se ha descrito que hasta el 40% de los pacientes que reciben bexaroteno pueden desarrollar hipotiroidismo secundario y hasta el 70%, hiperlipemia mixta grave, efecto común a otros retinoides. Presentamos a 3 pacientes que desarrollaron hipotiroidismo central y dislipemia tras el inicio de tratamiento con bexaroteno; en uno de ellos pudimos observar que estas alteraciones remitían tras la supresión del tratamiento (AU)

Bexarotene is a synthetic retinoid analogue that joints selectively to retinoid X receptor and has been designed for treatment of advanced stages of cutaneous T- cell lymphoma. Up to a 40% of patients treated with bexarotene develop central hypothyroidism while severe mixed dyslipidemia may be present in up to 70%. We report 3 patients that developed central hypothyroidism and dyslipidemia after bexarotene treatment was initiated. In one of them, we observed normalization of the thyroid function when bexarotene treatment was stopped (AU)

Annually recurring erythema annulare centrifugum: a distinct entity?

Four patients presenting a peculiar clinical variant of erythema annulare centrifugum are reported. The lesions were clinically and histopathologically indistinguishable from classic superficial erythema annulare centrifugum but constant annual and seasonal recurrences for many years or decades were observed. No clear precipitating factor could be identified. No associated symptoms were present and the eruption regressed spontaneously after a variable period of days to months. Annually recurring erythema annulare centrifugum seems to represent a rare distinct clinical entity that has received little attention in literature. Clinicopathologic features of this peculiar clinical disorder and the differential diagnosis with other recurrent seasonal eruptions are reviewed.

Peripheral T-cell lymphoma with secondary epithelioid granulomatous cutaneous involvement: a clinicopathologic study of four cases.

Epithelioid granuloma formation has rarely been observed in specific cutaneous lesions from T-cell lymphomas other than those of mycosis fungoides/Sézary syndrome (MF/SS). Three patients diagnosed with nodal and/or extranodal (tonsillar) non-Hodgkin's peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) and one patient with angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AILD), developed specific cutaneous involvement showing prominent epithelioid cell and/or granulomatous inflammation. The original diagnostic lesions had no granulomatous features. In addition to a specific lymphomatous infiltrate, prominent dermal and/or subcutaneous granulomatous infiltrates were observed. Sarcoid-like granulomas were observed in two patients (one of them presented a granuloma annulare-like pattern in early lesions), granulomatous panniculitis was noted in one patient and in one patient with AILD, masses of epithelioid cells were noted. The clinicopathological features of cutaneous involvement by PTCL showing a florid epithelioid and/or granulomatous cell reaction are reviewed. Various histopathological patterns can be observed. The diagnostic difficulties of these cases are stressed.

Hipotiroidismo secundario a tratamiento con bexaroteno / Central hypothyroidism related with bexarotene treatment

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