RESUMEN
Alopecia areata totalis and universalis are disabling conditions and therapeutically challenging as they are refractory to conventional options. Tofacitinib is a Janus-kinase (JAK) inhibitor utilized to treat alopecia areata (AA) as an off-label drug. In India, FDA-approved JAK inhibitors such as baricitinib and ritlecitinib are not available. There are only a few case reports on tofacitinib in AA in the Indian population. We present the data of 9 pediatric cases of clinically and histologically proven alopecia areata totalis (AT) and alopecia universalis (AU), for whom oral tofacitinib was given after baseline investigations. The following parameters were analysed: Photographic image and severity of alopecia tool (SALT) score at baseline, 3 months and 6 months, and Children Dermatology Life Quality Index (cDLQI) at baseline and 6 months. The mean ± standard deviation (M ± SD) of the SALT score and cDLQI(M ± SD) at baseline were 95 ± 5 and 17 ± 2. At weeks 4 and weeks 12, the SALT (M ± SD) score was 92.7 ± 6.1 and 34.35 ± 11.16, respectively. At weeks 24, the SALT (M ± SD) score and cDLQI (M ± SD) were 3.33 ± 5 and 6 ± 2. The final reduction in SALT score from the baseline was 100% in 6/9 cases (66.67%), 75% to 99% in 3/9 (22.23%), and 50 to 75% in 1/9 (11.12%). We also observed minimal adverse effects (one child developed herpes zoster) with tofacitinib. Our study demonstrates that oral tofacitinib represents a viable modality in managing difficult-to-treat pediatric AA, such as AT and AU, with a good safety profile.
RESUMEN
Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), a heterogeneous genodermatoses, has a variable clinical spectrum ranging from mild freckling and photosensitivity to severe skeletal and neurological abnormalities and cutaneous malignancies. Herein, we present the case of a 4-year-old boy with XP group G who presented with a pellagroid rash.