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Background: Candida cellulitis is a rare disease, primarily reported in immunocompromised patients. Atypical Candida spp. infections are increasing, largely due to the growing number of immunocompromised patients. This case report describes a 52-year-old immunocompetent patient with facial cellulitis caused by Candida guilliermondi. Candida guilliermondi has not previously been reported as a cause of facial cellulitis in either immunocompromised or immunocompetent patients. Case presentation: A 52-year-old, otherwise healthy, male patient presented with facial cellulitis that did not respond to intravenous antibiotics. Culture of the drained pus revealed Candida guilliermondi. The patient was successfully treated with intravenous fluconazole. Conclusion: This case highlights the possibility of atypical Candida spp. causing deep facial infections in immunocompetent patients. Candida guilliermondi has not been previously reported as a cause of facial cellulitis in either immunocompromised or immunocompetent patients. Healthcare providers should consider atypical Candida spp. infections in the differential diagnosis of deep facial infections in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients. LEARNING POINTS: Candida guilliermondi can cause facial cellulitis in immunocompetent patients. This has not been previously reported.Atypical Candida spp. infections should be considered in the differential diagnosis of deep facial infections in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients.Healthcare providers should be aware of the increasing incidence of non-Candida albicans Candida species infections, especially in immunocompromised patients.
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Introduction: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a parasitic disease caused by various Leishmania species and is a potentially life-threatening condition. The disease is highly endemic in several regions, including the Balkans, yet information regarding its prevalence in Kosovo is limited. Case presentation: In this case presentation, a 62-year-old man was admitted to a hospital in Kosovo due to a persistent high fever, and after extensive evaluations and treatments, he was diagnosed with fever of unknown origin (FUO) and transferred to a hospital in Turkey. An abscess of the psoas muscle caused by MRSA was found, however, pancytopenia persisted despite antibiotic treatment. Six months later, the patient was hospitalized again due to fever, chills, and night sweats. Microscopic examination and serological tests revealed the presence of Leishmania infantum in the bone marrow. Liposomal amphotericin B treatment resulted in a significant improvement in the patient's condition. Discussion: The diagnosis of VL can be challenging, and it can easily be misdiagnosed as other diseases, resulting in diagnostic delays and potentially fatal outcomes. In endemic regions such as the Balkans, it is crucial for physicians to be aware of this infection to avoid misdiagnosis or diagnostic delay. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment of VL are essential in preventing morbidity and mortality. Conclusion: This case highlights the significance of considering VL as a possible diagnosis in patients presenting with febrile illnesses accompanied by pancytopenia and splenomegaly, especially in endemic regions.
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PURPOSE: Prompt recognition and aggressive early treatment are the only effective measures against invasive meningococcal disease (IMD). Anti-inflammatory adjunctive treatment remains controversial and difficult to assess in patients with IMD. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of dexamethasone (DXM) as adjunctive treatment in different clinical forms of IMD, and attempt to answer if DXM should be routinely used in the treatment of IMD. METHODS: In this non-interventional clinical study (NIS), 39 patients with meningococcal septicaemia with or without of meningitis were included, and compared regarding the impact of dexamethasone (DXM), as an adjunctive treatment, on the outcome of IMD. SPSS statistics is used for statistical processing of data. RESULTS: Thirty (76.9%) patients with IMD had sepsis and meningitis, and 9 (23.1%) of them had sepsis alone. Dexamethasone was used in 24 (61.5%) cases, in both clinical groups. The overall mortality rate was 10.3%. Pneumonia was diagnosed in 6 patients (15.4%), arthritis in 3 of them (7.7%), and subdural effusion in one patient (2.6%). The data showed a significant statistical difference on the length of hospitalization, and WBC normalization in groups of patients treated with DXM. CONCLUSION: The use of DXM as adjunctive therapy in invasive meningococcal disease has a degree of proven benefits and no harmful effects. In fighting this very dangerous and complex infection, even a limited benefit is sufficient to recommend the use of DXM as adjunctive treatment in invasive meningococcal disease.