Peptide vaccines designed with the aid of immunoinformatic against Caseous Lymphadenitis promotes humoral and cellular response induction in mice.

Caseous Lymphadenitis (CLA) is a chronic disease that affects also small ruminants. CLA is caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis and is responsible for high economic losses due to the formation of superficial and visceral granulomas, the latter is considered as asymptomatic CLA causing high levels of dissemination. Several vaccination strategies, in which the use of synthetic peptides stands out. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the protective potential of peptide vaccines designed to determine the immunodominant epitopes of CP40 against CLA in mice. The animals were divided into eight groups separated in controls (G1-PBS, G2-Saponin and G9-rCP40) and experimental (G3-pep1, G4- pep2, G5-pep3, G6-pep4, G7-pep5 and G8-pep6), these were vaccinated on days 0 and 15 by a subcutaneous route. 60 days after the first immunization, all animals were challenged with C. pseudotuberculosis. On days 0, 15, 60, and 120 after the first immunization, blood samples were taken to measure immunoglobulins. On the same day of the challenge, the splenocytes were isolated and assayed for the production of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-17, and IL-10. After vaccinations, the animals were challenged and all of them were affected by the disease which led to their death. The G6 and G8 groups provided 10% protection and the G7 provided 20%. The G3 and G4 groups provided 30% and 40% protection respectively. The peptides showed the production of Total IgG antibodies and cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IFN-γ, and TNF-α), indicating a possible activation of the Th1 type response. However, groups G3, G5, G6, and G8 showed production of IL-17. None of the study groups showed IL-10 production. The immunogenicity of the peptides was not enough to protect these animals and it is believed that the use of adjuvants based on PAMPs may improve the immune response offered by these peptides.

Prevalência de vaginoses bacterianas em pacientes que realizaram bacterioscopia de secreção vaginal / Prevalence of bacterial vaginosis in patients who underwent bacterioscopy of vaginal secretion

Introdução: a microbiota da região genital feminina pode sofrer alterações ocasionando patologias, como as vaginoses bacterianas (VB). A VB tem como principal sintoma o corrimento genital, de coloração branca ou acinzentada com odor desagradável. Devido as grandes complicações que essa doença ocasiona, como infertilidade, abortos e o aumento do risco de adquirir HIV, ela é considerada um grave problema de saúde pública. Objetivo: verificar a prevalência de vaginoses bacterianas em pacientes que realizaram bacterioscopia de secreção vaginal em um laboratório particular de Aracaju, em Sergipe. Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo do tipo documental, retrospectivo e transversal, com base na análise dos protocolos de identificação das mulheres que realizaram bacterioscopia de secreção vaginal, no período de janeiro a dezembro de 2017. Resultados: foram analisados 434 protocolos, sendo que 80 (18,4%) das amostras foram positivas para VB e 354 (81,6%) negativas. Nas positivas, o agente infeccioso mais prevalente foi a Candida sp. (56,3%), depois Gardnerella vaginallis (35%) e ainda houve coinfeccção (8,7%). Na faixa etária, a prevalência maior foi observada no grupo de menores que 20 anos (9,66%). Dentre os sintomas, o corrimento foi mais frequente (28,75%). No estudo foi descrito utilização do DIU pelas mulheres (1,25%). Conclusão: nota-se um problema de saúde da mulher referente as VB, o qual deve ter um maior controle e regressão da sua prevalência. Faz-se necessário investimentos em políticas públicas, na saúde, voltadas a avaliação dos comportamentos de riscos, a fim de promover uma prevenção das infecções vaginais, visando a redução dos agravos

Introduction: the microbiota of the female genital area can change causing pathologies, such as bacterial vaginosis (BV). The main symptom of BV is vaginal discharge, of white or grayish color with an unpleasant odor. Due to the great complications that this disease causes, such as infertility, abortion and the increased risk of acquiring HIV, it is considered a serious public health problem. Objective: to verify the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis in patients who underwent bacterioscopy of vaginal secretion in a particular laboratory here in Aracaju, Sergipe. Methodology: This is a documentary, retrospective and cross-sectional study, based on the analysis of identification records of women who underwent bacterioscopy of vaginal secretion, from January to December, 2017. Results: 434 samples were analyzed, and 80 (18.4%) of them were positive for BV and 354 (81.6%) negative. In the positive, the most prevalent infectious agent was Candida sp. (56.3%), followed by Gardnerella vaginallis (35%) and coinfection (8.7%). About the age of the group, the highest prevalence was observed in the group by younger than 20 years (9.66%). Among the symptoms, discharge was the most frequente (28.75%). In the study, IUD use by women was described (1.25%). Conclusion: women health problems related to BV are noted, which should have a greater control and regression of their prevalence. It is necessary to invest in health public policy, directed to evaluation of risk behaviors, in order to promote prevention of vaginal infections, aiming at the reduction of diseases.