RESUMEN
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) that primarily involves the colon is rare and should be distinguished from the more common systemic nodal lymphoma. It has unique clinical expectations and management consideration. Different histologic subtypes of NHL involve the colon, which varies in the clinical behavior and likelihood of obtaining durable remissions with treatment. This article will review the current understanding of the different histologic subtypes of primary colorectal lymphoma and propose management algorithms.
Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Monoclonales Humanizados/uso terapéutico , Leucemia Linfocítica Crónica de Células B/tratamiento farmacológico , Adulto , Anciano , Anticuerpos Monoclonales Humanizados/efectos adversos , Antineoplásicos Inmunológicos/efectos adversos , Antineoplásicos Inmunológicos/uso terapéutico , Supervivencia sin Enfermedad , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neutropenia/inducido químicamente , Neumonía/inducido químicamente , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
High-grade B cell lymphoma with MYC and BCL2 rearrangements (double hit) has a poor prognosis with standard R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone). We report here a treatment algorithm of DA-EPOCH-R (dose-adjusted etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, rituximab) followed by BEAM (carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, melphalan) autologous transplant in 36 cases of previously untreated double hit lymphoma (DHL) from 2010 to 2015. A high risk International Prognostic Index (IPI) was present in 42% of cases. At median follow-up of 38 months, the 2-year progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 69% (95% CI 54-84%) and 71% (95% CI 56-86%). Eight cases were refractory to induction with 1-year OS 20%, and no factors were predictive for primary refractory disease. Of 28 responders, 17 proceeded to transplant while 11 were observed, primarily due to age and co-morbidities. By 24-week landmark analysis after diagnosis, the 2-year PFS and OS were both 94% (95% CI 83-100%) vs 79% (95% CI 52-100%) for transplant vs observation (p = .59 for both PFS and OS). There was no significant benefit to consolidative transplant in our series, and primary refractory DHL needs novel approaches.
Asunto(s)
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico , Trasplante de Células Madre Hematopoyéticas/métodos , Linfoma de Células B Grandes Difuso/terapia , Anciano , Carmustina/administración & dosificación , Terapia Combinada , Ciclofosfamida/administración & dosificación , Citarabina/administración & dosificación , Supervivencia sin Enfermedad , Doxorrubicina/administración & dosificación , Etopósido/administración & dosificación , Reordenamiento Génico , Humanos , Linfoma de Células B Grandes Difuso/genética , Melfalán/administración & dosificación , Persona de Mediana Edad , Prednisona/administración & dosificación , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-bcl-2/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-myc/genética , Rituximab/administración & dosificación , Trasplante Autólogo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Vincristina/administración & dosificaciónAsunto(s)
Deficiencia del Factor XI/cirugía , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Torácicos , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Válvula Aórtica/cirugía , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Periodo Perioperatorio , Hemorragia Posoperatoria/etiología , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Torácicos/efectos adversosAsunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma/genética , Fusión Génica/genética , Neoplasias Pulmonares/genética , Neurregulina-1/genética , Quinazolinas/uso terapéutico , Adenocarcinoma/patología , Adenocarcinoma del Pulmón , Adulto , Afatinib , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Quinazolinas/farmacologíaRESUMEN
Nivolumab is a humanized immunoglobulin gamma-4 kappa anti-programmed cell death 1 monoclonal antibody that is currently approved in the treatment of several solid tumors and recently gained accelerated approval in classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) that has relapsed or progressed following autologous hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation and post-transplantation brentuximab vedotin. The purpose of this article is to review the immunophysiologic basis, clinical efficacy, and toxicity of nivolumab in the treatment of cHL. In addition, we will review ongoing clinical trials and potential future directions of checkpoint inhibition in the treatment of cHL.
