[Clinical-morphological parallels of malignant ovarian tumours].

The detection of the malignant ovarian tumor takes place at a later stage because of a symptomless process of the tumor formation at an earlier stage, hence leading to the delayed diagnostics and inefficient treatment. The objective of the research is the development of an efficient treatment of the malignant ovarian tumor patients, finding the most adequate methods and a delineation of the proper tactics for the achievement of the improved long-term results. We have studied the medical cards of the patients checked into A. Gvamichava Gynecological Clinic of the National Oncology Center in 1990-2000. The research has led to the conclusion that the epithelial malignant ovarian tumors outnumber the non-epithelial malignant ovarian tumors by 5 to 2. The most widespread histotype of the epithelial malignant ovarian tumors is the serous carcinoma, most frequently detected among the 50-69 year old patients and diagnosed at the third and the fourth stages. In non-epithelial malignant ovarian tumors, the most widespread histotype is the granule-cellular tumors, most frequently detected in the 50-69 age group, diagnosed at the II and the III stages. In our clinic, the surgical treatment, with a subsequent chemotherapy is preferential.

[Sentinel nodes identification efficacy prognostic criteria in breast cancer].

The sentinel node concept assumes that a malignancy that metastasizes by the lymphatic route will initially travel to one or a few lymph node(s). Although a tumor may disseminate to other nodes, it will remain in the sentinel node, and therefore the status of the entire basin is predicted by the sentinel node. The sentinel lymph node biopsy with total axillary dissection was performed on 99 patients. The identification rate was 69,7%, specificity 62,6%, and the false-negative rate was 7,1%. The impact of some prognostic factors on efficacy of visualization was also investigated. It was shown that the age of patients, stage of disease, localization of primary tumor, and method of injection of methylene blue were important prognostic factors for effective identification of sentinel lymph nodes in breast cancer patients.

[The microscopic diagnosis of different forms of mechanical asphyxia by the hemodynamic status]. / Mikroskopicheskaia diagnostika razlichnykh form mekhanicheskoi asfiksii po sostoianiiu gemodinamiki.

Two types of mechanical asphyxia are analyzed, strangulation and obturation. Based on the hemodynamic status, the authors distinguished the venous and venoarterial variants. The venous variant was referred to the complete, and the venoarterial one to incomplete form of mechanical asphyxia. The incomplete form in prolonged course of hypoxia was shown to involve disturbances in blood rheology.

[The criteria for choosing the extent of the resection of neighboring organs (structures) in lung cancer patients]. / Kriterii vybora ob''ema rezektsii sosednikh organov (struktur) u bol'nykh rakom legkogo.

Clinical and morphological criteria for the extent of resection of the adjacent organs (structures) involved in the metastatic process were defined by analyzing 598 extensive, combined, and extensive-combined operations for giant-cell carcinoma of the lung. Morphological studies of the serial sections of resected intrathoracic structures showed that the true margins of the process extent do not always correspond to those determined on revision or palpation. It was indicated that for radical intervention, the pericardium should be resected at least at 2 cm from the visible invasion edges when a tumor is extended into it. When the process is extended into the diaphragm and chest, resection should be made at least at 2 cm of the tumor edges. In endobronchial carcinoma, the bronchus should be dissected at a distance of at least 1 cm from the tumor edges, but in peribronchial and mixed forms, it should be done at least at 2 cm. Intraoperative morphological studies are demonstrated to be of high diagnostic value in identifying the local and regional extent of lung cancer.

[Establishing the cause of death in pneumopathies]. / Ustanovlenie prichiny smerti pri pnevmopatiiakh.

The article deals with determination and differential diagnosis of the cause of death in different forms of pneumopathy and mechanical asphyxia on the basis of developed morphometric method for separate evaluation of the volume of lung tissue per se, the air and pathologic contents of airways.

[Optimization of the treatment of patients with malignant polyps of the cervix uteri]. / Optimizatsiia lecheniia bol'nykh s malignizirovannymi polipami sheiki matki.

The study was concerned with an analysis of 5-year results of treatment of Ca in situ (II) and invasive cancer (53 patients) arising in cervical polyps. Recurrences were observed in 15.1% of cases undergoing sparing procedures. Conization assures an optimal removal of tissue for Ca in situ. Reproductive patients with invasive carcinoma should also undergo conization. Extirpation of the uterus with appendages should be carried out in menopausal patients and cases of concomitant uterine pathology.

[Decreased isoproterenol sensitivity of the salivary epithelium in mice with transplanted tumors]. / Snizhenie chuvstvitel'nosti k izoproterenolu épiteliia sliunnykh zhelez myshei s perevivnymi opukholiami.

The proliferative response of secretory cells of parotid glands to isoproterenol could not be observed in tumour-bearing mice, while in normal mice a ten-fold increase was usually observed. Mice with subcutaneous allografts of normal tissue (tail fragments) demonstrated sensitivity similar to normal mice. Apparently, a lack of sensitivity in tumour-bearing mice is characteristic of the tumour-host interaction. According to electron microscopic cytochemical data the adenylate cyclase activity is not changed in the mentioned cells of the tumour-bearing mice. It is supposed that lack of sensitivity is due to an alteration of certain properties of some other components of the beta-adrenergic system.

[Experimental morphological study of the vaccination process following aerosol application of lyophilized live influenza A2/Hong Kong and B/USSR vaccines]. / Eksperimental'no-morfologicheskoe issledovanie vaktsinnogo protsessa pri aérozol'nom primenenii zhivykh sukhikh protivogrippoznikh vaktsii tipa A2/Honkong i B/SSSR

A comparative study of immunologic, immunomorphological and morphological responses of the viscera of white rats immunized by aerosol intranasally with lyophilized influenza A2/Hong Kong and B/USSR vaccines with an adjuvant (typhoid antigen) and without it was carried out. Also lung tissues were examined for intracellular inclusions considered to be a morphological indication of influenza virus implantation. No pathological lesions were found in the organs of the immunized animals. It is concluded that the intensity of immunologic and immuno-morphological responses depends upon the method of vaccine application and upon vaccine type but not upon the adjuvant.