No increase in HIV or sexually transmissible infection testing following a social marketing campaign among men who have sex with men.

BACKGROUND: A social marketing campaign ran in 2004 in the Victoria to increase rates of HIV/sexually transmissible infection (STI) testing among men having sex with men (MSM). METHODS: To evaluate the initiative data from HIV sentinel surveillance, laboratory data on testing for HIV/STIs and STI/HIV testing uptake reported in annual surveys were analysed. RESULTS: The sentinel surveillance network showed no increase in the overall extent of HIV testing and no difference in the proportion of MSM reporting regular annual HIV testing during the campaign (43%) and post campaign (41%). The annual behavioural surveys showed that between 2004 and 2006 there was no significant increase in this overall proportion of MSM reporting having an HIV test in the last 12 months (p = 0.96). The behavioural surveys also showed an increasing trend in the proportion reporting specific STI tests over time: anal swab (26% to 39%, p

A randomised controlled trial comparing computer-assisted with face-to-face sexual history taking in a clinical setting.

AIM: To compare computer-assisted self-interview (CASI) with routine face-to-face interview (FTFI) for sexual history taking from patients in a clinical setting. METHODS: A randomised controlled trial was undertaken at the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, in 2005. New, walk-in patients triaged into the centre were eligible for the study. Those who consented to the study were randomly allocated (initially at a ratio of 2:1, then 1:1) to either CASI or FTFI. Those randomised to CASI also subsequently undertook FTFI. RESULTS: During the study period, of 713 patients approached, 611 agreed to participate in the study; 356 were randomised to FTFI and 255 to CASI. Overall, the responses to questioning using CASI and FTFI were similar except that women undertaking the CASI reported a significantly higher median number of male partners for the preceding 12 months (3 v 2, p = 0.05) and the CASI participants reported previous hepatitis B vaccination more often (50% v 37%, p = 0.01). Most participants found the CASI either easy (31; 13%) or very easy (193; 82%) to complete; 83 (35%) were comfortable and 121 (51%) were very comfortable with it. CONCLUSIONS: CASI may be a reliable, efficient and highly acceptable method for the screening of sexual risk in clinical sexual health settings and could be used routinely to improve the efficiency of clinical services.

Screening for gestational diabetes mellitus: the Sri Lankan experience.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate tests used for screening and confirmation of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Sri Lanka. METHODS FIELD BASED: Consecutive pregnant women in Homagama DDHS area (n = 853), were assessed for risk factors and subjected to random and postprandial urinary Benedict's and Dipstick tests, fasting and 2 hour post 75 g glucose capillary blood glucose (FBG and 2hBG) which were validated against 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) performed at 24-28 weeks (WHO criteria). HOSPITAL BASED: Retrospective analysis of consecutive high-risk women (n = 999) and prospective study of randomly selected GDM women (n = 66) to assess predictive value of the OGTT. RESULTS FIELD BASED: Sensitivity and specificity respectively of random urine Benedict's, 10%, 99.2%; postprandial urine Benedict's, 52.2%, 94.5%; postprandial urine Dipstick, 68.7%, 90%; capillary FBG threshold 4.1 mmol/l, 62.6%, 73%; capillary 2hBG threshold 7.2 mmol/l, 98.5%, 95.2%; risk factors, 93.1%, 22.2%. HOSPITAL BASED: OGTT-11.6% lag curves, 16.3% abnormal, FPG accuracy at 4.7mmol/l; predictive value of 2 hPG > or = 8.9 mmol/l for insulin treatment-sensitivity 97.2%, specificity 71.4%. CONCLUSIONS: Current practice of random urine testing in community screening for gestational diabetes is unreliable, and glucose specific postprandial urine test improves sensitivity. FPG is unsuitable for screening, the 2 hour post 75 g blood glucose at a threshold of > 7.2 mmol/l is sensitive and specific. In laboratory confirmation using 75 g OGTT the fasting plasma glucose has low predictive value, 2 hour test performed alone is liable to false positives and 2 hour glucose > 8.9 mmol/l following a peak at 1 hour suggests the need for insulin treatment.

Are patient responses to sensitive sexual health questions influenced by the sex of the practitioner?

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a patient's responses to sensitive questions about their sexual behaviour are influenced by the sex of their treating practitioner. METHODS: An audit was conducted on the computerised medical records of all patients attending the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre through the walk-in triage system between January 2003 and July 2005. Patient responses to sensitive questions about their sexual behaviour were analysed according to patient group (based upon the sex of their sexual partners) and the sex of the treating practitioner. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the reported number of sexual partners, condom use, sex overseas, injecting drug use, or commercial sex work based on the sex of the treating practitioner for the different patient groups. This held true whether clients were homosexual men (n = 1609, p>0.07), heterosexual men (n = 4847, p>0.11), or women (n = 4910, p>0.08). CONCLUSIONS: The sex of the practitioner did not significantly influence patient responses to sensitive questions about their sexual behaviour.