COVID-19-Associated Myelitis Involving the Dorsal and Lateral White Matter Tracts: A Case Series and Review of the Literature.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) myelitis is a rare condition, most commonly presenting with nonenhancing central expansile cord T2 signal changes. A single case report has also described longitudinal involvement of the dorsal columns. We present 5 cases of COVID-19-associated myelitis with tract-specific involvement of the dorsal and lateral columns and discuss potential pathophysiologic pathways for this unique pattern.

Electroencephalogram findings in patients with posterior cortical atrophy.

AIM OF THE STUDY: The aim of this study is to evaluate standard scalp EEG findings in patients with posterior cortical atrophy (PCA), an atypical variant of Alzheimer's disease (AD). CLINICAL RATIONALE: PCA is a topographically selective variant of AD. Patients with typical AD have an increased likelihood of seizures, which may negatively impact overall functional performance and cognition. It is currently unknown what the typical EEG findings are for patients with PCA. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed on patients identified either with autopsy confirmed (n=13) or clinically (n=126) as PCA. RESULTS: 139 patients were included though only 23 (16.5%) had undergone EEG recording. The EEG was normal in 6 (26%), while an abnormal EEG was present in 17 (74%). Interictal epileptic discharges (IEDs) were found in 2 of the 23 patients (9%). CONCLUSIONS: This study of limited sample size suggests that there may be an increased predilection to find IEDs within PCA when compared to typical AD. Larger cohorts are required to determine frequency of abnormal EEGs in PCA, roles of AEDs in therapy, and in the selection of preferred AED. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Patients with PCA would potentially benefit from an EEG for assessment of IEDs which may provide the clinician with a therapeutic opportunity.

Undiagnosed Partial Ornithine Transcarbamylase Deficiency Presenting Postoperatively as Agitated Delirium.

Partial ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency (pOTCD), an enzymatic defect within the urea cycle, is an increasingly recognized etiology for hyperammonemia of unclear source following a stressor within female adults. Here we present a case of newly diagnosed pOTCD following a systemic stressor and prolonged hospitalization course. From a neurological perspective, prompt recognition provided the patient with a swift and near complete recovery. We briefly review the pertinent literature pertaining to this genetically based condition including historical context and current therapeutic approaches. Given the potential morbidity of prolonged hyperammonemia, neurohospitalists need to be aware of partial ornithine transcarbamylase as an entity.