Pilot study of single-dose psilocybin for serotonin reuptake inhibitor-resistant body dysmorphic disorder.

OBJECTIVE: Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is an often-severe condition in which individuals are preoccupied by misperceptions of their appearance as defective or ugly. Only serotonin reuptake inhibitors and cognitive-behavioral therapy have been demonstrated efficacious in randomized controlled trials. Psilocybin is a psychedelic drug with growing evidence for safety and efficacy in treatment of depression. This study aimed to pilot test the feasibility, tolerability, safety, and efficacy of psilocybin treatment of adults with BDD. METHODS: In this open-label trial, 12 adults (8 women, 4 men) with moderate-to-severe non-delusional BDD that had been unresponsive to at least one serotonin reuptake inhibitor trial received a single oral dose of psilocybin 25 mg. There was no control group. Psychological support was provided before, during, and after the dosing session. The primary outcome measure for efficacy was the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Scale Modified for BDD (BDD-YBOCS) score during 12 weeks of assessments after dosing. RESULTS: All participants completed dosing and all follow-up assessments. BDD-YBOCS scores decreased significantly over 12 weeks of follow-up (p < .001) with a large effect size (partial eta squared = 0.54), and significant changes from baseline were present at week 1 and persisted through week 12. Secondary efficacy measures of BDD symptoms, conviction of belief, negative affect, and disability also improved significantly, and no serious adverse events occurred. At week 12, seven participants (58%) were rated responders, based on ≥30% decrease in BDD-YBOCS. CONCLUSION: This study provides promising preliminary support for psilocybin as a treatment of BDD, warranting future controlled studies.

Reverse smokers's and changes in oral mucosa. Department of Sucre, Colombia.

OBJECTIVES: This work is intended to establish the prevalence of reverse smokers at the villages of Hato Nuevo, San Francisco and Cayo de Palma, Department of Sucre, Colombia, characterizing their socio-culture conditions, clinical and histological changes in the oral mucosa. DESIGN OF STUDY: A descriptive study was done through a home to home inquiry to select the people with inclusion criteria for a posterior clinical test and a biopsy of the affected oral mucosa. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Reverse smokers's prevalence was from the 15%, mainly women (p<0.001) with an age average of 59.3 years. The lesions were classified clinically in mild, moderate and severe changes. Tongue moderate lesions presented the higher frequency (80%), followed by severe lesions on palate (74%). Oral cancer prevalence was 10.8% in the San Francisco village and 18.2% in Cayo de Palma village, no new cases were reported in Hato Nuevo village. This was the highest prevalence reported in comparison with other studies with similar population. The clinical and histological findings agree with the reported in literature, no relation was found between the degree of clinical severity and the dysplasia itself. Cases of oral submucous fibrosis-like lesions were found, which had never been reported in Latin America. Further studies are required in order to decrease the morbidity for this habit and to identify other related risk factors.

Reverse smokers’s and changes in oral mucosa. Department of Sucre, Colombia

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Objectives: This work is intended to establish the prevalence of reverse smokers at the villages of Hato Nuevo, San Francisco and Cayo de Palma, Department of Sucre, Colombia, characterizing their socio-culture conditions, clinical and histological changes in the oral mucosa.Design of study: A descriptive study was done through a home to home inquiry to select the people with inclusion criteria for a posterior clinical test and a biopsy of the affected oral mucosa.Results and conclusions: Reverse smokers’s prevalence was from the 15%, mainly women (p<0.001) with an ageaverage of 59.3 years. The lesions were classified clinically in mild, moderate and severe changes. Tongue moderate lesions presented the higher frequency (80%), followed by severe lesions on palate (74%). Oral cancer prevalence was 10.8% in the San Francisco village and 18.2% in Cayo de Palma village, no new cases were reported in Hato Nuevo village. This was the highest prevalence reported in comparison with other studies with similar population. The clinical and histological findings agree with the reported in literature, no relation was found between the degree of clinical severity and the dysplasia itself. Cases of oral submucous fibrosis-like lesions were found, which had never been reported in Latin America. Further studies are required in order to decrease the morbidity for this habit and to identify other related risk factors (AU)

Dientes supernumerarios: reporte de 170 casos y revisión de la literatura / Supernumerary teeth: report of 170 cases and review of the literature

Los dientes formados en exceso del número normal son denominados supernumerarios; tales dientes pueden también ser definidos como suplementarios si ellos recuerdan cercanamente al diente adyacente. Pueden ser simples o múltiples, unilaterales o bilaterales, malformados morfológicamente o normales en tamaño y forma y euprcionados o retenidos. Los dientes supernumerarios pueden causar varias complicaciones como: apiñamiento, retardo en la erupción, diastemas, rotaciones, lesiones quísticas, erupción dentro del piso de la cavidad nasal y reabsorción del diente adyacente. La hiperodoncia es detectada tanto por examen RX de rutina o como resultado de signos clínicos bien conocidos; pueden erupcionar normalmente, permanecer retenidos, aparecer invertidos, asumir una posición ectópica, reabsorberse o desaparecer. La remoción temprana de tales dientes es recomendada si ellos pimpiden la erupción de los dientes permanentes adyacentes. Este documento revisa la literatura previa y presenta los hallazgos de una muestra de 170 casos con 242 dientes supernumerarios para establecer lineamientos respecto al tratamiento y enfatiza en la importancia de un diagnóstico y manejo adecuado, dependiendo de diferentes factores

Frecuencia de consumo de bebidas alcohólicas entre los pacientes con cáncer bucal de la Unidad de Cirugía Maxilofacial y Estomatología del HUSVP (Medellín) entre enero de 1996 y junio de 2000 / Frequency of alcoholic beverages consumption among oral cancer patients from the HUSVP Maxillofacial Surgery and Stomatology Unit (Medellin) between January 1996 and June 2000

Son diversos los factores de riesgo asociados con la aparición de cáncer bucal, entre ellos algunos hábitos como el consumo de cigarrillo y alcohol. Este estudio descriptivo retrospectivo evaluó diferentes variables como edad, sexo, consumo de bebidas alcohólicas y cigarrillos entre los pacientes con diangóstico de cáncer bucal en la Unidad de Cirugía Maxilofacial y Estomatología del HUSVP en Medellín, Colombia. Se encontró una mayor prevalencia de cáncer bucal en el sexo masculino, principalmente en mayores de 45 años con un aumento significativo después de los 60 años, siendo el principal tipo de cáncer el carcinoma escamocelular (88 por ciento) y la ubicación más frecuente en el borde lateral de lengua. El 36 por ciento de los pacientes consumía simultáneamente alcohol y cigarrillo y sólo el 23 por ciento eran alcohólicos puros. No es posible establecer relación causa-efecto entre consumo de licor y cáncer bucal, aunque se observa que es mayor el factor de riesgo cuando se consume simultáneamente alcohol y cigarrillo. Debe investigarse otro tipo de hábitos que puedan asociarse a la aparición de cáncer bucal debido al número alto de personas con la enfermedad y sin hábitos conocidos en nuestra población