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INTRODUCTION: To assess changes of choroidal thickness (ChT) after administration of 1% atropine for 1 week in myopia, emmetropia, and hyperopia children. METHODS: A total of 235 children aged 4-8 years, which included 46 myopia, 34 emmetropia, and 155 hyperopia patients were recruited and divided into three groups according to the spherical equivalent with the use of 1% atropine twice a day for 1 week. The ChT was measured at baseline and 1 week. RESULTS: In the myopia and emmetropia groups, following administration of 1% atropine gel, the ChT thickened significantly under the fovea (i.e., from 278.29 ± 53.01 µm to 308.24 ± 57.3 µm, P < 0.05; from 336.10 ± 78.60 µm to 353.46 ± 70.22 µm, P < 0.05, respectively) and at all intervals from the fovea, while in the hyperopia group, there was no significant difference in the ChT except the nasal side (P < 0.05) . CONCLUSION: Topical administration of 1% atropine gel for 1 week significantly increased the subfoveal and parafoveal ChT in children with myopia and emmetropia. Atropine did not increase the ChT in hyperopia children, except at the nasal side.
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INTRODUCTION: Myopia is an increasingly serious health problem in China. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of myopia and the factors associated with it among students in Nantong, China, to show the current status of myopia prevention. METHODS: This school-based, cross-sectional study examined students from all high schools in an urban area of Nantong, China. At least two classes were randomly selected from each grade of each school. A self-reported questionnaire was used to collect the required information.Univariate analyses were performed to identify associations between myopia and various parameters.Non-cycloplegic autorefraction and visual acuity were assessed for each student. Factors that were statistically significant in univariate analyses were selected for multivariate analyses. Myopia was defined as a spherical equivalent refraction of ≤ -0.5 diopters. RESULTS: The completion percentage of students out of the whole high school was 6.5%.The overall prevalence of myopia was 94%. The response percentage of the number of validated questionnaires was 90.2%, of which 50.2% (n = 1,466) were from male participants, and 49.8% (n = 1,452) were from female participants. The mean (SD) of age was 15.22±1.75 years, ranging from 12-18 years. Factors such as female sex, older age, parental myopia, sitting in the back of the classroom, increased homework time, and minimal outdoor activity were significantly associated with a higher risk of myopia (P < 0.05). In the myopic population, most students (67.9%) did not take measures to prevent further progression of myopia. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of myopia among high school students was 94%. Female sex, older age, parental myopia, sitting in the back of the classroom, increased homework time, and minimal outdoor activity were significantly associated with a higher risk of myopia. Most students with myopia (67.9%) did not take measures to prevent further progression of myopia.
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PURPOSE: To investigate the influences of atropine on changes in anterior segment geometry, as measured by ultrasound biomicroscopy in children. METHODS: A prospective observational study was performed. Anterior segment parameters were obtained by UBM before and after the instillation of 1% atropine. Univariate linear regression was performed to identify the variables contributing to the changes in the trabecular meshwork-iris angle (TIA). RESULTS: The study included 21 boys and 37 girls with a mean age of 10.79 ± 2.53 years. Anterior chamber parameters including the central anterior chamber depth, TIA, angle opening distance at 500 µm from the scleral spur, iris thickness 750 µm and 1500 µm from the scleral spur, trabecular-ciliary angle (TCA), trabecular-ciliary process distance, sclera-iris angle (SIA), and sclera-ciliary process angle significantly increased after cycloplegia (P < 0.05). In contrast, the lens vault, iris cross-sectional area, and maximum ciliary muscle thickness significantly decreased after cycloplegia. Univariate analysis identified the change in TCA and the change in SIA and the TIA before mydriasis as determinants of the change in TIA. CONCLUSIONS: Atropine causes statistically significant changes in various anterior segment parameters in children. The change in anterior chamber angle is associated with the change in TCA and the change in SIA and the TIA before mydriasis.
