The role of traditional NSAIDs and selective COX-2 inhibitors on COVID-19 outcomes: a real-world data study.

The relation between use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and severity of COVID-19 has been the subject to debate since the outbreak of the pandemic. Despite speculations about the possible harmful or protective effects, the position currently most supported by the scientific community is that there is no association between use of NSAIDs and COVID-19 outcomes. With the aim of contributing to increase the body of evidence on this issue, we conducted a case-control study using real-world data to investigate the association between prior use of NSAIDs, by active ingredient and type (traditional NSAIDs and selective COX-2 inhibitors), and important COVID-19-related outcomes, including susceptibility, PCR + patient progression, and hospitalisation. Our findings suggest that, in general, the use of traditional NSAIDs is not associated with any adverse COVID-19 outcome. However, we observed a possible association between diclofenac and a higher risk of PCR + patient progression. Our results also suggest that selective COX-2 inhibitors might be related with a reduction in the risk of PCR + patient progression. These results suggest that, with the possible exception of diclofenac, the use of NSAIDs should not be advised against for relief of symptoms in patients with COVID-19. In addition, they support the importance of continue to investigate the treatment potential of selective COX-2 inhibitors in the management of COVID-19, something that could have significant implications for the treatment of this disease and other viral infections.

Antifungal Activity of ZnO Nanoparticles Synthesized from Eichhornia crassipes Extract for Construction Applications.

Fungal growth on construction materials in tropical climates can degrade aesthetics and manifestations on modern and historical sick buildings, affecting the health of their inhabitants. This study synthesized ZnO nanoparticles with enhanced antifungal properties using a precipitation method. Different concentrations (25%, 50%, and 100%) of Eichhornia crassipes aqueous extract were used with Zn(NO3)2·6H2O as the precursor to evaluate their spectroscopic, morphological, textural, and antifungal properties. X-ray diffraction confirmed the hexagonal wurtzite phase of ZnO with crystallite sizes up to 20 nm. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy identified absorption bands at 426, 503, and 567 cm-1 for ZnO-100, ZnO-50, and ZnO-25, respectively. Nitrogen physisorption indicated a type II isotherm with macropores and a fractal dimension coefficient near 2 across all concentrations. Polydispersity index analysis showed that ZnO-50 had a higher PDI, indicating a broader size distribution, while ZnO-25 and ZnO-100 exhibited lower PDI values, reflecting uniform and monodisperse particle sizes. FESEM observations revealed semi-spherical ZnO morphologies prone to agglomeration, particularly in ZnO-25. Antifungal tests highlighted ZnO-25 as the most effective, especially against Phoma sp. with an MFC/MIC ratio of 78 µg/mL. Poisoned plate assays demonstrated over 50% inhibition at 312 µg/mL for all tested fungi, outperforming commercial antifungals. The results indicate that ZnO NPs synthesized using E. crassipes extract effectively inhibit fungal growth on construction materials. This procedure offers a practical approach to improving the durability of building aesthetics and may contribute to reducing the health risks associated with exposure to fungal compounds.

Francisco Sánchez, filósofo y médico gallego, precursor de la Medicina Basada en la Evidencia / Francisco Sánchez, Galician philosopher and medical doctor, precursor of Evidence Based Medicine

November 16 marked the 400th anniversary of the death, in Toulouse, of Francisco Sánchez de Sousa, known as "the Skeptic" or "the Tudense" who was, without a doubt, the most prestigious doctor and philosopher in the history of Galicia. With a versatile, multifaceted and cosmopolitan spirit, he represents the living incarnation of the Renaissance prototype of universal man. From a medical point of view, it could be said that our protagonist was a precursor of Evidence-Based Medicine, since he advocated a direct examination of things and submitting the data from the experience to analysis and critical judgment. The medical work of Francisco Sánchez is collected in a very heterogeneous conglomerate, published posthumously under the generic title of Opera Medica. It consists of a compilation of philosophical texts and a collection of various medical writings that includes notes, monographs, conferences, speeches and even notes for teaching. (AU)

El 16 de noviembre se cumplieron 400 años de la muerte, en Toulouse, de Francisco Sánchez de Sousa, conocido por “el Escéptico” o “el Tudense” que fue, sin duda alguna, el médico y filósofo más prestigioso de la historia de Galicia. De espíritu versátil, polifacético y cosmopolita, representa la encarnación viva del prototipo renacentista de hombre universal. Desde el punto de vista médico se podría decir que nuestro protagonista fue un precursor de la Medicina Basada en la Evidencia ya que propugnaba un examen directo de las cosas y someter los datos de la experiencia al análisis y al juicio crítico. La obra médica de Francisco Sánchez está recogida en un conglomerado muy heterogéneo, publicado de forma póstuma con el título genérico de Opera Medica. Consiste en una recopilación de textos filosóficos y una colección de diversos escritos médicos que incluye apuntes, monografías, conferencias, discursos e incluso notas para impartir la docencia. (AU)

Outpatient atorvastatin use and severe COVID-19 outcomes: A population-based study.

Evidence of the effect of statins on patients with coronavirus disease (2019) COVID-19 is inconsistent. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between chronic use of statins-both overall and by active ingredient-and severe outcomes of COVID-19 (risk of hospitalization and mortality), progression to severe outcomes, and susceptibility to the virus. We conducted a population-based case-control study with data from electronic records to assess the risk of (1) hospitalization: cases were patients admitted due to COVID-19 and controls were subjects without COVID-19; (2) mortality: cases were hospitalized patients who died due to COVID-19 and controls were subjects without COVID-19; (3) progression: cases were hospitalized COVID-19 subjects and controls were nonhospitalized COVID-19 patients; and (4) susceptibility: cases were patients with COVID-19 (both hospitalized and nonhospitalized) and controls were subjects without COVID-19. We collected data on 2821 hospitalized cases, 26 996 nonhospitalized cases, and 52 318 controls. Chronic use of atorvastatin was associated with a decreased risk of hospitalization (adjusted odds ratios [aOR] = 0.83; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.74-0.92) and mortality (aOR = 0.70; 95% CI: 0.53-0.93), attributable in part to a lower risk of susceptibility to the virus (aOR = 0.91; 95% CI: 0.86-0.96). Simvastatin was associated with a reduced risk of mortality (aOR = 0.59; 95% CI: 0.40-0.87). The wide degree of heterogeneity observed in the estimated odds ratios (ORs) of the different statins suggests that there is no class effect. The results of this real-world study suggest that chronic use of atorvastatin (and to a lesser degree, of simvastatin) is associated with a decrease in risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes.

Albendazole Release from Silica-Chitosan Nanospheres. In Vitro Study on Cervix Cancer Cell Lines.

In this work, a pH-responsive drug-carrier based on chitosan-silica nanospheres was developed as a carrier for Albendazole (ABZ), a poorly water-soluble anthelmintic drug. Spherical silica nanoparticles were obtained by Stöber method and further etched to obtain mesoporous particles with sizes ranging from 350 to 400 nm. The specific BET area of nanoparticles increased from 15 m2/g to 150 m2/g for etched silica, which also exhibited a uniform pore size distribution. X-ray powder diffraction showed the presence of amorphous phase of silica and a low-intensity peak attributed to ABZ for the drug-loaded nanoparticles. A uniform layer of chitosan was obtained ranging from 10 to 15 nm in thickness due to the small concentration of chitosan used (0.45 mg of chitosan/mg of SiO2). The in vitro evaluation of hybrid nanoparticles was performed using four cervical cancer cell lines CaSki, HeLa, SiHa and C33A, showing a significant reduction in cell proliferation (>85%) after 72 h. Therefore, we confirmed the encapsulation and bioavailability of the drug, which was released in a controlled way, and the presence of chitosan delayed the release, which could be of interest for the development of prolonged release drug delivery systems.

[Ethics Committee experience during COVID-19 emergency. A brief report.] / Experiencia de un Comité de Ética de la Investigación durante la pandemia por COVID-19.

OBJECTIVE: The health crisis caused by COVID-19 required the prompt launch of research in order to generate scientific evidence pertaining to the new disease oriented to control its devastating effects and continuous spread. Therefore, it was essential to adapt the work flow of Research Ethics Committees, to prioritize and to accelerate the evaluation of projects related to this disease. METHODS: This work analyses the evaluation conducted by our Regional Ethics Committees during the initial period of the health emergency (between 13th March and 28th May 2020). RESULTS: 81 research projects were evaluated, 73 of them of regional scope (62 single-centre), 4 national and 4 international. 57 projects obtained a favourable opinion, 4 were withdrawn by the sponsors, 6 did not require ethics approval and 14 did not respond to the clarifications requested up to the date of the study's closure. CONCLUSIONS: The most important research procedures to be analysed in this context are those related to the methodology and informed consent process. It is also essential to address aspects related to the privacy of personal data, and to take into account the workload of the researchers. As an improvement proposal, we think that greater collaboration between the different research teams should be encourage to obtain more robust results.

OBJETIVO: La crisis sanitaria motivada por la COVID-19 hace necesaria la puesta en marcha, con celeridad, de investigaciones encaminadas a generar evidencias científicas que incidan en el control de sus devastadores efectos. Por ello, fue necesario realizar ajustes en la dinámica de trabajo de los Comités de Ética de la Investigación, así como priorizar y agilizar la evaluación de los proyectos relacionados con dicha enfermedad. Este trabajo pretendió analizar la actividad la actividad evaluadora del Comité de Ética de la Investigación con Medicamentos de Galicia (CEIm-G) durante dicho período de emergencia sanitaria. METODOS: Se evaluaron 81 proyectos de investigación, 73 de ellos de ámbito autonómico (62 unicéntricos), 4 nacionales y 4 internacionales. RESULTADOS: En 57 proyectos el dictamen fue favorable, 4 fueron retirados por los promotores, en 6 no procedía dictamen y 14 no respondieron a las aclaraciones solicitadas hasta la fecha del cierre del estudio. CONCLUSIONES: Las causas más frecuentes de solicitud de aclaraciones están relacionadas con la metodología y, a continuación, con la hoja de información al paciente y el consentimiento informado. También es imprescindible abordar los aspectos relacionados con la intimidad de los datos personales y las muestras, e igualmente tener en cuenta la carga de trabajo de los investigadores. Como propuesta de mejora, consideramos que se debe incidir en una mayor coordinación entre los diferentes equipos de investigación para tratar de obtener resultados más robustos.

Aportes sobre el editorial: «Importancia de los Comités de Ética en la Investigación en Medicina de Familia» / Contributions on the editorial: "Importance of Research Ethics Committees in Family Medicine"

No disponible

Regular dental attendance and periodontal health knowledge: A cross-sectional survey.

OBJECTIVES: To explore dental clinics' performance on periodontal education by comparing knowledge about periodontal health of regular and inconsistent dental attenders. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A population-based study with a cross-sectional design was performed in Galicia (Northwestern Spain). Participants were randomly selected from 16 different areas and a questionnaire applied face-to-face. The survey included items on socio-demographic features, habits and routines, periodontal status and periodontal health knowledge. Participants were grouped according to the median of overall knowledge, and a logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the relationship between good periodontal knowledge and frequency of dental visits. RESULTS: A total of 8,206 individuals were invited to enter the study, and 3,553 of them accepted the invitation (43.3%). Most participants (59.3%; n = 1,945) fit within the regular dental attenders' group. Younger women holding a university degree and visiting their dentist regularly elicited higher knowledge about periodontal health. Regular use of dental services increased the chances of being in the higher knowledge group (OR: 1.67; 95% CI: 1.40-2.00). CONCLUSIONS: Reported regular dental attendance is related to periodontal health knowledge. Specific interventions for promoting tailored patient education on periodontal topics during routine dental visits may have a positive effect on laypersons' knowledge about periodontal health.

Experiencia de un comité de ética de la investigación durante la pandemia por COVID-19 / Ethics Committee experience during COVID-19 emergency. A brief report

OBJETIVO: La crisis sanitaria motivada por la COVID-19 hace necesaria la puesta en marcha, con celeridad, de investigaciones encaminadas a generar evidencias científicas que incidan en el control de sus devastadores efectos. Por ello, fue necesario realizar ajustes en la dinámica de trabajo de los Comités de Ética de la Investigación, así como priorizar y agilizar la evaluación de los proyectos relacionados con dicha enfermedad. Este trabajo pretendió analizar la actividad la actividad evaluadora del Comité de Ética de la Investigación con Medicamentos de Galicia (CEIm-G) durante dicho período de emergencia sanitaria. MÉTODOS: Se evaluaron 81 proyectos de investigación, 73 de ellos de ámbito autonómico (62 unicéntricos), 4 nacionales y 4 internacionales. RESULTADOS: En 57 proyectos el dictamen fue favorable, 4 fueron retirados por los promotores, en 6 no procedía dictamen y 14 no respondieron a las aclaraciones solicitadas hasta la fecha del cierre del estudio. CONCLUSIONES: Las causas más frecuentes de solicitud de aclaraciones están relacionadas con la metodología y, a continuación, con la hoja de información al paciente y el consentimiento informado. También es imprescindible abordar los aspectos relacionados con la intimidad de los datos personales y las muestras, e igualmente tener en cuenta la carga de trabajo de los investigadores. Como propuesta de mejora, consideramos que se debe incidir en una mayor coordinación entre los diferentes equipos de investigación para tratar de obtener resultados más robustos

OBJECTIVE: The health crisis caused by COVID-19 required the prompt launch of research in order to generate scientific evidence pertaining to the new disease oriented to control its devastating effects and continuous spread. Therefore, it was essential to adapt the work flow of Research Ethics Committees, to prioritize and to accelerate the evaluation of projects related to this disease. METHODS: This work analyses the evaluation conducted by our Regional Ethics Committees during the initial period of the health emergency (between 13th March and 28th May 2020). RESULTS: 81 research projects were evaluated, 73 of them of regional scope (62 single-centre), 4 national and 4 international. 57 projects obtained a favourable opinion, 4 were withdrawn by the sponsors, 6 did not require ethics approval and 14 did not respond to the clarifications requested up to the date of the study's closure. CONCLUSIONS: The most important research procedures to be analysed in this context are those related to the methodology and informed consent process. It is also essential to address aspects related to the privacy of personal data, and to take into account the workload of the researchers. As an improvement proposal, we think that greater collaboration between the different research teams should be encourage to obtain more robust results

Family nurses, oral hygiene, and educational implications: a cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVE: To describe family nurses self-reported oral hygiene practices and to compare them with those of their potential patients in a public, free, and universal primary healthcare system. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cross-sectional study using an anonymous questionnaire applied to randomly selected participants and their family nurses. RESULTS: A total of 1,394 people entered the study (1,326 laypersons, 66 nurses). Not all nurses reported to brush their teeth daily. Daily interdental cleaning scored percentages lower than mouthwashes. Devices like oral irrigators or tongue scrappers were not used by family nurses. CONCLUSIONS: Nurses' oral self-care routines are similar to those of university graduates, with poor reported interdental cleaning. Oral health promotion activities may contribute to nurse's oral health and could have a positive effect on their patients.

Error humano, seguridad del paciente y formación en medicina / Human error, patient safety and medical training

A pesar de que se tiene la expectativa de que los médicos deben de tener una fiabilidad diagnóstica y terapéutica del 100%, lo cierto es que la condición humana está ligada al error en cualquier actividad y el ejercicio práctico de la medicina no es la excepción, ya que, por naturaleza, es una ciencia imperfecta, y la expectativa de la perfección no es ni realista ni posible. Esto no quiere decir que no se pueda hacer nada para disminuir la frecuencia y mitigar las consecuencias de los errores médicos. La complejidad de las organizaciones sanitarias y de los procesos de salud ha llevado a considerar que, para garantizar la calidad de los cuidados y la seguridad de los pacientes, son necesarios nuevos modelos de entrenamiento de los profesionales sanitarios. En la situación actual, la seguridad del paciente es uno de los nuevos desafíos que debe afrontar la educación médica tanto en el pregrado como en el posgrado. Esto pasa por incorporar la cultura de la seguridad del paciente a los planes de formación de los médicos residentes en particular y de otras profesiones sanitarias en general. El presente artículo es una revisión sobre este tema

Despite of the expectation that physicians must have a diagnostic and therapeutic reliability of 100%, the truth is that the human condition is linked to error in any activity and the practical exercise of medicine is no exception, as it is by nature imperfect science, and the expectation of perfection is neither realistic nor possible. This does not mean that nothing can be done to decrease the frequency and mitigate the consequences of medical errors. The complexity of health organizations and health processes has led us to consider that, in order to guarantee the quality of care and patient safety, new models of training of health professionals are needed. In the current situation, patient safety is one of the new challenges facing medical education in undergraduate and posgraduate courses. This involves incorporating the culture of patient safety into the training plans of resident physicians in particular and other health professions in general. This article is a review on this topic

Periodontal awareness and what it actually means: A cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVES: To assess periodontal awareness among laypersons, to characterize the very aware of periodontitis and to disclose whether high awareness implies sufficient periodontal knowledge. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Cross-sectional study on laypersons randomly selected by quota sampling from March 2015 to June 2016. The questionnaire of periodontal awareness included aspects of aetiology, risk factors, signs and symptoms, related risks, prevention, treatment and related attitudes. It was applied by 12 interviewers in the community in each four province capitals, in a sort of pathfinder survey method. RESULTS: A 43.3% response rate was obtained, and 3,553 people entered the study. "Very aware": 19.4%. "Aware": 42.7%. "Not aware": 37.9%. Age, oral self-care and educational achievements characterized those "very aware." Any additional degree beyond compulsory education halves the chances for being "not periodontally aware." Very aware people likely to have periodontitis were elder, less educated, with a smoking history and less knowledge of the disease. Gaps of knowledge among the "very aware" were identified in all aspects except for "prevention" and "treatment.". CONCLUSIONS: Very periodontally aware people were in their late 40-60 s, followed sound oral care routines and held a degree but elicited insufficient knowledge about aetiology, signs-symptoms, related risks or periodontal risk factors.

A segurança do paciente, qualidade do atendimento e ética dos sistemas de saúde / Patient safety, quality of care and ethics of health organizations / Seguridad del paciente, calidad asistencial y ética professional

Resumo Em 1999, o relatório "Errar é humano: construir um sistema de saúde mais seguro" do Instituto de Medicina dos Estados Unidos concluiu que a atividade de atendimento especializado não era uma prática infalível e que havia maior probabilidade de causar eventos adversos. Para reduzir os danos dos sistemas de cuidados de saúde, os países desenvolvidos concentraram seu interesse nos cidadãos a partir dos primeiros anos do século XXI. Todas as estratégias de modernização terão como objetivo melhorar a qualidade do atendimento. Nesse contexto, a segurança do paciente é um componente-chave da qualidade assistencial. Em 2003, o Hastings Center publicou o relatório "Promover a segurança do paciente: uma base ética para a deliberação de políticas", que faz uma reflexão ética das obrigações morais subjacentes à cultura de segurança desenvolvida na sequência da publicação do relatório "Errar é humano".

Abstract The "To err is human: building a safer health system" report from the United States Institute of Medicine in 1999 concluded that skilled care activity was not infallible and was likely to cause adverse events. From the early years of the twenty-first century developed countries have focused their interest on citizens in order to reduce the damage of health care systems. All modernization strategies will aim to improve the quality of care. In this context, patient safety is a key component of quality of care. In 2003 the Hastings Center published the report "Promoting patient safety: an ethical basis for policy deliberation", which provides an ethical reflection on the moral obligations underlying the safety culture developed following the publication of the report To err is human.

Resumen En 1999, el informe "Errar es humano: construir un sistema de salud más seguro" del Instituto de Medicina de los Estados Unidos llegaba a la conclusión de que la especializada actividad asistencial no era una práctica infalible y había supuesto una mayor probabilidad de ocasionar eventos adversos. Para aminorar los daños derivados de la atención sanitaria, los sistemas sanitarios de los países desarrollados centrarán su interés en el ciudadano a partir de los primeros años del siglo XXI. Todas las estrategias de modernización tendrán como objetivo la mejora de la calidad asistencial. En ese contexto, un componente fundamental de la calidad lo constituye la seguridad del paciente. En 2003, el Hastings Center publicó el informe Promoviendo la "Seguridad del paciente: una base ética para la deliberación de políticas", que realiza una reflexión ética de las obligaciones morales que subyacen en la cultura de seguridad desarrollada tras la publicación del informe "Errar es humano".

[Prevalence of risk eating behaviors and metabolic syndrome in teenage school students of Morelos state]. / Prevalencia de conductas alimentarias de riesgo y síndrome metabólico en escolares adolescentes del estado de Morelos.

INTRODUCTION: metabolic syndrome (MS) is a health problem associated with diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The prevalence of MS in adolescents from Morelos is unknown. Certain risk eating behaviors (REB) may be associated with this phenotype. OBJECTIVE: to determine the prevalence of MS in adolescents and its association with REB. METHODS: cross-sectional study in junior high schools and high schools from Morelos. Anthropometric, clinical data, perception of body image and REB were investigated. MS was diagnosed with international criteria for adolescents and their association with REB was analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was utilized to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORadj) and 95% confidence intervals (CI95). RESULTS: a total of 869 adolescents aged 14.6 ± 1.6 years were studied. They reported 2.6 ± 1.8 REB; the overall score was 5.9 ± 0.33. The 16.6% presented moderate or high REB risk. The prevalence of MS (6.7%) was associated with the REB score (OR 1.2 [1.1-1.3]), a value that remained after adjusting for age, sex, breakfast omission, residence region, perception of body image and background family of obesity, diabetes, hypertension or infarction (ODHI), ORadj 1.2 (1.1-1.3), pseudo R2 = 0.14, Chi-squared 16.7, p < 0.03. CONCLUSION: MS was more frequent in men, who were perceived to be thinner and with two or more family history of ODHI. It is suggested to influence the self-perception of overweight or obesity, to educate about compulsive behaviors, undergo diets, fasting and exercise to prevent MS.

Introducción: el síndrome metabólico (SM) es un problema de salud asociado a diabetes y enfermedades cardiovasculares. Se desconoce la prevalencia de SM en adolescentes del estado de Morelos. Ciertas conductas alimentarias de riesgo (CAR) podrían estar asociadas a ese fenotipo.Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia de SM en adolescentes y su asociación con las CAR.Métodos: estudio transversal en escuelas secundarias y preparatorias de Morelos. Se investigaron datos antropométricos, clínicos, percepción de la imagen corporal y de las CAR. El SM se diagnosticó con criterios internacionales para adolescentes y se analizó su asociación con las CAR. Mediante análisis de regresión logística se estimaron razones de momios (RM) e intervalos de confianza al 95% (IC95).Resultados: fueron estudiados 869 adolescentes de 14,6 ± 1,6 años. Reportaron 2,6 ± 1,8 CAR; el puntaje global fue 5,9 ± 0,33. El 16,6% presentaba riesgo CAR moderado o alto. La prevalencia de SM (6,7%) estuvo asociada al puntaje de CAR, RM 1,2 (1,1-1,3), valor que permaneció después de ajustar por edad, sexo, omisión del desayuno, región de residencia, percepción de la imagen corporal y de antecedentes familiares de obesidad, diabetes, hipertensión o infarto (ODHI), RMaj 1,2 (1,1-1,3), pseudo R2 = 0,14, Chi cuadrado 16,7, p < 0,03.Conclusión: el SM fue más frecuente en hombres, que se percibían más delgados y con dos o más antecedentes familiares ODHI. Se sugiere incidir sobre la autopercepción del sobrepeso u obesidad y educar sobre conductas compulsivas, seguimiento de dietas, ayunos y ejercicio para prevenir el SM.

Prevalencia de conductas alimentarias de riesgo y síndrome metabólico en escolares adolescentes del estado de morelos / Prevalence of risk eating behaviors and metabolic syndrome in teenage school students of Morelos state

Introducción: el síndrome metabólico (SM) es un problema de salud asociado a diabetes y enfermedades cardiovasculares. Se desconoce la prevalencia de SM en adolescentes del estado de Morelos. Ciertas conductas alimentarias de riesgo (CAR) podrían estar asociadas a ese fenotipo. Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia de SM en adolescentes y su asociación con las CAR. Métodos: estudio transversal en escuelas secundarias y preparatorias de Morelos. Se investigaron datos antropométricos, clínicos, percepción de la imagen corporal y de las CAR. El SM se diagnosticó con criterios internacionales para adolescentes y se analizó su asociación con las CAR. Mediante análisis de regresión logística se estimaron razones de momios (RM) e intervalos de confianza al 95% (IC95).Resultados: fueron estudiados 869 adolescentes de 14,6 ± 1,6 años. Reportaron 2,6 ± 1,8 CAR; el puntaje global fue 5,9 ± 0,33. El 16,6% presentaba riesgo CAR moderado o alto. La prevalencia de SM (6,7%) estuvo asociada al puntaje de CAR, RM 1,2 (1,1-1,3), valor que permaneció después de ajustar por edad, sexo, omisión del desayuno, región de residencia, percepción de la imagen corporal y de antecedentes familiares de obesidad, diabetes, hipertensión o infarto (ODHI), RMaj 1,2 (1,1-1,3), pseudo R2 = 0,14, Chi cuadrado 16,7, p < 0,03.Conclusión: el SM fue más frecuente en hombres, que se percibían más delgados y con dos o más antecedentes familiares ODHI. Se sugiere incidir sobre la autopercepción del sobrepeso u obesidad y educar sobre conductas compulsivas, seguimiento de dietas, ayunos y ejercicio para prevenir el SM

Introduction: metabolic syndrome (MS) is a health problem associated with diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The prevalence of MS in adolescents from Morelos is unknown. Certain risk eating behaviors (REB) may be associated with this phenotype. Objective: to determine the prevalence of MS in adolescents and its association with REB. Methods: cross-sectional study in junior high schools and high schools from Morelos. Anthropometric, clinical data, perception of body image and REB were investigated. MS was diagnosed with international criteria for adolescents and their association with REB was analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was utilized to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORadj) and 95% confidence intervals (CI95). Results: a total of 869 adolescents aged 14.6 ± 1.6 years were studied. They reported 2.6 ± 1.8 REB; the overall score was 5.9 ± 0.33. The 16.6% presented moderate or high REB risk. The prevalence of MS (6.7%) was associated with the REB score (OR 1.2 [1.1-1.3]), a value that remained after adjusting for age, sex, breakfast omission, residence region, perception of body image and background family of obesity, diabetes, hypertension or infarction (ODHI), ORadj 1.2 (1.1-1.3), pseudo R2 = 0.14, Chi-squared 16.7, p < 0.03. Conclusion: MS was more frequent in men, who were perceived to be thinner and with two or more family history of ODHI. It is suggested to influence the self-perception of overweight or obesity, to educate about compulsive behaviors, undergo diets, fasting and exercise to prevent MS

Primary care physicians and nurses: Targets for basic periodontal education.

BACKGROUND: Early diagnosis may improve patients' quality of life and reduce the lifelong social and financial burden inherent to treatment. Growing evidence supports the importance of a healthy periodontium in systemic health. Diagnosis depends on the patient and the healthcare professional. As many patients seek physicians' advice first, this study aims at assessing periodontal knowledge in a general population and their primary care physicians and nurses. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study using an anonymous questionnaire applied to randomly selected laypersons (March to June 2016), and to physicians and nurses at their workplaces (October to December 2016) in Ourense, Spain. Sample size for the general population was determined by quota sampling. RESULTS: A total of 1,469 people entered the study. All healthcare workers and 624 (47.1%) laypersons were familiar with periodontitis. Bacterial etiology of periodontitis was recognized by 25 (4%) laypersons, 23 (34.3%) physicians, and 11 (16.6%) nurses. The following periodontal problems were experienced: 1) gingival redness: laypersons 14.4%, physicians 16.4%, and nurses 21.2%; 2) gingival bleeding: laypersons 22.2%, physicians 50.7%, and nurses 50%; 3) tooth mobility: laypersons 34.9%, physicians 7.4%, and nurses 6%; and 4) bleeding while toothbrushing: laypersons 44.3%, physicians 8.9%, and nurses 15.1%. More than a third of laypersons (37%) think periodontitis is related to other health problems, together with 53% of physicians and 47% of nurses. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show a low degree of periodontal knowledge both amongst the public and their primary care physicians and nurses and unveil unreliable targets (primary healthcare workers) for educational interventions to improve early diagnosis and treatment of periodontal disorders.

La cultura de seguridad del paciente en los médicos internos residentes de Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria de Galicia / Patient safety culture in Family practice residents of Galicia

OBJETIVO: Determinar la percepción que tienen los médicos residentes de Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria (MFyC) sobre las diferentes dimensiones de la seguridad del paciente para identificar posibles áreas de mejora. DISEÑO: Estudio transversal descriptivo por encuesta.Emplazamiento: Las 7 unidades docentes de MFyC de Galicia. PARTICIPANTES: Se incluyó a 182 médicos residentes de MFyC que contestaron el cuestionario Medical Office Survey on Patient Safety Culture. Mediciones: Se eligió el cuestionario Medical Office Survey on Patient Safety Culture porque está traducido, validado y adaptado al modelo de atención primaria español. Los resultados se agruparon en las 12 dimensiones que evalúa dicho cuestionario. Las variables del estudio fueron las dimensiones del cuestionario y las variables sociodemográficas/laborales de los profesionales: edad, sexo, año de residencia y unidades docentes de MFyC. RESULTADOS: Las dimensiones «Aprendizaje organizacional» y «Trabajo en equipo» se consideraron áreas fuertes. En cambio, las dimensiones «Aspectos relacionados con la seguridad del paciente y la calidad», «Intercambio de información con otros dispositivos asistenciales» y «Ritmo y carga de trabajo» se consideraron áreas con un importante potencial de mejora. Los residentes de primer año obtuvieron los mejores resultados y los de cuarto, los peores. CONCLUSIONES: Los resultados nos indican posiblemente la necesidad de incluir durante el proceso docente conocimientos básicos entre los profesionales en formación con el objetivo de incrementar y consolidar la frágil cultura de seguridad del paciente que se describe en este estudio

OBJECTIVE: To determine the views held by Family practice (FP) residents on the different dimensions of patient safety, in order to identify potential areas for improvement. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. LOCATION: Seven FP of Galicia teaching units. PARTICIPANTS: 182 FP residents who completed the Medical Office Survey on Patient Safety Culture questionnaire. Measurements: The Medical Office Survey on Patient Safety Culture questionnaire was chosen because it is translated, validated, and adapted to the Spanish model of Primary Care. The results were grouped into 12 composites assessed by the mentioned questionnaire. The study variables were the socio-demographic dimensions of the questionnaire, as well as occupational/professional variables: age, gender, year of residence, and teaching unit of FP of Galicia. RESULTS: The «Organisational learning» and «Teamwork» items were considered strong areas. However, the «Patient safety and quality issues", «Information exchange with other settings», and «Work pressure and pace» items were considered areas with significant potential for improvement. First-year residents obtained the best results and the fourth-year ones the worst. CONCLUSIONS: The results may indicate the need to include basic knowledge on patient safety in the teaching process of FP residents in order to increase and consolidate the fragile patient safety culture described in this study

[Patient safety culture in Family practice residents of Galicia]. / La cultura de seguridad del paciente en los médicos internos residentes de Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria de Galicia.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the views held by Family practice (FP) residents on the different dimensions of patient safety, in order to identify potential areas for improvement. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. LOCATION: Seven FP of Galicia teaching units. PARTICIPANTS: 182 FP residents who completed the Medical Office Survey on Patient Safety Culture questionnaire. MEASUREMENTS: The Medical Office Survey on Patient Safety Culture questionnaire was chosen because it is translated, validated, and adapted to the Spanish model of Primary Care. The results were grouped into 12 composites assessed by the mentioned questionnaire. The study variables were the socio-demographic dimensions of the questionnaire, as well as occupational/professional variables: age, gender, year of residence, and teaching unit of FP of Galicia. RESULTS: The "Organisational learning" and "Teamwork" items were considered strong areas. However, the "Patient safety and quality issues", "Information exchange with other settings", and "Work pressure and pace" items were considered areas with significant potential for improvement. First-year residents obtained the best results and the fourth-year ones the worst. CONCLUSIONS: The results may indicate the need to include basic knowledge on patient safety in the teaching process of FP residents in order to increase and consolidate the fragile patient safety culture described in this study.

In vitro evaluation of apoptotic effect of bis(acetylacetonato-k2 O,O')(1,10-phenanthroline-k2 N,N')Zn(II) complex.

Phenanthroline derivatives have been reported as potential bioactive compounds because of their ability to interact with DNA. To evaluate the antiproliferative effect of bis(acetylacetonate-k2 O,O)(1,10-phenanthroline-k2 N,N)Zn(II) or Zn(acac)2 (phen) complex, the compound was obtained in a simple manner and further characterized to determine crystal structure, thermal behavior, morphology, and spectroscopic properties. The structure of the complex was confirmed by X-ray single structure as well as by 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in dmso-d6 (dimethyl sulfoxide) solution and in the solid state by 13C CP/MAS. Although preparation of this compound has been described previously, there are no reports on its biological activity; here, we assessed its antiproliferative effect on fibroblasts, A253, FaDu, Cal-27, RH-30, RD, U-373, C6, A-549, MDA-MB-231, and MCF-7 cancer cell lines at different doses (50-100 and 150 µg/ml). The cell viability was determined by MTT assay and high activity was observed for the most of the cell lines, and TUNEL results showed the induction of apoptosis.