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INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Colorectal cancer is the most frequent malignant tumor of the digestive system. Its pathogeny is complex and involves the APC/ß-catenin sequence. Lymph node metastases are a significant indicator for determining treatment and are a prognostic factor. SOX9 overexpression is related to oncogenic qualities and the capacity for metastasis. Our aim was to analyze SOX9 immunoexpression in primary colorectal cancer and lymph node metastasis status. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Seventy-nine available cases were divided into the group with lymph node metastasis (n=38) and the group without lymph node metastasis (n=41), evaluating their SOX9 expression. The IBM SPSS version 27 program in Spanish was utilized to carry out the statistical analysis, obtaining measures of central tendency, the kappa index, standard deviation, Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney nonparametric measurements, Spearman's correlation coefficient, and chi-square test and Student's t test values. SOX9 immunoexpression was evaluated through the mean-based H-score, with high immunoexpression as a score ≥145 and low immunoexpression as a score ≤144. RESULTS: A p=0.73 was obtained that was not statistically significant, regarding the relation of SOX9 expression in primary colorectal cancer to lymph node metastasis. CONCLUSIONS: The absence or presence of lymph node metastasis was independent from SOX9 immunoexpression in primary colorectal cancer. However, due to the limited size of the population analyzed, further research is needed.
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The objective was to evaluate the behavior of melon genotypes (Cucumis melo L.) in the physical, chemical and biochemical quality of melon fruits as a function of electrical conductivity irrigation water levels (ECw). The experimental design adopted was randomized blocks in a 5 x 3 factorial scheme with five replications. The first factor was represented by five salinity levels (0.5, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, and 6.0 dS m-1) and the second factor by accessions A35, and A24, and the hybrid Sancho. The physical, chemical and biochemical variables showed a reduction in production, with smaller fruits, with less weight, smaller cavity, with increased pulp thickness for Sancho. Vitamin C and yellow flavonoids increased indicating antioxidant power against ROS. The genotypes showed similar post-harvest behavior, however, the hybrid Sancho stood out over the others, possibly because it is an improved material. Accession A24 presented physiological and biochemical responses that classify it as intolerant.
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Frutas , Salinidad , Frutas/química , Genotipo , Cucumis melo/fisiología , Cucumis melo/clasificación , Riego Agrícola , Cucurbitaceae/clasificación , Cucurbitaceae/fisiología , Cucurbitaceae/genética , Antioxidantes/análisisRESUMEN
Among disabling post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) are irritability, aggressive behavior, distressing memories and general impaired cognition and negative mood. Art therapy interventions, including mask-making, can potentially alleviate these symptoms. We tested the hypothesis that art conveys emotions and predicted that blinded viewers would be able to perceive changes in theoretically derived emotional profiles expressed in art made by military personnel with PTSS from the onset to the end of therapy. Five service members and veterans exhibiting PTSS were enrolled in an 8-session art therapy protocol, during which they artistically transformed papier-mâché masks at the beginning and end of the protocol. We found that blinded viewers without knowledge of the masks' creation stage (onset or end of therapy) read initial masks as conveying more negative emotions (e.g., angry, upset, and challenged) and later masks as conveying more positive emotions (calm and pleasure). Based on the assessments from the blinded evaluators, we infer the emotional transition experienced by the participants was expressed in the masks. In an exploratory arm of the study, we also found that viewers were better able to empathize with the negative emotions experienced by participants with PTSS when asked to explicitly take their perspective.
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Arteterapia , Personal Militar , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático , Veteranos , Humanos , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático/psicología , Genio IrritableRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Premature births are a health problem arising in triplet pregnancies, resulting in high levels of morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study is to evaluate the utility of cervical pessaries in reducing prematurity (<34 weeks) in triplet pregnancies. METHODS: This is a single-center, retrospective case-control study regarding triplet pregnancies with follow-up at the La Paz University Hospital between 2000 and 2023. Maternal characteristics, obstetric and perinatal outcomes, and the use of cervical pessaries were examined. RESULTS: 165 triplet pregnancies were analyzed: 87 (52.7 %) in the case group (premature triplet pregnancies) and 78 in the control group (non-premature triplet pregnancies). A cervical pessary was inserted in 15 (17.2 %) triplet pregnancies in the case group and in 12 (16.7 %) triplet pregnancies in the control group (p = 0.92; OR = 1.04 (0.46-2.35)). A pessary was later inserted in the non-premature group (p = 0.01). The risk of preterm labor and the use of tocolytics ± glucocorticoids were found to be significantly more frequent in the premature group, with p = 0.01; OR = 2.30 (1.21-4.36) and p < 0.01; OR = 2.36 (1.23-4.44), respectively. Protocol-based cesarean sections were more frequent in the non-premature group (p < 0.01), while cesarean sections due to maternal complications (p < 0.01) and premature membrane rupture (p < 0.01) were more frequent in the premature group. CONCLUSION: The cervical pessary is not useful in preventing preterm births (< 34 weeks) in triplet pregnancies. It is likely that being pregnant with triplets is a powerful independent factor associated with prematurity, despite other pregnancy conditions. Women who are pregnant with triplets and at risk of preterm labor and those taking tocolytics ± glucocorticoids may benefit from pessary insertion.
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Trabajo de Parto Prematuro , Embarazo Triple , Nacimiento Prematuro , Tocolíticos , Embarazo , Recién Nacido , Femenino , Humanos , Nacimiento Prematuro/prevención & control , Estudios Retrospectivos , Pesarios , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Cuello del ÚteroRESUMEN
PURPOSE: After standard treatment for glioblastoma, perfusion MRI remains challenging for differentiating tumor progression from post-treatment changes. Our objectives were (1) to correlate rCBV values at diagnosis and at first tumor progression and (2) to analyze the relationship of rCBV values at tumor recurrence with enhancing volume, localization of tumor progression, and time elapsed since the end of radiotherapy in tumor recurrence. METHODS: Inclusion criteria were (1) age > 18 years, (2) histologically confirmed glioblastoma treated with STUPP regimen, and (3) tumor progression according to RANO criteria > 12 weeks after radiotherapy. Co-registration of segmented enhancing tumor VOIs with dynamic susceptibility contrast perfusion MRI was performed using Olea Sphere software. For tumor recurrence, we correlated rCBV values with enhancing tumor volume, with recurrence localization, and with time elapsed from the end of radiotherapy to progression. Analyses were performed with SPSS software. RESULTS: Sixty-four patients with glioblastoma were included in the study. Changes in rCBV values between diagnosis and first tumor progression were significant (p < 0.001), with a mean and median decreases of 32% and 46%, respectively. Mean rCBV values were also different (p < 0.01) when tumors progressed distally (radiation field rCBV values of 1.679 versus 3.409 distally). However, changes and, therefore, low rCBV values after radiotherapy in tumor recurrence were independent of time. CONCLUSION: Chemoradiation alters tumor perfusion and rCBV values may be decreased in the setting of tumor progression. Changes in rCBV values with respect to diagnosis, with low rCBV in tumor progression, are independent of time but related to the site of recurrence.
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Neoplasias Encefálicas , Glioblastoma , Humanos , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Glioblastoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Glioblastoma/radioterapia , Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Encefálicas/radioterapia , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/diagnóstico por imagen , Medios de Contraste , Quimioradioterapia , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodosRESUMEN
RESEARCH QUESTION: Is there a difference in maternal, fetal, obstetric and neonatal outcomes for triplet pregnancies when comparing in vivo conceptions with those conceived by assisted reproductive technology (ART)? DESIGN: This single-centre, retrospective cohort study included all triplet pregnancies followed up at La Paz University Hospital, Madrid between 2000 and 2022. The characteristics of the pregnant women, and maternal, fetal, obstetric and perinatal outcomes were examined. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were performed. RESULTS: In total, 234 triplet pregnancies were analysed: 92 in the natural and assisted insemination conception group (in-vivo conception) and 142 in the in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection conception group (ART conception). ART triplet pregnancies were more common between 2000 and 2010 (Pâ¯=â¯0.003). The percentage of monochorionic triamniotic pregnancies was significantly higher (Pâ¯=â¯0.02) in the in-vivo conception group, and the percentage of dichorionic triamniotic pregnancies was significantly higher (Pâ¯=â¯0.003) in the ART conception group. After adjusting for confounders, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) remained significantly more common in the ART conception group (adjusted odds ratio 8.65, 95% CI 1.66-45.03; Pâ¯=â¯0.01). Differences in maternal age (Pâ¯=â¯0.61), threatened preterm labour (Pâ¯=â¯0.10), Apgar score ≤5 at 5 min (Pâ¯=â¯0.99), umbilical cord pH <7.20 (Pâ¯=â¯0.99) and fetal death (Pâ¯=â¯0.99) disappeared after adjustment for confounders. CONCLUSION: ART triplet pregnancies had a higher rate of IUGR than in vivo triplet pregnancies. This could be related to higher maternal age, and higher rates of Apgar score ≤5 at 5 min and umbilical cord pH <7.20 in these pregnancies. In these cases, placental examination could provide valuable information.
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Embarazo Triple , Inyecciones de Esperma Intracitoplasmáticas , Recién Nacido , Embarazo , Femenino , Masculino , Humanos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Placenta , Semen , Técnicas Reproductivas Asistidas , Fertilización In Vitro , Resultado del Embarazo/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Corncob (CC) based solar evaporators were employed to desalinize seawater brought from the Vallarta coast in Mexico. The pure CC produced an evaporation-rate and evaporation-efficiency of 0.63 kg m-2 h-1 and 38.4%, respectively, under natural solar light. Later, the CC was coated with carbonized CC (CCCE evaporator) or was coated with graphene (CCGE evaporator). Those evaporators were used for the desalination of seawater and obtained higher evaporation rates of 1.59-1.67 kg m-2 h-1, and higher evaporation efficiencies of 92-94% (under natural solar light). The desalination experiments were repeated under artificial solar light and the evaporation-rates/evaporation-efficiencies slightly decreased to 1.43-1.52 kg m-2 h-1/88-92%. The surface analysis of the evaporators by FTIR, XPS and Raman revealed that the CCGE evaporator had on its surface a lower content of defects and a higher amount of OH groups than the CCCE evaporator. Therefore, the CCGE evaporator had higher evaporation-rates/evaporation-efficiencies in comparison with the CCCE evaporator. Furthermore, we purified water contaminated with three different herbicides (fomesafen, 2-6 dichlorobenzamide and 4-chlorophenol at 30 ppm) by evaporation and using natural solar light. Interestingly, the CCCE and CCGE evaporators also removed the herbicides by physical adsorption with efficiencies of 12-22.5%. Moreover, the CCGE evaporator removed vegetable oil from contaminated water by adsorption and its maximum adsorption capacity was 1.72 g/g. Overall, our results demonstrated that the corncob-based evaporators studied here are a low-cost alternative to obtain clean water under natural solar light and this one was more effective for the desalination of seawater than the artificial sunlight (Xe lamp).
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Herbicidas , Zea mays , Agua de Mar , Agua , Luz SolarRESUMEN
This study investigates the role of floating plastics as integrative samplers of organic contaminants. To this end, plastics items were collected in two Western Mediterranean coastal areas: the Mar Menor lagoon, and the last transect of Ebro river. Floating plastics were identified and characterized by attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry. Then, organic contaminants were extracted from plastic items by ultrasonic extraction with methanol, and the concentrations of 168 regulated and emerging contaminants were analysed. These compounds were analysed by stir bar sorptive extraction coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), except for bisphenol analogues, which were analysed with a ultraperformance liquid chromatography pump coupled to a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (UHPLC-MS/MS), and pharmaceutical compounds, determined by UPLC coupled to hybrid triple quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometer (UPLC-MS/MS). All the contaminants groups considered were detected in the samples, being particularly relevant the contribution of plastic additives. The most frequently detected contaminants were UV-filters, PAHs, pharmaceuticals and synthetic musks. Apart from plasticizers, the individual contaminants octocrylene, homosalate, galaxolide, salycilic acid and ketoprofen were frequently detected in plastics items. The results pointed out to urban and touristic activities as the main sources of pollution in the coastal areas investigated. The utility of floating plastics as integrative samplers for the detection of organic contaminants in aquatic ecosystems has been demonstrated.
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Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua , Cromatografía Liquida , Ecosistema , Cromatografía de Gases y Espectrometría de Masas , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisis , Plásticos/análisisRESUMEN
In the present research work, the photocatalytic evaluation of NiTiO3 nanoparticles immobilized on glass plates by the spin-coating procedure was carried out in the degradation of the recalcitrant herbicide 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM). The concentrations of Ni employed to synthesize NiTiO3 nanoparticles were 1 wt% (1TESNi) and 2 wt% (2TESNi). The stability of coatings was evaluated by several washings and thermal treatments, which were verified by UV-vis analyses. The morphology of the coatings was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDS). The coatings displayed thickness values of 1.35 and 2.56 µm for TiO2 and 1TESNi, respectively. The crystalline phases of the coatings were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), confirming the presence of NiTiO3 and other phases related to TiO2. The bandgap of 1TESNi, compared with the bare TiO2, was reduced from 2.96 to 2.40 eV as a consequence of Ni addition. The TiO2, 1TESNi and 2TESNi coatings were evaluated in the photodegradation of BAM using visible-light for 240 min. The highest effectiveness was displayed by the 1TESNi coating, obtaining degradation of 92.56% after 240 min. Also, the photocatalytic efficiency of the 1TESNi coating was only reduced 1.99% after 3 reuse cycles in the BAM degradation. The scavenger tests revealed that the main oxidizing species involved in the reaction were the â¢OH- and â¢O2- radicals. The 1TESNi coating showed the highest photocatalytic efficiency because of its absorption in the visible-light region, valuable surface area and electronic charge separation. Thus, these advantageous features guarantee that NiTiO3 coatings are an efficient method for degrading recalcitrant herbicides from drinking water using a practical way to recover and reuse photocatalysts.
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Agua Potable , Herbicidas , Herbicidas/química , Catálisis , Titanio/químicaRESUMEN
Magnetic resonance has become a first-line imaging modality in various clinical scenarios. The number of patients with different cardiovascular devices, including cardiac implantable electronic devices, has increased exponentially. Although there have been reports of risks associated with exposure to magnetic resonance in these patients, the clinical evidence now supports the safety of performing these studies under specific conditions and following recommendations to minimize possible risks. This document was written by the Working Group on Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Cardiac Computed Tomography of the Spanish Society of Cardiology (SEC-GT CRMTC), the Heart Rhythm Association of the Spanish Society of Cardiology (SEC-Heart Rhythm Association), the Spanish Society of Medical Radiology (SERAM), and the Spanish Society of Cardiothoracic Imaging (SEICAT). The document reviews the clinical evidence available in this field and establishes a series of recommendations so that patients with cardiovascular devices can safely access this diagnostic tool.
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Cardiología , Cardiopatías , Humanos , Consenso , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Espectroscopía de Resonancia MagnéticaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the possible in vitro effect of the cytokine RANKL and bacteria involved in apical periodontitis on the differentiation of macrophages into osteoclasts. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Bacteria were isolated (mainly E. faecium and E. faecalis) from the root canal of fifty patients with apical periodontitis, the possible effect of these bacteria on the phagocytic activity of the monocyte cell line THP-1 was analyzed by flow cytometry. Furthermore, the effect of these bacteria (alone or in combination with the cytokine RANKL) on the differentiation of THP-1 macrophages into osteoclasts was analyzed through the expression of the receptor RANK and the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase TRAP. Finally, the release of different cytokines (IL-1ß, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-12p70) by THP-1 cells induced to differentiate into osteoclasts was also analyzed. RESULTS: We observed a significant proportion of THP-1 cells were able to internalize E. faecium and E. faecalis. Furthermore, these bacteria were able to induce (alone or in combination with RANKL) a significant expression of RANK by THP-1 macrophages; accordingly, E. faecium and E. faecalis induced very significant levels of TRAP in these cells. Finally, during the differentiation of THP-1 macrophages induced by RANKL or bacteria, a significant release of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α was observed. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Our data suggest that the causative agents of apical periodontitis can induce the differentiation of osteoclasts as well as the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, phenomena that may have an important role in the bone damage observed in this condition.
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Osteoclastos , Periodontitis Periapical , Humanos , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/metabolismo , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Macrófagos , Diferenciación Celular , Citocinas/metabolismo , Periodontitis Periapical/microbiología , Bacterias , Ligando RANK/metabolismoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine the feasibility and safety of enhanced early (PN) (early initiation of intralipids and faster advancement of glucose infusion rate) during the first week of life for very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm infants. METHODS: 90 VLBW preterm infants (<32 weeks gestational age at birth) admitted to the University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital between August 2017 and June 2019 were included. Enrolled infants were stratified by gestational age-groups and randomized to either the enhanced nutrition protocol (intervention group) or the standard PN protocol (standard group). Welch's two-sample t tests were used to investigate differences in calorie and protein intake, insulin use, days of hyperglycemia, hyperbilirubinemia, and hypertriglyceridemia, and proportion of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis, and death between groups. RESULTS: Intervention and standard groups were similar in baseline characteristics. The intervention group received higher weekly mean caloric intake (102.6 [SD 24.9] kcal/kg/day versus 89.7 [SD 30.2] kcal/kg/day; p = 0.001) and higher mean caloric intake on days of life 2-4 (p < 0.05 for all). Both groups received the recommended protein intake (≥4 g/kg/day). There were no significant differences in safety or feasibility outcomes between groups (all p values >0.12). CONCLUSION: Utilization of an enhanced nutrition protocol during the first week of life resulted in increased caloric intake and was feasible with no evidence of harm. Follow-up of this cohort is needed to determine if enhanced PN will result in improved growth and neurodevelopment.
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Hiperglucemia , Recien Nacido Prematuro , Lactante , Niño , Recién Nacido , Humanos , Recién Nacido de muy Bajo Peso , Nutrición Parenteral/métodos , Glucosa , Peso al NacerRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to compare the pushout bond strength (POBS) of three hydraulic cements, when used at thicknesses of 3 and 5 mm. METHODS: 78 root slices of 3 and 5 mm of thickness were obtained from human teeth. Cylindrical cavities of 1.4 mm of diameter were drilled and filled with Biodentine (BD), Totalfill Root Repair paste (TF) or ProRoot MTA White (PMTA). Pushout tests were performed 21 days later. The fracture pattern of each sample was also analyzed. POBS data were analyzed with Welch and Brown-Forsythe and Tamhane's post hoc tests and a Weibull analysis was also performed. RESULTS: In the 3 mm group, TF showed significantly lower bond strength than BD and PMTA. In the 5 mm group, BD showed significantly higher bond strength than TF. Both BD and TF showed higher bond strength when the thickness of the sample increased, while PMTA did not. CONCLUSIONS: TF and BD achieve higher pushout bond strength resistance when used at a thickness of 5 mm than at 3 mm, while the mean resistance of PMTA is less influenced by the thickness. At 5 mm of thickness, BD and PMTA exhibit similar resistance to displacement. However, the behavior of BD is more predictable than that of its predecessor. BD is a reliable hydraulic cement for clinical situations where thick cavities need to be filled and displacement resistance plays an important role. Clinicians need to consider choosing specific hydraulic cements according to the thickness of material to be used.
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Compuestos de Calcio , Recubrimiento Dental Adhesivo , Humanos , Compuestos de Calcio/química , Cementos Dentales , Cemento Dental , Silicatos/química , Ensayo de MaterialesRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Understanding the hospital impact of influenza requires enriching epidemiological surveillance registries with other sources of information. The aim of this study was to determine the validity of the Hospital Care Activity Record - Minimum Basic Data Set (RAE-CMBD) in the analysis of the outcomes of patients hospitalised with this infection. METHODS: Observational and retrospective study of adults admitted with influenza in a tertiary hospital during the 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 seasons. We calculated the concordance of the RAE-CMBD with the influenza epidemiological surveillance registry (gold standard), as well as the main parameters of internal and external validity. Logistic regression models were used for risk adjustment of in-hospital mortality and length of stay. RESULTS: A total of 907 (97.74%) unique matches were achieved, with high inter-observer agreement (Æ=0.828). The RAE-CMBD showed a 79.87% sensitivity, 99.72% specificity, 86.71% positive predictive value and 99.54% negative predictive value. The risk-adjusted mortality ratio of patients with influenza was lower than that of patients without influenza: 0.667 (0.53-0.82) vs. 1.008 (0.98-1.04) and the risk-adjusted length of stay ratio was higher: 1.15 (1.12-1.18) vs. 1.00 (0.996-1.001). CONCLUSIONS: The RAE-CMBD is a valid source of information for the study of the impact of influenza on hospital care. The lower risk-adjusted mortality of patients admitted with influenza compared to other inpatients seems to point to the effectiveness of the main clinical and organisational measures adopted.