Astrocitoma de bajo grado en un teratoma retroperitoneal: reporte de caso / Low-grade astrocytoma within a retroperitoneal teratoma: Case report

Los teratomas son neoplasias que se originan de las células germinales, algunos pueden sufrir una transformación maligna. La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) los clasificó como teratomas con malignidad de tipo somático, los cuales son poco comunes, siendo los sarcomas el tipo histológico con mayor incidencia. Es importante diferenciar esté tipo de tumores ya que influye en el pronóstico y en la supervivencia del paciente. A continuación se presenta el caso de un masculino de 5 meses de edad, que inició su padecimiento al mes de vida con la presencia de estreñimiento y aumento del perímetro abdominal, los estudios de imagen revelaron una lesión abdominal. Se inició tratamiento con quimioterapia y se realizó tumorectomía retroperitoneal. El reporte histopatológico reportó teratoma inmaduro grado I con foco de tejido nervioso que muestra características de astrocitoma de bajo grado. (AU)

Teratomas are neoplasms originate from germ cells and can undergo malignant transformation, the World Health Organization (WHO) classified them as teratoma with somatic-type malignancy which is uncommon and sarcomas are the histological type with the highest incidence. It is important to identify this type of tumors because influences the prognosis and survival of the patient. We present the case of a 5-month-old male, who began his condition at one month-old with constipation and increase of the abdominal circumference, imaging studies revealed an abdominal lesion, he was treated with chemotherapy and surgery. The histopathological report was immature teratoma, grade 1, with a focus of nervous tissue showing characteristics of low-grade astrocytoma. (AU)

Astrocitoma de bajo grado en un teratoma retroperitoneal: reporte de caso / Low-grade astrocytoma within a retroperitoneal teratoma: Case report

Los teratomas son neoplasias que se originan de las células germinales, algunos pueden sufrir una transformación maligna. La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) los clasificó como teratomas con malignidad de tipo somático, los cuales son poco comunes, siendo los sarcomas el tipo histológico con mayor incidencia. Es importante diferenciar esté tipo de tumores ya que influye en el pronóstico y en la supervivencia del paciente. A continuación se presenta el caso de un masculino de 5 meses de edad, que inició su padecimiento al mes de vida con la presencia de estreñimiento y aumento del perímetro abdominal, los estudios de imagen revelaron una lesión abdominal. Se inició tratamiento con quimioterapia y se realizó tumorectomía retroperitoneal. El reporte histopatológico reportó teratoma inmaduro grado I con foco de tejido nervioso que muestra características de astrocitoma de bajo grado. (AU)

Teratomas are neoplasms originate from germ cells and can undergo malignant transformation, the World Health Organization (WHO) classified them as teratoma with somatic-type malignancy which is uncommon and sarcomas are the histological type with the highest incidence. It is important to identify this type of tumors because influences the prognosis and survival of the patient. We present the case of a 5-month-old male, who began his condition at one month-old with constipation and increase of the abdominal circumference, imaging studies revealed an abdominal lesion, he was treated with chemotherapy and surgery. The histopathological report was immature teratoma, grade 1, with a focus of nervous tissue showing characteristics of low-grade astrocytoma. (AU)

[Low-grade astrocytoma within a retroperitoneal teratoma: Case report]. / Astrocitoma de bajo grado en un teratoma retroperitoneal: reporte de caso.

Teratomas are neoplasms originate from germ cells and can undergo malignant transformation, the World Health Organization (WHO) classified them as teratoma with somatic-type malignancy which is uncommon and sarcomas are the histological type with the highest incidence. It is important to identify this type of tumors because influences the prognosis and survival of the patient. We present the case of a 5-month-old male, who began his condition at one month-old with constipation and increase of the abdominal circumference, imaging studies revealed an abdominal lesion, he was treated with chemotherapy and surgery. The histopathological report was immature teratoma, grade 1, with a focus of nervous tissue showing characteristics of low-grade astrocytoma.

Linfoma MALT subglótico en un paciente con artritis reumatoide / Subglottic MALT lymphoma of the larynx in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis

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Factores de riesgo en pacientes con coccidioidomicosis diseminada fatal. Estudio de casos y controles / Risk factors in patients with fatal disseminated coccidioidomycosis

Introducción. La coccidioidomicosis es una enfermedad endémica con una mortalidad inferior al 1%. Objetivo. Evaluar los factores de riesgo para mortalidad en pacientes con coccidioidomicosis diseminada (CMD) y describir los casos fatales. Métodos. Estudio de casos (fatales) y controles (no fatales) realizado entre enero de 2006 a diciembre de 2011. Se analizaron los factores de riesgo para desarrollo de CMD fatal. Se utilizó la prueba de Haldane para proporciones y se calculó la razón de momios con intervalo de confianza al 95% con el programa SPSS 15.0. Resultados. Se analizaron 20 casos de CMD, de los cuales 5 fueron fatales. La insuficiencia renal crónica y el trasplante renal se presentaron más frecuentemente en pacientes con CMD fatal. El 40% de los casos con CMD no fatal eran portadores del VIH. La anemia de 10 g/dl de hemoglobina o menos fue un hallazgo constante en CMD fatal. Conclusiones. En este estudio no se encontró diferencia significativa entre los factores de riesgo para CMD fatal y no fatal. Sin embargo, los pacientes que fallecieron tuvieron un curso de menos de 6 meses y presentaron anemia con hemoglobina de 10 g/dl o menos. Todos desarrollaron pulmón de shock con membranas hialinas. La CMD puede presentarse en forma atípica sin patología pulmonar. Se debe investigar la posibilidad de CMD en pacientes con patrón pulmonar de lesiones de tipo miliar, sobre todo en aquellos con deficiencia inmunológica y que habitan áreas endémicas (AU)

Introduction: Coccidioidomycosis is an endemic disease that has a mortality rate of less than 1%. Aim: To evaluate the risk factors for mortality in patients with disseminated coccidioidomycosis (DCM) and describe the fatal cases. Method: Fatal cases and non-fatal controls were studied between January 2006 and December 2011. Risk factors leading to fatal DCM were analysed. The Haldane test was used for propor- tions and the odd’s ratio was calculated with a confidence interval of 95% with the SPSS 15.0 programme. Results: Twenty cases of DCM were analysed, of which 5 were fatal. Chronic renal insufficiency and renal transplant were the most frequent conditions in patients with fatal DCM. 40% of non- fatal cases of DCM were HIV carriers. Anaemia of 10 g/dL or less of haemoglobin was a constant feature of fatal DCM cases. Conclusions: No significant difference in risk factors for fatal or non-fatal DCM was found. However, patients who died had a disease course of less than 6 months and anaemia of 10 g/dL or less. All developed shock lung with hyaline membranes. DCM can present atypically, with no pulmonary pathology. A diagnosis of DCM should be considered in patients with a pulmonary pattern of miliary type lesions, especially when the patient has an immunological deficiency and/or lives in areas endemic for coccidioidomycosis (AU)

Nondiagnostic thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology: outcome in surgical treatment.

BACKGROUND: Fine-Needle Aspiration (FNA) is the main screening process for distinguishing benign from malignant thyroid nodules. Despite this, by 5-29% of patients, their FNA results are not enough to confirm malign neoplasia, particularly in cases with follicular lesions. The objective of this report is to present the definitive histological results of a group of 41 patients with FNA of Thyroid nodule catalogued as "indeterminate/non diagnostic" sent for surgical treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was done on all of the patients who had underwent surgery for thyroid nodule, with a previous diagnosis of "indeterminate/non diagnostic" by FNA. Forty-one patients, three male (7.31%), and 38 female (92.68%), were included in the present study. RESULTS: Fifteen women and one man were positive for malignancies (39.02%). The nodule was bigger than 4 cm in 23 patients in total (56.09%), and of this percentage, 6 were malignant (26.09%). According to age, 24 patients were older than 45 years (58.5%), 8 of whom showed malignant pathology (33.3%). All these variables were non significant. Fifteen of 16 patients had a definitive diagnosis of papillary carcinoma and one follicular carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of patients with a diagnosis of "indeterminated/non diagnostic" had benign lesions (60.9%). The usual predictive factors for malignity such as age, sex, size of nodule, did not present a significant support in the differential diagnosis.