The problem of diagnosis of generalized and focal forms of salmonellosis.

The article describes the clinical observation with an unfavorable outcome of the generalized form of salmonella infection caused by Salmonella typhimurium group B in a woman of 60 years without immunodeficiency, complicated by the development of multiple abscesses of the lower parts of abdominal cavity, probably of appendicular origin. In a short literary review, the pathogenetic mechanisms that contribute to the formation of generalized and extraintestinal forms of salmonella infection are discussed.

[Difficulties in the diagnosis of diarrhea-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome in adults]. / Trudnosti diagnostiki gemolitiko-uremicheskogo sindroma, assotsiirovannogo s diareei, u vzroslykh.

Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a rare, but menacing condition registered mainly in children. The paper gives a detailed description and analysis of a clinical case of HUS with a favorable outcome in an adult woman who developed the syndrome in the presence of bloody diarrhea. It considers an update on the etiology, pathogenesis, and clinical features of HUS associated with diarrheal syndrome and discusses differential diagnostic features, diagnostic problems, and characteristics of management tactics for patients.

[Description of a case of severe Q fever].

The paper considers a rare clinical case of severe Q fever in a young man with no compromised premorbid background. It describes and analyzes clinical manifestations and laboratory findings with consideration for the current data available in the literature. The issues of the differential diagnosis, laboratory diagnosis, and treatment of Q fever are discussed.

[Priming-phenomenon of neutrophils in patients with Flexner infection]. / Praiming-fenomen neitrofilov u bol'nykh shigellezom Fleksnera.

AIM: To study reproducibility of priming phenomenon of neutrophils in patients with acute Flexner's dysentery and its realization manifestation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A chemiluminescent response of peripheral blood neutrophils was studied in patients with acute mild and moderate dysentery in the presence of luminol. Lipopolysaccharide Salmonella typhimurium at a final concentration of 20 ng/ml served as a priming substance of S-chemotype. Neutrophils were stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate in concentration 10(-6) M and isolated on Histopaque double gradient (Sigma reagents, USA). RESULTS: In reproduction of priming-phenomenon in vitro on neutrophils of patients with acute Flexner's dysentery chemiluminescence amplitude increased 1.29-1.69-fold vs control. CONCLUSION: Priming-phenomenon on neutrophils in acute dysentery is reproducible. This confirms modulating properties of lipopolysaccharides in conditions of systemic nonphysiological endotoxinemia. Priming phenomenon may be involved in both maintenance of homeostasis and pathophysiological processes.

[Functional heterogeneity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes population in peripheral blood of patients with acute dysentery]. / Geterogennost' funktsional'nogo sostoianiia populiatsii polimorfno-iadernykh le'ikotsitov perifericheskoi krovi u bol'nykh ostroi dizenteriei.

AIM: To study chemiluminescence (CL) of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNL) in peripheral blood of patients with acute mild and moderate dysentery caused by Shig. Flexneri in response to Re- and S-chemotype lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Sh. Flexneri and agonists fMLP, PMA and OZ. RESULTS: PMNL population proved functionally heterogeneic, correlating with acute dysentery severity. Subgroups of PMNL varied by CL amplitude, reserve ability to additional stimulation. LPS rather modulated CL of PMNL than stimulated it. CL intensity depended on LPS structure and concentration. Mild acute dysentery was characterized by pool of primed PMNL which had higher functional reserves. CONCLUSION: CL analysis can be used for raising accuracy of dysentery prognosis and severity, assessment of implications of functional state of neutrophil granulocytes for support of antiendotoxin immunity in acute dysentery.