Biophysical effects of a natural peloid on normal skin.

A protocol study was designed to examine cutaneous behavior after continuous application of a peloid in the dry mineral residue of Lanjarón-Capuchina natural mineral water. This study aims to analyze the biomechanical behavior of normal skin using various non-invasive bioengineering techniques after the application of this peloid. We determine the effects of its application for 3 months on 38 healthy volunteers (41.4 ± 5.9 years, range 32-58) without a previous history of skin diseases by courtmetry, sebumetry, pH-metry, reviscometry, and tewametry. It was shown that the production of cutaneous sebum is significantly reduced by 6%, trans epidermal skin loss (TEWL) by 21%, skin fatigue by 30%, elasticity increased by 19%, firmness by 5%, and a skin redensification by 6% was obtained under these experimental conditions. Disparate and non-significant results were obtained concerning pH and viscoelasticity. Continuous skin care with the Lanjarón-Capuchina natural peloid modifies skin behavior, normalizing sebaceous secretion, favoring the biomechanical properties of the skin and the skin barrier function without modifying skin homeostasis.

The Effects of One-Anastomosis Gastric Bypass on Glucose Metabolism in Goto-Kakizaki Rats.

BACKGROUND: The improvement in glucose metabolism after bariatric surgery is well established. The aim of this study was to investigate the hormones and glycemic control in diabetes after a one-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) variant in an animal model of non-obese type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: Thirty-six Goto-Kakizaki rats were randomly assigned to undergo one of the following procedures: OAGB (18 rats) or sham intervention (18 rats). Each group was subdivided into three additional groups according to the time of surgery (early-12 weeks; intermediate-16 weeks; and late-20 weeks). Weight, fasting glycemia, glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and hormone levels (glucagon, insulin, glucagon-like peptide-1 [GLP-1], and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide [GIP]) were measured. RESULTS: All rats maintained their weight. The OGTT showed a significant improvement in glycemic levels in rats with OAGB in all time groups (p < 0.002, for all groups at 60 min). Insulin levels decreased significantly in all animals with OAGB, but glucagon levels increased (glucagon paradoxical response). GLP-1 and GIP increased in rats with OAGB at all times, but was only statistically significant in the early surgery group of GLP-1 (p < 0.005). CONCLUSION: OAGB in a non-obese diabetic rat model improves glycemic control, with a significant decrease in glucose and insulin levels. This reduction without weight loss suggests a surgically induced enhancement of pancreatic function. It appears that this improvement occurs, although the GLP-1 levels were significantly increased only in the early stages. The paradoxical response of glucagon should be further evaluated.

Estudio de incidencia de las neoplasias hematopoyéticas en Castilla y León / Incidence of haematological neoplasms in Castilla y León, Spain

Fundamento y objetivo: Conocer la incidencia de las neoplasias hematopoyéticas (NH) en Castilla y León, una región de 2,5 millones de habitantes, y su distribución en función de la edad, el sexo y el subtipo histológico. Pacientes y método: Se ha analizado el perfil epidemiológico en función de las variables descritas de las 10.943 NH diagnosticadas durante un período de 10 años, comparándolo con el de otros estudios. Resultados: La incidencia ajustada por edad alcanzó 29,4 casos/105 habitantes-año, con ciertas variaciones geográficas. La edad media fue de 67,3 años, con un punto de inflexión entre la sexta y séptima décadas de la vida, a partir del cual se produjo un aumento muy importante de la incidencia. A medida que avanzaba la edad, ocurrieron de forma paralela otros 2 hechos relevantes: una disminución de la incidencia de los procesos linfoides y el aumento de la de las neoplasias de bajo grado de agresividad. Los procesos linfoides de bajo grado representaron la mitad de los casos del registro, mostraron una mayor preferencia por el sexo masculino y alcanzaron la moda antes que el resto de las NH. La incidencia de neoplasias mieloides (9,5) fue superior a la descrita en otros registros europeos, especialmente en los países del sur de Europa, contrariamente a lo observado con las neoplasias linfoides (20,0). Conclusiones: Se observó una mayor incidencia de neoplasias mieloides y menor de linfoides de lo esperado. El punto de inflexión de incidencia se situó entre la sexta y séptima décadas de la vida, con predominio del sexo masculino, que se reduce con el aumento de la edad. La mayor incidencia de NH se observó en la zona donde se concentra una mayor densidad de industrias potencialmente contaminantes (AU)

Background and objective: We aimed to assess the incidence of haematological neoplasms (HNs) in Castilla y León (2,5 million inhabitants) and its distribution by age, gender and histological type. Patients and method: The epidemiological profile based on the described variables of the 10,943 HNs diagnosed during a 10-years period was analyzed, compared with other studies. Results: The overall age-adjusted incidence was 29.4 cases/105 inhabitants-year, with some geographical differences. The mean age was 67.3 years, with a turning point between the 6th-7th decades of life from which there was a very significant increase of incidence. Two relevant facts where simultaneous with advancing age: decreased lymphoid neoplasms incidence and increased low degree neoplasms incidence. Lymphoid low degree neoplasms accounted for half of the registered processes, showed the greatest preference for male and reached the mode before the rest of neoplasms. Myeloid neoplasms incidence (9.5) was higher than that reported in other European registries, specially compared to southern European countries, opposite to lymphoid neoplasms incidence (20.0). Conclusions: A higher myeloid neoplasms incidence and lower lymphoid one than expected was observed. The turning point of incidence is between the 6th-7th decades of life, with a preference for male that decreases with age. There is an increased incidence of HNs in the area where a higher density of potentially polluting facilities is concentrated (AU)

[Incidence of haematological neoplasms in Castilla y León, Spain]. / Estudio de incidencia de las neoplasias hematopoyéticas en Castilla y León.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: We aimed to assess the incidence of haematological neoplasms (HNs) in Castilla y León (2,5 million inhabitants) and its distribution by age, gender and histological type. PATIENTS AND METHOD: The epidemiological profile based on the described variables of the 10,943 HNs diagnosed during a 10-years period was analyzed, compared with other studies. RESULTS: The overall age-adjusted incidence was 29.4 cases/10(5) inhabitants-year, with some geographical differences. The mean age was 67.3 years, with a turning point between the 6th-7th decades of life from which there was a very significant increase of incidence. Two relevant facts where simultaneous with advancing age: decreased lymphoid neoplasms incidence and increased low degree neoplasms incidence. Lymphoid low degree neoplasms accounted for half of the registered processes, showed the greatest preference for male and reached the mode before the rest of neoplasms. Myeloid neoplasms incidence (9.5) was higher than that reported in other European registries, specially compared to southern European countries, opposite to lymphoid neoplasms incidence (20.0). CONCLUSIONS: A higher myeloid neoplasms incidence and lower lymphoid one than expected was observed. The turning point of incidence is between the 6th-7th decades of life, with a preference for male that decreases with age. There is an increased incidence of HNs in the area where a higher density of potentially polluting facilities is concentrated.

Postoperative morbidity of biliopancreatic diversion depending on common limb length.

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic gastric bypass, currently the most popular surgical method for bariatric therapy, have proved to be effective in weight loss, but some matters regarding its long-term efficacy for super-obese patients (BMI >50 kg/m2) have arisen. Biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) is a complex technique that has shown good results in the treatment of the super-obese patient. We analyze our >5 years results, evaluating weight loss, morbidity and mortality of this operation, depending on the length of the common and alimentary limbs. METHODS: We studied two series of patients: 150 patients with BPD of Scopinaro (50-200 cm) and 70 patients with modified BPD (75-225 cm). The results have been analyzed in terms of weight loss, co-morbidity improvement, and postoperative morbidity using BAROS. RESULTS: Range of follow-up is 1-12 years. Weight loss was slightly higher for the Scopinaro group than for the Modified group but with no significant difference. There was more prevalence of malnutrition and of iron deficiency in the Scopinaro group (16% and 60%) than in the modified group (2% and 40%), with similar postoperative morbidities. CONCLUSION: The modified BPD method (75-225 cm) shows long-term effectiveness in weight loss and comorbidity improvement for super-obesity. Proteins, vitamins and oligoelement deficits appear distant in time, and thus it is necessary to maintain strict followup of these patients and supplement against deficiencies for the rest of their lives.

Indicadores de calidad asistencial en cirugía mayor ambulatoria / Clinical indicators to evaluate quality in ambulatory surgery

Introducción. El estudio muestra la gestión de calidad que se lleva a cabo en una unidad de cirugía ambulatoria multidisciplinaria mediante la monitorización de determinados indicadores. Material y métodos. Mediante el análisis de las bases de datos de la unidad de cirugía ambulatoria y los datos proporcionados por la administración del hospital, se han estudiado 9 indicadores: a) ingresos inmediatos; b) ingresos tardíos; c) relación de intervenciones suspendidas o canceladas; d) morbilidad mayor; e) morbilidad menor; f) infección de herida; g) estado del enfermo a las 24 h de la intervención; h) grado de satisfacción, e i) índices de sustitución. Las bases de datos con más de 8.000 pacientes se han creado con el programa Stat View 5.0.1. Se ha llevado a cabo un estudio estadístico descriptivo. Resultados. a) Ingresos inmediatos: 2,2 por ciento; b) ingresos tardíos: 0,55 por ciento; c) intervenciones suspendidas o canceladas: 1,9 por ciento/1,6 por ciento; d) morbilidad mayor: 0,025 por ciento; e) morbilidad menor: 11,3 por ciento; f) infección de herida: 1,3 por ciento; g) estado del enfermo a las 24 h: excelente o bueno en el 98,6 por ciento; h) grado de satisfacción: 84,4 por ciento, e i) índice de sustitución global del hospital en 2003: 16,3 por ciento. El análisis de estos indicadores a lo largo del tiempo permite observar una mejora de los porcentajes de ingresos no deseados, un incremento de las intervenciones suspendidas, una estabilización de la morbilidad, una mejora del estado del enfermo y del grado de satisfacción, y un lento incremento de los índices de sustitución. Conclusiones. La validez de los indicadores empleados está en función de su capacidad para inducir modificaciones tendentes a su corrección. Los indicadores con mayor utilidad para la monitorización son: cancelación de procedimientos; acontecimientos adversos; ingresos no deseados, y grado de satisfacción de los pacientes (AU)