RESUMEN
Guaçatonga (Casearia sylvestris) is a native plant of the Atlantic Forest, with high medicinal potential and relevance for reforestation programs. The aim of this study was to characterize, with microsatellite markers, two populations of C. sylvestris from remaining areas of the Atlantic Forest in the State of São Paulo. High allelic variation was found in both populations (NA = 101 and 117; AR = 12.5 and 14.4), although with high endogamy coefficients (f = 0.640 and 0.363). Estimates of genetic structure suggested the presence of considerable genetic divergence between the populations (FST = 0.103); however, there was no spatial genetic structure within the populations. Genetic divergence may have occurred due to decreased gene flow between the fragmented populations as the result of deforestation. The results of this study demonstrate the importance of genetic diversity and its characterization in native plants within remaining forest areas for the management and restoration of such areas.
Asunto(s)
Casearia/genética , Bosques , Variación Genética , Genética de Población , Repeticiones de MicrosatéliteRESUMEN
A microsatellite-enriched library was constructed and a set of 19 SSR markers were developed to characterize a germplasm collection of Hyptis pectinata (L.) Poit., maintained at the Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS). Fifteen markers of 19 ranged from moderately to highly polymorphic. A total of 113 alleles were identified, with a mean of 7.52 alleles per locus. The mean HO and HE were 0.582 and 0.657, respectively. The primers developed were efficient tools for accessing the genetic diversity of the germplasm collection analyzed and may also be useful for other studies involving this species and other species in the genus Hyptis.
Asunto(s)
Biblioteca Genómica , Hyptis/genética , Repeticiones de Microsatélite , Sitios Genéticos , Variación Genética , Genoma de Planta , Hyptis/clasificación , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , Especificidad de la EspecieRESUMEN
Purified genomic DNA can be difficult to obtain from some plant species because of the presence of impurities such as polysaccharides, which are often co-extracted with DNA. In this study, we developed a fast, simple, and low-cost protocol for extracting DNA from plants containing high levels of secondary metabolites. This protocol does not require the use of volatile toxic reagents such as mercaptoethanol, chloroform, or phenol and allows the extraction of high-quality DNA from wild and cultivated tropical species.
Asunto(s)
Anacardium/química , Casearia/química , ADN de Plantas/aislamiento & purificación , Lippia/química , Microextracción en Fase Líquida/métodos , Hojas de la Planta/química , Anacardium/genética , Tampones (Química) , Casearia/genética , ADN de Plantas/genética , Electroforesis en Gel de Agar , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Lippia/genética , Repeticiones de Microsatélite , Hojas de la Planta/genética , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa/normas , Polifenoles , Acetato de Potasio , SulfitosRESUMEN
Vascular invasion of calcified cartilage, during endochondral ossification, is initiated and sustained by invasive cells (endothelial cells and macrophages) which degrade the tissue by releasing lytic enzymes. Concurrently, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are also released by these cells and we hypothesize that ROS also contribute to the degradation of the tissue. As a preliminary approach to this problem, the antioxidant activities and the effect of ROS on hypertrophic cartilage and chondrocytes (HCs) were investigated. Compared to resting or articular chondrocytes, HCs exhibited higher catalase but lower SOD specific activities and lower PHGPx concentration, thus revealing a defence activity specific against H2O2. Moreover, dose-dependent depletion of ATP occurred after few minutes of exposure to ROS, and a long-term treatment (16 h incubation with ROS) promoted the release of LDH activity and a significant variation of the poly- to mono-unsaturated fatty acid ratio. Finally, the incubation of HCs with low ROS doses induced the release of sedimentable alkaline phosphatase activity (matrix vesicles). How the obtained results fit the in vivo occurring events is discussed.
