[The study of mRNA expression profiles of main cell function regulator genes in unchanged colonic mucosa from healthy donors]. / Issledovanie profilei ékspressii mRNK genov, uchastvuiushchikh v reguliatsii osnovnykh kletochnykh funktsii v neizmenennom épitelii tolstoi kishki u zdorovykh donorov.

A comparative analysis of molecular genetic phenotypes of mucous membrane cells in five anatomical regions of the colon in a group of healthy donors was conducted by comparing mRNA expression profiles of 62 genes involved in the regulation of vital cellular function. We used 181 biopsy samples of morphologically unchanged colonic mucosa, obtained from the colon (ascending, transverse-colon, descending, sigmoid) and rectum sections during prophylactic colonoscopy of 58 donors with no colon pathology. The mRNA levels for 62 genes involved in the regulation of apoptosis, proliferation, transcription, differentiation, cell-cell adhesion, and immune response were assessed by RT-PCR. Statistically significant differences were found for the molecular phenotypes of five sections of the colon. The results of the study can serve as a basis for creating a reference database (values of expression profiles), developing methods of differential diagnostics and screening of various pathologies of the colon.

[The diagnosis and endoscopic removal of foreign bodies obstructing the esophageal lumen]. / Diagnostika i éndoskopicheskoe udalenie inorodnykh tel, obturiruiushchikh prosvet pishchevoda.

The authors present a sequence of diagnostic (the patients' complaints, case history, clinical, x-ray and endoscopic evidence) and therapeutic (endoscopic treatment) measures to be taken in order to remove foreign bodies responsible for esophageal obstruction. The policy proposed allows the physicians to avoid misdiagnosis and to clear away foreign bodies from the esophagus with minimal complications in 96% of the cases.

[Fungal infection of the esophagus and stomach after chemical burns]. / Gribkovoe porazhenie pishchevoda i zheludka pri khimicheskikh ozhogakh.

Endoscopic signs of esophageal fungal lesions were established in 7.5% of patients with chemical impairment of the gastrointestinal tract on day 10-15 since the burn. Endoscopically, there were two forms of the esophageal lesion. To make the diagnosis more reliable, specific evidence at endoscopy and bacterioscopy should be used while the differential diagnosis should be based on biopotentialometry. Early diagnosis of fungal involvement may provide better response in the treatment of patients with chemical burns.