[Acidophil stem cell pituitary neuroendocrine tumors/adenoma: a clinicopathological analysis of five cases].

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of acidophil stem cell pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNET)/adenoma. Methods: Five cases of acidophil stem cell PitNET/adenoma were diagnosed between May 2022 and July 2023 at the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China. The clinicopathological features of the tumor were analyzed by using histology, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy. The relevant literature was reviewed. Results: There were 1 male and 4 females, aged from 23 to 69 years. Patient 3 was 55 years old at the time of diagnosis and first surgery, and relapsed 5 years later. The patients' median age was 32 years. Patients 1 and 5 showed elevated blood prolactin, with various degrees of hormonal symptoms except Patient 3, who showed only tumor compression symptoms. Imaging studies showed that all cases involved the sellar floor. The tumors of Patients 1, 2 and 5 were closely related to the cavernous sinus segment of the internal carotid artery. The tumors exhibited a diffuse growth pattern with chromophobic to slightly acidophilic cytoplasm. A few of tumor cells showed chromophobic cytoplasm. The nucleoli were conspicuous. Intranuclear inclusion bodies and variably-sized clear vacuoles were observed occasionally. Under electron microscope, marked mitochondrial abnormalities were observed, including increased mitochondria number, expanded hypertrophy, and absence of mitochondrial ridge fracture. Some mitochondrial matrices were dense, while some were vacuolated. Conclusions: Acidophil stem cell PitNET/adenoma is a rare type of pituitary adenomas/PitNETs. It often has a more clinically aggressive manner with immature cells, diffuse expression of PIT1, prolactin, and varying degrees of growth hormone expression. Because of the obvious diversity of their clinical hormone status and hormone immune expression, the diagnosis of this type tumor is still a challenge.

[Chlorogenic acid alleviates acute kidney injury in septic mice by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasomes and the caspase-1 canonical pyroptosis pathway].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of caspase-1-medicated canonical pyroptosis pathway in chlorogenic acid (CGA) treatment of acute kidney injury (AKI) in mice. METHOD: Twenty-four C57Bl/6J mice were randomized into sham-operated group, cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) group, CLP+dexamethasone group (CLP+DXM group), and CLP+CGA group (n=6) and subjected to either sham operation (laparotomy only) or CLP. After modeling the mice received intravenous infusion of 10 mg/kg normal saline (in sham and CLP groups), 1 µg/kg dexamethasone or 15 mg/kg of chlorogenic acid for 6 h delivered using an intravenous pump. Eight hours after the infusion, renal morphology and histology, renal cell apoptosis, and the renal function parameters such as urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Scr), and kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) were compared among the 4 groups; the 7-day survival rates of the mice were recorded, and the expressions of NLRP3 inflammasomes and key proteins of the caspase-1 pathway in the renal tissue were detected. RESULTS: CGA treatment significantly improved the 7-day survival rate, reduced renal pathologies of the septic mice (P < 0.05), and lowered the levels of BUN, Scr, KIM-1, NLRP3 inflammasome and expressions of key proteins of the caspase-1 pathway. CONCLUSION: CGA alleviates AKI in mice with CLP-induced sepsis by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasomes and the caspase-1 signaling pathway.

[HCV antigen detection method and clinical application].

Hepatitis C is distributed worldwide and possesses a hidden characteristic. The traditional methods of screening and diagnosis of hepatitis C infection commonly used in clinics are based on anti-HCV antibody and HCV RNA detection. Advances in HCV antigen detection technologies can apparently reduce the window period for anti-HCV antibodies, providing new clinical evidence for the early detection, diagnosis, and treatment of HCV infection. This article is a current review of HCV antigen detection methodologies, clinical applications, and detection strategies.

[Effect of dual fluorescence imaging in identifying central lymph nodes and parathyroid glands during thyroid cancer surgery].

Objective: To investigate the effect of dual fluorescence imaging in identifying central lymph nodes and parathyroid glands during thyroid cancer surgery. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study. Patients who underwent surgery for papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) at the Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University between January 2022 and September 2023 were included. All patients underwent thyroid lobectomy or total resection, and central lymph node dissection was performed at the same time. During the operation, tracing injection of mitoxantrone hydrochloride and 785 nm and 660 nm dual fluorescence imaging technique were used to measure the fluorescence intensity (FI) of parathyroid glands, central lymph nodes and background. After correcting to obtain the standardized FI, the paired t-test was used to compare the standardized FI of the parathyroid glands and central lymph nodes, and the Spearman's rank correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between the standardized FI and various clinical indicators. Results: The study included 30 patients (8 males and 22 females), with a mean age of (41.8±10.4) years. A total of 76 parathyroid glands and 234 central lymph nodes were identified under dual fluorescence imaging, and the standardized FI of parathyroid glands was less than that of central lymph nodes (44.7±16.8 vs 99.5±28.4, P<0.001). The visualization rate, false rate and miscut rate of parathyroid glands under 785 nm wavelength excitation light were 98.7% (76/77), 0 (0/77) and 1.3% (1/77), respectively (one case with no visualization and miscutting parathyroid gland was the encapsulated type). The visualization rate of central lymph nodes under 660 nm wavelength excitation light was 98.7% (234/237). There was no significant correlation between FI and clinical indicators such as gender, age, height, weight, body mass index, preoperative thyroid stimulating hormone, thyroglobulin antibody, thyroid microsomal antibody, serum calcium, parathyroid hormone level and surgical procedure (all P>0.05). Conclusion: Dual fluorescence imaging of central lymph nodes and parathyroid glands can improve the ability to identify parathyroid gland while assisting central lymph node dissection.

[Pulmonary artery stenting in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: a report of 2 cases].

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a pulmonary vascular disease characterized by an insidious onset, progressive deterioration, and poor prognosis. It is distinguished by the thrombotic organization within the pulmonary arteries, leading to vascular stenosis or occlusion. This results in a progressive increase in pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary arterial pressure, ultimately leading to right heart failure. In recent years, balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) has emerged as an effective treatment option for patients ineligible for pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA). However, the use of stents in patients with suboptimal balloon dilation remains controversial. This article describes two cases of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) in which balloon angioplasty yielded unsatisfactory results, subsequently leading to stent placement. Following stent implantation, there was improved blood flow, significant reduction in pulmonary arterial pressure, and notable alleviation of patient symptoms. One-year follow-up showed no recurrence of stenosis within the stent, suggesting potential guidance for the use of pulmonary artery stenting as a treatment modality for CTEPH. This report provided new insights into the therapeutic approach for CTEPH.

[Progress on influencing factors of late diagnosis in HIV-infected patients].

At present, the late diagnosis of HIV-infected patients is not optimistic, which has a significant impact on the efficacy, cost, and prognosis of HIV antiretroviral therapy and HIV transmission. Late diagnosis is an important indicator for evaluating HIV testing. This article reviews the influencing factors of late diagnosis of HIV-infected patients and provides a reference for formulating and improving HIV testing strategies and measures in China.

[Long-term efficacy of balloon-assisted endplate augmentation combined with transforaminal pedicle screw fixation in the treatment of thoracolumbar burst fractures].

Objectives: To investigate the long-term efficacy of balloon assisted endplate reduction with vertebral augmentation combined with pedicle screw fixation in the treatment of thoracolumbar burst fractures, and to compare the clinical efficacy of calcium sulfate cement (CSC) and calcium phosphate cement(CPC). Methods: This study is a retrospective cohort study.The clinical data of 39 patients with thoracolumbar burst fractures admitted to Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University from November 2013 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients were treated with pedicle screw reduction and fixation of the injured vertebra,balloon-assisted reduction of the collapsed endplate of the injured vertebra,and artificial bone vertebral body augmentation,and the follow-up time was >5 years.There were 24 males and 15 females,aged (42.9±13.3) years (range: 29 to 56 years).According to the Frankel spinal nerve dysfunction grading standard, there were 4 cases of grade C, 7 cases of grade D and 28 cases of grade E. There were 21 cases of CSC augmentation(CSC group) and 18 cases of CPC augmentation (CPC group). X-ray and CT were performed at 1 week, 1-, 2-, 5-year after surgery and at the last follow-up, and the imaging indicators were measured, including the injured vertebra anterior edge height ratio,the injured vertebra middle height ratio,the injured vertebra wedge angle,and the sagittal plane Cobb angle. The pain visual analogue scale (VAS) and the Oswestry disability index (ODI) was used for functional evaluation, nervous function was evaluated according to the Frankel spinal nerve dysfunction grading standard.Independent sample t test was used for inter-group comparison, and paired sample t test and repeated measure ANOVA were used for intra-group comparison. Results: All operative procedures were successfully completed, no spinal nerve function damage occurred. The postoperative imaging indexes of the patients were significantly improved compared with those before surgery (all P<0.01). The follow-up time of patients was (6.7±2.8)years (range: 5 to 9 years). Among the 11 patients with symptoms of neurological impairment before surgery, 9 patients completely recovered at the last follow-up, and 2 patients recovered from Frankel grade C to D. There were no significant differences in imaging indexes between the first week after surgery and the last follow-up in the CPC group (all P>0.05), while there were significant differences in imaging indexes between the CSC group and the last follow-up (all P<0.05). CPC group was superior to CSC group in frontal height ratio, middle height ratio, wedge angle variation and sagittal Cobb angle correction loss at 2 year, 5 year after surgery and the last follow-up, with statistical significance (all P<0.05). At the last follow-up, there were no differences in VAS and ODI between the two groups (all P>0.05). After absorption of CSC in the filling area, a hardened zone was formed around the area, and the central cavity remained without bone tissue filling. CPC absorption was very slow, and the CPC group was still filled satisfactorily at the last follow-up. Conclusions: Balloon assisted endplate reduction and vertebral augmentation combined with pedicle screw fixation through the injured vertebra have good long-term efficacy in the treatment of thoracolumbar burst fractures. Compared with CSC, CPC vertebral augmentation can better maintain the shape and spinal sequence of the injured vertebra in the long term, and can effectively reduce the collapse of the space above the injured vertebra.

[A case of repairing the destructive high-voltage electric burn wounds in the head, face, and neck based on the economic theory of flaps].

In September 8th, 2021, a male patient (aged 18 years) with severe destructive injuries of high-voltage electric burns in the head, face, and neck was admitted to General Hospital of Taiyuan Iron Steel (Group) Co., Ltd. Based on the economic theory of flaps, the flap donor site and transplantation method were optimized and evaluated before surgery, and then debridement of head, face, and neck wounds+removal of necrotic skull+free transplantation of super large latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap+thin intermediate thickness skin graft transplantation from the left thigh was performed. The extra large flap donor site wound was sutured directly. This surgery reduced the adverse consequences of the flap donor site on the premise of ensure of repair effect. After operation, the patient's condition was stable, the flap and skin graft survived well, the repair effect of wound was well, the scar in the flap donor area was relatively mild, and the upper limb had no dysfunction.

[Effect of changes in posterior tibial slope on the mid-term clinical outcomes of Oxford unicompartmental knee arthroplasty].

Objective: To investigate the impact of changes in the posterior tibial slope (PTS) in Oxford unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (OUKA) on the mid-term clinical outcomes of postoperative patients. Methods: This study was a follow-up study. The data of 135 patients (150 knees) who underwent OUKA at the China-Japan Friendship Hospital from January 2012 to January 2013 were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were followed-up for at least ten years. According to the changes in PTS of the medial tibial plateau before and after surgery, patients were divided into three groups: group A (PTS decreased by more than 5°), group B (PTS changed by 5° or less), and group C (PTS increased by more than 5°). The Knee Society Clinical Score (KSS-C), Knee Society Functional Score (KSS-F), Oxford Knee Score (OKS), Forgotten Joint Score (FJS), and knee range of motion (ROM) among the three groups were compared at the last follow-up. Results: Prior to the final follow-up assessment, six patients expired, and an additional nine patients were lost to follow-up. A total of 120 patients (135 knees) were enrolled in this study (30 males and 90 females). The mean age was (66.29±8.62) years, and the follow-up time was (10.54±0.72) years. Group A consisted of 32 patients (34 knees), group B comprised 77 patients (90 knees), and group C included 11 patients (11 knees). One knee in group A suffered prosthesis loosening, and two knees in group C experienced postoperative bearing dislocation, one knee encountered bearing fragmentation. The incidence of postoperative complications differed significantly among the three groups (P<0.05). The preoperative OKS was (33.91±6.59) points, KSS-F was (43.46±8.99) points, KSS-C was (41.05±5.70) points and ROM was 115.23°±13.53°; after the surgery, they changed to (18.82±7.01) points, (81.51±7.34) points, (82.64±7.94) points, and 119.07°±8.62°, respectively, and all the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.001). In terms of postoperative outcomes, group A had an OKS of (21.44±8.46) points and a FJS of (63.83±11.40) points, group B had an OKS of (17.07±5.81) points and a FJS of (70.49±12.45) points, group C had an OKS of (25.09±5.07) points and a FJS score of (59.48±10.09) points; the differences among the three groups were all statistically significant (all P<0.05), but there were no significant differences in the postoperative KSS scores and ROM among the three groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions: After OUKA, better mid-term clinical outcomes are achieved when ΔPTS is<5°. Although the recommended central value for PTS in OUKA is 7° according to Oxford, it should be individualized, and it is recommended to consider the preoperative angle, with a change of less than 5° before and after surgery.

Realization of a crosstalk-avoided quantum network node using dual-type qubits of the same ion species.

Generating ion-photon entanglement is a crucial step for scalable trapped-ion quantum networks. To avoid the crosstalk on memory qubits carrying quantum information, it is common to use a different ion species for ion-photon entanglement generation such that the scattered photons are far off-resonant for the memory qubits. However, such a dual-species scheme can be subject to inefficient sympathetic cooling due to the mass mismatch of the ions. Here we demonstrate a trapped-ion quantum network node in the dual-type qubit scheme where two types of qubits are encoded in the S and F hyperfine structure levels of 171Yb+ ions. We generate ion photon entanglement for the S-qubit in a typical timescale of hundreds of milliseconds, and verify its small crosstalk on a nearby F-qubit with coherence time above seconds. Our work demonstrates an enabling function of the dual-type qubit scheme for scalable quantum networks.

Production of transgenic periclinal chimeras in pumpkin - a tool for revealing cell fates of L1 meristem.

Genetic engineering is commonly used to improve the agronomic traits of crops. However, genetic transformation in pumpkin remains a challenge. Conducting transformation trials, we accidentally created transgenic L1 periclinal chimeras in pumpkins. Using our modified Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, we generated transgenic L1 periclinal chimeras which have high value in research on development of the meristem. Fluorescence observations of transformed L1 cells enabled us to reveal cell fates. These L1 cells can develop into stomata, epidermal hairs, seed coat, and epidermis of the root, stem, leaf, flower, and fruit. These periclinal chimeras can be propagated vegetatively with minimal risk of transgene flow. This study offers new perspectives on development of the meristem and a promising technique for creating transgenic periclinal chimeras in plants.

Apparent diffusion coefficient and its standard deviation from diffusion-weighted imaging in preoperative predicting liver invasion by T3-staged resectable gallbladder carcinoma.

AIM: To evaluate apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and its standard deviation (SDADC) in preoperative predicting liver invasion by T3-staged gallbladder carcinoma (GBC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-one consecutive patients with T3-staged resectable GBC were included and divided into two sets with (n=27) and without (n=14) liver invasion. All patients underwent DWI at b-values of 0, 20, 50, 80, 100, 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1,000 s/mm2 with a 3 T magnetic resonance imaging scanner before surgery. ADC and SDADC of tumour-adjacent and tumour-distant liver tissues were measured on DWI, and were compared by Mann-Whitney U-tests. If there was a significant difference in any derived parameter, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to assess performance of this parameter to predict liver invasion. RESULTS: DWI could differentiate between patients with and without liver invasion when b = 0, 1,000 s/mm2 (AUCs of ADC and SDADC were 0.697 and 0.714, respectively). In patients with liver invasion, mean ADC and SDADC of tumour-adjacent liver tissue were lower than of tumour-distant liver tissue when b = 0, 800 s/mm2, and = 0, 1,000 s/mm2 (all p-values <0.05). To differentiate tumour-adjacent from tumour-distant liver tissues in patients with liver invasion, AUCs of ADC were 0.687 (b = 0, 800 s/mm2) and 0.680 (b = 0, 1,000 s/mm2), and AUCs of SDADC were 0.673 (b = 0, 800 s/mm2) and 0.731 (b = 0, 1,000 s/mm2). CONCLUSIONS: DWI could have potential value in preoperative predicting liver invasion by T3-staged GBC.

[Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of central obesity/pre-central obesity and influencing factors in Jilin Province].

Objective: To understand the epidemiological characteristics of central obesity and pre-central obesity and influencing factors in residents in Jilin Province, and provide reference for the prevention and control of central obesity and pre-central obesity. Methods: Based on the results of early screening and comprehensive intervention program in high-risk groups of cardiovascular disease in Jilin dyring 2017-2018, a total of 11 903 participants aged 35-75 years in 6 project areas in Jilin were included as the survey subjects for physical examination, laboratory test and questionnaire survey. The prevalence of central obesity and pre-central obesity in populations with different characteristic and health status were analyzed by χ2 test, trend χ2 test, F-test. Multivariate logistic regression model was used for influencing factor analysis. Results: The central obesity rate was 33.35% (3 970/11 903), the standardized rate was 31.73%, the pre-central obesity rate was 28.79% (3 427/11 903), the standardized rate was 28.86%. Multifactor analysis results showed that being rural resident (OR=1.99, 95%CI: 1.78-2.23), being woman (OR=1.76, 95%CI: 1.57-1.97), 65-75 years old (OR=1.21, 95%CI: 1.03-1.45), senior high school and technical secondary school education level (OR=1.38, 95%CI: 1.17-1.63), annual family income >100 000 yuan (OR=1.65, 95%CI: 1.20-2.26), overweight (OR=9.27, 95%CI: 8.26-10.41), obesity (OR=82.82, 95%CI: 62.63-109.52), normal high blood pressure (OR=1.49, 95%CI: 1.27-1.74), hypertension (OR=1.70, 95%CI: 1.42-2.04), diabetes (OR=2.30, 95%CI: 1.94-2.73), dyslipidemia (OR=1.33, 95%CI: 1.18-1.50) were positively related to the risk for central obesity and pre central obesity. Conclusions: The prevalence rates of central obesity and pre central obesity in residents in Jilin were at high levels, being rural resident, being woman, older age, senior high school and technical secondary school education level, high income, overweight and obesity, normal high blood pressure and hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia were risk factors for central obesity and pre-central obesity in Jilin.

Muscle Fat Content Is Associated with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Liver Fibrosis in Chinese Adults.

OBJECTIVES: Several studies have linked myosteatosis with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in individuals with obesity. The clinical significance of myosteatosis in individuals with NAFLD in the general population has not been well investigated. Here, we wanted to explore and compare the associations of NAFLD and liver fibrosis with muscle fat content and skeletal muscle mass (SMM) in a relatively large general population in China. METHODS: We retrospectively included all participants who underwent abdominal CT scans in our health promotion center between April 2021 and October 2021. Muscle fat content was assessed by abdomen quantitative computed tomography (QCT) scans, and SMM was evaluated by bioelectrical impedance. NAFLD was assessed by ultrasonography. The NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS) and Fibrosis-4 Index (FIB-4) score were calculated to assess liver fibrosis. RESULTS: Compared with participants without NAFLD, patients with NAFLD showed significantly increased intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT%) (7.40±3.37% vs. 6.76±2.66%, P <0.01). According to a multiple logistic regression model, IMAT% (OR=1.091, 95% CI 1.030-1.155, P=0.003) was only independently correlated with NAFLD in obese participants. Mediation analysis showed that BMI mediated the association between IMAT% and NAFLD. In participants with NAFLD, increased IMAT% was independently associated with an increased intermediate to high risk of advanced fibrosis assessed by the NFS or FIB-4 score after adjusting for multiple potential confounders. However, SMM was only independently correlated with an intermediate to high risk for advanced fibrosis evaluated by the NFS and not by the FIB-4 score. CONCLUSION: Increased muscle fat content is positively correlated with NAFLD and intermediate to high risk for advanced fibrosis in the general Chinese population.

Effects of Yi Jin Jing on juvenile cervical spondylopathy in China: A parallel, randomized, assessor-blinded clinical trial.

Background: Cervical spondylopathy is a common musculo-articular disorder, multiple exercises are recommended. Chinese fitness exercises are prevalent and used to treat various diseases. Aim: To explore the efficacy of Chinese fitness exercise Yi Jin Jing exercise in intervening the cervical spondylopathy in adolescents. Patients and Methods: The study was conducted in 60 adolescent patients with cervical spondylopathy, with 30 patients in each group. Methods: The study was conducted in 60 adolescent patients with cervical spondylopathy, with 30 patients in each group. The observation group was required to take Yi Jin Jing exercise, and the control group took the brisk walking exercise. The first week was the preparatory period for the patients, and then the participants were required to do exercises three times a week for at least 30 minutes in the later 3 weeks. Before and after treatment, Neck Disability Index (NDI) scores, pain visual analog scale (VAS) scores, and cervical curvature in both groups were observed, and the incidence of adverse events in both groups was recorded during the trial. Results: The NDI and VAS scores in both groups statistically decreased after intervention and mildly increased at follow-up, while the reduction in scores of the Yi Jin Jing group was more significant. Cervical curvature in both groups improved on day 28 compared to day 0. There were no adverse reactions during the evaluation period. Conclusion: The Chinese health-care qigong Yi Jin Jing exercise is more effective than brisk walking in improving the cervical range of motion and relieving pain in adolescents with cervical spondylopathy. Trial registration/Protocol registration: Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2000030723).

[Analysis of the reentry status of blood donors with reactive bloodborne pathogen screening markers in Hangzhou City].

Objective: To explore the reentry rate of reactive blood donors in the bloodborne pathogen infection screening in Hangzhou City, and analyze the donation behavior of those who successfully returned. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the return data of blood donors with reactive bloodborne pathogen screening markers was conducted at Zhejiang Provincial Blood Center from June 2017 to May 2022. The reentry process for blood donors with reactive bloodborne pathogen screening markers in Hangzhou City is as follows: after the initial screening period of 6 months, donors can voluntarily apply for return to the blood center. Samples are collected and subjected to routine enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) screening for HBsAg, anti-HCV, HIV Ab/Ag, and anti-TP, as well as a single nucleic acid (HIV/HCV/HBV) test. For samples that show non-reactivity in both ELISA and nucleic acid tests, serum biomarker testing for the reasons of exclusion is performed using chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA), and those with non-reactivity are allowed to return. Results: A total of 4 583 reactive blood donors who met the criteria for re-entry applied for reentry, out of which 475 applications were received from donors in the Hangzhou area. Among these, 279 donors were successfully readmitted, resulting in a success rate of 58.74% (279/475). By the end of December 2021, out of the 174 donors who successfully returned, 114 donors chose to donate again. They collectively donated 39 530 ml of whole blood and 1 147.2 therapeutic doses of platelets. Among these, 21 donors once again showed reactivity for pathogen infection biomarkers, accounting for 18.42% (21/114). Conclusion: The reentry strategy has somewhat mitigated the attrition of blood donors. Nevertheless, there are instances where donors who were successfully readmitted show reactivity once more in the screening for pathogen infection biomarkers.

[The epidemiology and pathogeny investigation of two clusters of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome disease outbreaking in Henan Province, 2022].

To investigate two clusters of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) in Xinyang City, Henan Province, in 2022, and analyze their causes, transmission route, risk factors, and the characteristics of virus genetic variation. Case search and case investigation were carried out according to the case definition. Blood samples from cases, family members and neighbors and samples of biological vectors were collected for RT-PCR to detect SFTSV. The whole genome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were performed on the collected positive samples. A total of two clustered outbreaks occurred, involving two initial cases and ten secondary cases, all of which were family recurrent cases. Among them, nine secondary cases had close contact with the blood of the initial case, and it was determined that close contact with blood was the main risk factor for the two clustered outbreaks. After genome sequencing analysis, we found that the SFTSV genotype in two cases was type A, which was closely related to previous endemic strains in Xinyang. The nucleotide sequence of the SFTSV in the case was highly homologous, with a total of nine amino acid mutation sites in the coding region. It was not ruled out that its mutation sites might have an impact on the outbreak of the epidemic.

[A case of metastatic breast cancer complicated by pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy].

Pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy is a malignancy-related complication with rapid progression and high mortality. To improve the understanding of the disease, early diagnosis and treatment are key to successful treatment. A 39-year-old patient with pulmonary hypertension transferred from another hospital was admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University on September 26, 2021. The patient developed shortness of breath and progressive exacerbation over the past month. No pulmonary artery embolism was seen on computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) at the outside hospital where the breast cancer was diagnosed. Pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy was immediately considered on admission and oncological endocrine therapy was started. After treatment, the patient's dyspnoea improved, PET-CT showed significant tumor regression, and cardiac ultrasound showed a significant decrease in pulmonary artery pressure. The successful treatment experience of this case was summarized for reference.

[Analysis of distribution characteristics of specific immunoglobulin E in 8 092 children with eczema and urticaria in a hospital of pediatric in Tianjin City].

To investigate the common specific immunoglobulin E(sIgE) in children with eczema and urticaria, compare the allergies in children with different diseases, genders and ages, and provide the scientific basis for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment. A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the children who were suspected of eczema and urticaria and tested for serum sIgE in the Tianjin Children's Hospital from December 2019 to August 2021. A total of 8 092 serum samples were tested for ten food allergens and ten inhaled allergens. The method was the enzyme-linked immune capture assay. The allergen epidemiological characteristics were statistically analyzed by Chi square test based on the children's characteristics and factors such as different sexes and ages and by the mass data. The results showed that the positive rate of eczema was 64.42%(5 213/8 092), and the urticaria was 35.58%(2 879/8 092). The positive rate of specific IgE was 66.65%(5 393/8 092), the food allergens was 61.74%(4 996/8 092), and the inhaled allergens was 34.85%(2 820/8 092). The top three positive rates of food allergens were egg 46.65%(3 775/8 092), milk 32.64%(2 641/8 092) and wheat flour 15.08%(1 220/8 092). The top three positive rates of inhaled allergens were house dust 21.40%(1 732/8 092), Alternaria 11.78%(953/8 092) and Dermatophagoides farinae 7.33%(593/8 092). The positivity of food allergens and inhaled allergens was significantly different in different age groups. The positive rates of food allergens in different age groups were 48.92%(947/1 936) in<1 year old, 72.28%(2 680/3 708) in 1-3 years old, 64.58%(919/1 423) in 4-6 years old and 43.90%(450/1 025) in>6 years old. The positive rates of inhaled allergens in different age groups were 17.67%(342/1 936) in<1 year old, 36.35%(1 348/3 708) in 1-3 years old, 46.38%(660/1 423) in 4-6 years old and 45.85%(470/1 025) in>6 years old. The top six positive rates of allergens of eczema were the same with urticaria, which were egg, milk, house dust, wheat flour, Alternaria and Dermatophagoides farinae. The allergens (greater than or equal to grade 4) differed in children with eczema and urticaria. Moreover, there were significant differences in the positive rates of Alternaria, egg, wheat flour, crab and shrimp. In conclusion, this study can reflect the epidemic characteristics of allergens in children with eczema and urticaria to a certain extent. There were significant differences in the positive rates of allergens between different age groups. It is necessary to reasonably avoid the high-risk allergens according to the epidemiological characteristics and clinical symptoms, which provide valuable information for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of allergic diseases.