[Spontaneous mutational background of microorganisms in the absence of substrate]. / O spontannom mutatsionnom fone mikroorganizmov v usloviiakh absoliutnogo substratnogo goloda.

The dynamics of spontaneous mutagenesis in a population of heterotrophic microorganisms during incubation in the absence of organic substrate was studied. A model of this dynamics was proposed. which is determined by the excitation by an external electromagnetic field of Langmuir proton oscillations activating the tautomeric transitions of nucleotides of DNA. It was shown that the model fits well the experimental data.

[A source of energy for survival and amplification of heterotrophic microorganisms in the absence of organic substrate. I. Formulation of a hypothesis]. / Ob istochnike énergii dlia sokhraneniia zhiznesposobnosti i amplifikatsii geterotrofnykh microorganizmov v usloviiakh substratnogo goloda. I. Formulirovka gipotezy.

The dynamic characteristics of populations of heterotrophic microorganisms Escherichia coli incubated in a medium devoid of organic substrate were studied. It was found that the population dynamics is related to the electromagnetic environment. A mathematical and physical models of cell multiplication in a medium free of organic substrate were constructed. In these models the natural electromagnetic background near the Earth surface serves as a source of free energy.

[A source of energy for survival and amplification of heterotrophic microorganisms in the absence of organic substrate. II. Substantiation of a hypothesis]. / Ob istochnike énergii dlia sokhraneniia zhiznesposobnosti i amplifikatsii geterotrofnykh microorganizmov v usloviiakh substratnogo goloda. II. Obosnovanie gipotezy.

Statistical characteristics of E. coli heterotroph populations upon incubation in a substrate-free medium were investigated. It was shown that the model of Langmuir proton oscillations in water media is adequate to experimental data.

[A source of energy for survival and amplification of heterotrophic microorganisms in the absence of organic substrate. III. Essential and sufficient conditions]. / Ob istochnike énergii dlia sokhraneniia zhiznesposobnosti i amplifikatsii geterotrofnykh microorganizmov v usloviiakh substratnogo goloda. III. Neobkhodimye i dostatochnye usloviia.

Theoretical estimates and experimental data obtained upon incubation of steady-state populations of microorganisms in the absence of organic substrates were compared. The physiological parameters of water microorganisms and the physicochemical properties of water were analyzed.

[The influence of superoxide dismutase and catalase on the course of the pathological process in the lungs in experimental silicosis]. / Vliianie superoksiddismutazy i katalazy na razvitie patologicheskogo protsessa v legkikh pri éksperimental'nom silikoze.

The authors studied role of antioxidant enzymes--superoxide dismutase and catalase--in pathogenesis of experimental pulmonary silicosis in rats. Experimental silicosis was induced by intratracheal administration of quartz dust, 20 mg. Aerosols of superoxide dismutase and catalase water solutions were inhaled twice a week during first month and 5 times a week over the next 1.5 months. The results perfectly match the previous data proving quartz dust to stimulate granulocytes' release of extracellular superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide. The research results also demonstrate important role of agents moving one electron for reduction of oxygen in silicosis pathogenesis.

[Effect of chrysotile-asbestos and zeolites dust on generations of reactive oxygen species by alveolar macrophages and granulocytes]. / Vliianie pyleí khrizotil-asbesta i tseolitov na generatsiiu aktivnykh form kisloroda al'veoliarnymi makrofagami i granulotsitami.

Different characteristics of the influence of dusts of chrysotile--asbestos, mordenite, erionite and klinoptilolite on the total generation of the active forms of oxygen by the alveolar macrophages and the generation of O2- and H2O2 by the granulocytes give the possibility to connect some of these characteristics with the peculiarity of biological action these dusts. It is discovered the most strong activating properties has the dust of chrysotile--asbestos, and the most cytotoxic effect has the dust of klinoptilolite.

[The use of the immunoperoxidase test with monoclonal antibodies for detecting influenza A viruses]. / Ispol'zovanie immunoperoksidaznogo testa s monoklonal'nymi antitelami dlia vyiavleniia virusov grippa A.

The immunoperoxidase test was used to detect influenza virus in cells of a chorionallanthois shell of infected chicken embryos. Application of monoclonal antibodies D8 and A11 in the analysis has permitted detecting reproduction of type A (subtypes H1N1, H2N2, H3N2) viruses, the PGA titre of the respective allantois liquids being not lower than 1:16. The matrix protein and hemagglutinin, detection of which underlies this analysis, were found on the cell membrane, in the perinucleus region and as cytoplasmic inclusions.

[The use of monoclonal antibodies for detecting the influenza virus]. / Ispol'zovanie monoklonal'nykh antitel dlia vyiavleniia virusa grippa.

The possibilities of using influenza A (Leningrad) 385/80 (H3N2) virus matrix protein-specific FITC-labeled D8 monoclonal antibodies in immunofluorescence assays were investigated. The virus antigen accumulation was detected in chorioallantoic cells of chick embryos. Exhibiting the type-specific properties, the fluorescent antibodies stain the perinuclear space, cytoplasmic membrane, and granular structures in the cytoplasm of infected cells. The haemagglutination test tires in the corresponding specimens were at least 1:16.

Effect of quartz and alumina dust on generation of superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide by alveolar macrophages, granulocytes, and monocytes.

Phagocytosis of quartz particles by rabbit alveolar macrophages and monocytes and human granulocytes and monocytes was accompanied by stimulation of substrate free reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium to formazan. This reflects activation of an oxygen dependent bactericidal system of phagocytes and total (exogenic and endogenic) generation of active oxygen species. Low fibrogenic and cytotoxic alumina dust tended to increase formazan production by comparison with quartz dust. During phagocytosis of quartz dust by alveolar macrophages and monocytes there was no exogenic generation of superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide by these cells. By contrast, incubation of human granulocytes with quartz dust caused a significant increase in exogenic generation of superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide. Under such conditions, low fibrogenic alumina dust had no effect on hydrogen peroxide generation and substantially decreased the level of superoxide radical generation by human granulocytes. During incubation of rabbit granulocytes with quartz dust, an increase in the level of superoxide radical generation was also detected. It is considered that the differences between alveolar macrophages and granulocytes in their response to quartz dust are important from a physiological point of view. Alveolar macrophages are permanently present in pulmonary alveolae in large quantities; therefore their uncontrolled generation of superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide might immediately cause damage to pulmonary parenchyma. At the same time, destruction products from alveolar macrophages that died during phagocytosis of quartz particles contain a factor attracting granulocytes. Presence of a significant number of granulocytes in bronchopulmonary lavage fluid in cases of silicosis indicates development of a pathological process. This agrees well with the data obtained on exogenic generation of superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide by granulocytes, and on stimulation of this process due to phagocytosis of the quartz dust.

[Deviation from a Poisson distribution in a series of identical tests of E. coli cultures as a result of the effect of correlating factors of exo- and endogenous natures]. / Otkloneniia ot raspredeleniia Puassona v riadu identichnykh prob kul'tury E. coli kak sledstvie deistviia korreliruiushchikh faktorov ékzo- i éndogennoi prirody.

Vital cells number (VCN) in the sampling of E. coli populations was experimentally measured and distribution histograms were obtained. In most cases distributions show considerable deviation from Poisson model. VCN distribution histograms are polymodal, dispersion/arithmetical mean ratio may essentially differ from 1. The more essential differences from Poisson distribution were observed for populations with the higher cell concentration. Computer simulation of the VCN histograms indicated that additional parameters (such as those describing cellular interaction of different nature and/or other factors that influence random behaviour of cells) should be introduced into Poisson model to explain observed variations in VCN distribution histograms.

[Vertebrogenic lesions of the peripheral nervous system in pregnant women and puerperae]. / O vertebrogennykh porazheniiakh perifericheskoi nervnoi sistemy u beremennykh, rozhenits i rodil'nits.

Neurologic appearance of spinal osteochondrosis was assessed in 112 pregnant women and puerperae . In 75 females osteochondrosis involved the lumbosacral and in 37 ones cervical-thoracic regions. In the majority of the patients (79%) vertebrogenic lesions manifested with reflex syndromes. Provoking factors and the clinical pattern of the disease are considered with special emphasis on the role of pregnancy and labour as promoters of pain recurrences and the onset of new symptoms in women with neurological picture of osteochondrosis.

[Effects of mineral dust on generation of superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide by alveolar macrophages, granulocytes and monocytes]. / Vliianie mineral'nykh pylei na generatsiiu superoksidnykh radikalov i perekisi vodoroda al'veoliarnymi makrofagami, granulotsitami i monotsitami.

Phagocytosis of quartz dust by alveolar macrophages and monocytes of rabbits and human monocytes and granulocytes is accompanied by stimulation of substrateless recovery of nitroblue tetrazolium to formazan. It reflects activation of oxygen-dependent bactericidal phagocyte system and generation of active oxygen forms. Less fibrogenic and cytotoxic dust of aluminium oxide increased formazan formation insignificantly. Extracellular generation of superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide was not discovered during phagocytosis of quartz by alveolar macrophages and monocytes. Incubation of human granulocytes with silica caused, on contrary, considerable increase in exogenous generation of superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide. Less fibrogenic dust of aluminium oxide under the conditions had no effect on generation of hydrogen peroxide and induced acute decrease in generation of superoxide radicals by granulocytes. The obtained results testify both to the essential part of active oxygen form during pathologic processes with pneumoconiosis, and also to a great similarity among biochemical processes, characterizing interaction of alveolar macrophages and monocytes with mineral dust.

[Pregnancy and labor in patients with brain tumor and the pseudotumor cerebri syndrome]. / Beremennost' i rody pri mozgovykh opukholiakh i sindrome tserebral'nogo psevdotumora.

This is a presentation of clinical progress and outcomes of pregnancy in 240 women with cerebral tumors (n-16) and pseudotumors (n-224). Etiologies of cerebral pseudotumors included inflammatory diseases of the nervous system (n-86), cerebrovascular disease (n-81), benign intracranial hypertension (n-20), brain injuries (n-19), late toxemia of pregnancy (n-13) and cranial malformations (n-5). The disease first manifested during the gestation in 103 women. Pregnancy aggravated clinical progress of preexisting disease in 96 (79.3%) of 121 patients with pseudotumors and in 15 (93.7%) of 16 patients with cerebral tumors. Delivery was normal in 124 of 298 pregnancies, premature in 30 pregnancies and operative in 25 pregnancies; 109 pregnancies were terminated by induced or spontaneous abortions. Ten women died before delivery.

[The activation of the oxygen-dependent bactericidal system of human and rabbit monocytes by dust with different degrees of fibrogenicity]. / Issledovanie aktivatsii kislorodzavisimoi bakteritsidnoi sistemy monotsitov cheloveka i krolika pyl'iu s razlichnoi stepen'iu fibrogennosti.

Phagocytosis of quartz dusts by the monocytes of man and rabbit goes together with the stimulation of the substrate-free reduction of nitroblue tetrasolium, which reflects the activation of the cells' oxygen-depending bactericidal system. The quantity of the formasan produced increases, as compared to the control group, depending on the volume of the added dust. A less fibrogenic and cytotoxic dust of aluminum oxide causes only significant formation of formasan at the reduction of nitroblue tetrasolium. No extracellular generation of superoxide radicals and nitrogen peroxide by the cells were traced in the phagocytosis of quartz dusts by human and rabbit monocytes. The data obtained reveals a close similarity of the biochemical processes in the action of alveolar macrophages and monocytes with mineral dusts, and confirms a possibility of using the substrate-free reduction of nitroblue tetrasolium in the assessment of the hazardousness of industrial dusts.

[The symptom of congestive optic disks in the benign intracranial hypertension syndrome]. / Simptom zastoinykh diskov zritel'nykh nervov pri sindrome dobrokachestvennoi vnutricherepnoi gipertenzii.

Observations over 28 patients with benign intracranial hypertension, aged from 15 to 50 years, of them 25 women and 3 men, have shown that among possible etiologic factors of benign intracranial hypertension there appeared to be pregnancy in 19 women, respiratory infection--in 3 patients, climacterium--in 2, hypothyrosis--in 2, galactorrhea-amenorrhea--in 1, mild craniocerebral trauma--in 1; 75% of patients had excessive body mass. Among main symptoms of benign intracranial hypertension there were head pains (100%), congestive optic discs (100%), rise of csf pressure (87.5%), nausea and vomiting (80%). In a part of patients there was obnubilation (7), nystagmus (4), damage of the abducent nerve (4), retro-orbital pains (3), transient disturbances of visual functions (fall of visual acuity in 5, defects of visual field in 5). In I woman amaurosis in both eyes remained. The duration of the disease varied from 2 months to 2 years. In 3 women there were recurrences of benign intracranial hypertension.