[Specificity of anemic syndrome in geriatric patients with chronic kidney disease.]

Anemic syndrome is detected in 10-25% of geriatric patients, and with increasing age, there is a tendency to increase the incidence of the disease. Among the diseases that lead to the development of anemia, kidney pathology plays an important role. Progressive deterioration of kidney function in old age is associated with an increased risk of fractures, sarcopenia, and the development of cognitive impairment. Also, nephrogenic anemia aggravates the prognosis in patients with cardiovascular diseases, which is associated with an increase in myocardial ischemia, an increase in tissue hypoxia, a progression of left ventricular hypertrophy, and a decrease in left ventricular systolic function.

[Arterial stiffness in elderly patients with chronic kidney disease, in combination with coronary artery disease and hypertension].

The effect of renal dysfunction in combination with arterial hypertension and coronary heart disease (CHD) on the arterial stiffness in elderly patients was studied. The study included 121 patients (56 men and 65 women) aged 75 to 90 years with chronic kidney disease (CKD): 93 patients with stage III and IV CKD and 28 patients with stage I and II CKD with a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of more than 60 ml/min per 1,73 m2 (control group). To study the method of arterial stiffness ankle-brachial sphygmography, the authors defined parameters of pulse wave velocity (PWV), ankle-brachial index and augmentation index. In elderly patients with CHD, hypertension and I-II stage CKD PWV was 15,9±2,29 m/s, in combination with stage III CKD PWV was 18,8±2,15 m/s, in combination stage IV CKD PWV was 21,25±2,29 m/s. PWV was significantly increased with a decrease in GFR per 15 ml/min per 1,73 m². The researchers found that the decline in renal function in stages III and IV CKD lead to a significant increase in PWV in elderly patients, which allows using this indication to assess the state of the cardiovascular system.

[The anti-viral activity of the complex glycyrrhizic acid-alpha-glutamyl-tryptophan against experimental lethal influenza infection in white mice caused by oseltamivir-resistant strain of the virus].

Influenza virus is a leading causing factor of infectious respiratory human pathology. The ability to implement the antigenic drift and development of drug resistance makes it important to develop novel anti-influenza drugs of wide spectrum of activity. In this work, we present the results of the study of the activity of a combination of glycyrrhizic acid with dipeptide alpha-glutamyl-tryptophan against oseltamivir-reistant strain of the virus Al Vladivostok/2/09 (H1 N1) on the model of lethal influenza infection in white mice. Application of Orvilax was shown to decrease the specific mortality of animals (index of protection 39-67% depending on the dose of the virus and drugs combination), to increase the mean day of death to 3.7-5.0 days and decrease the infectious titer of the virus in lung tissue to 1.3 Ig EID50/20 mg. The corresponding figures for the reference compound Tamiflu were 8-11%, 0.5-1.5 days, and 0.6 Ig EID50/20 mg. The use of Orvilax also led to reliable increase of the titers of interferon in the blood from 30.4 to 56.5 ME/mL. The results obtained allow the drug to be considered as a promising anti-influenza remedy that is active against the drug-resistant virus strains.

[The biological activity of saparal in an influenzal infection]. / Biologicheskaia aktivnost' saparala pri grippoznoi infektsii.

The antiviral and interferon-inducing activity of saparal, an adaptogen of plant origin, was studied. Tests in experimental mice demonstrated the interferon-inducing activity of saparal providing its antiviral effect. An optimal scheme of saparal administration was developed. The preparation had no direct inhibitory effect on influenza virus replication. The application of saparal for prophylaxis among workers resulted in a 2-fold or greater decrease of influenza and other ARD morbidity and in an increase of endogenous serum interferon level in 67-75% of the persons examined.

[The antiviral activity of deitiforin in experimental para-influenza infection]. / Protivovirusnaia aktivnost' deitiforina pri éksperimental'noi paragrippoznoi infektsii.

Deitiforin in HEp-2 cell culture was shown to inhibit replication of the reference PIV-3 strain when administered 1 hour before virus inoculation. The most marked effect of the drug was observed in the first 4 days of observation. In experimental newborn mice infected with parainfluenza virus 3 deitiforin protected the animals from developing the infection. In humans given deitiforin reaction to vaccination was found to develop 5-6 times more rarely than in the control group, PIV-3 could be isolated twice as rarely, and a diagnostically significant rise of specific antibody levels was observed less frequently.

[The efficacy of ribamidil in experimental RS-virus infection]. / Izuchenie éffektivnosti ribamidila pri éksperimental'noi RS-virusnoi infektsii.

The antiviral activity of a national analogue of virasol, ribamydil, with regard to RS virus infection was studied in tissue culture and in experimental animals. In L-41 cell cultures ribamydil in a dose of 60 micrograms/ml or more completely inhibited multiplication of RS virus strain Long, in a titre of 4.75 lg CPD50. The drug concentrations of 30, 15, and 7 micrograms/ml reduced the virus content by 3.75, 2.75 and 2.0 lg CPD50, respectively; ED50 of the drug was 7 micrograms/ml, the chemotherapeutic index was 71. In cotton rats, RS virus infection could be reproduced in 95%. Subcutaneous inoculation of the injection form of ribamydil in a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight prevented the development of infection with RS virus in 100% of the animals.

[Effect of remantadine on the immunodepressive action of influenza virus]. / Vliianie remantadina na immunodepressivnoe deistvie virusa grippa.

Inoculation of mice with strains of influenza virus toxigenic or pathogenic for these animals resulted in significant inhibition of formation of the antibody-producing cells in response to inoculation with sheep erythrocytes. Inoculation of mice with influenza virus strains having no toxicity or pathogenicity for mice did not lead to the development of immunosuppression. The treatment of mice with remantadine prevented inhibition of formation of antibody-producing cells.