Transcreation matters: A learner centric participatory approach for adapting cancer prevention messages for Latinos.

BACKGROUND: Advancing health equity requires innovative patient education approaches for adapting English-language evidence-based interventions (EBIs) to resonate with multicultural, multilingual audiences. OBJECTIVE: Examine the benefit, functionality, and practical considerations of transcreation (translation + cultural adaptation) as a critical and salient learner-centric process for developing a Spanish-language intervention (photonovella + video): Un examen sencillo para un colon saludable (A simple test for a healthy colon). PATIENT/COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT: We involved patients/community members in a participatory reflective process, from problem identification to intervention design, development, delivery, and impact measurement. METHODS: A community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach involving formative research plus systematic iterative pretesting and learner verification checks augmented by a community advisory board guided the transcreation processes. RESULTS: Data collected using a learner-centric approach effectively produced a new Spanish-language EBI and substantiated the value of co-learner/co-design methods. Learner-centric methods identified cultural nuances that were treated as knowledge and integrated into the intervention materials and study design. Pilot testing of the intervention among Latinos receiving care at community clinics demonstrated improved initial colorectal cancer screening uptake, awareness, and perceived susceptibility. DISCUSSION: Inherent in the transcreation process was learner involvement that informed essential modification and adaptation of the materials. The transcreation methods led to the development of a culturally salient intervention that maintained theoretical integrity and message intent as well as behavioral activation. Findings have broad implications for the creation and transfer of EBIs to new audiences for greater adoption, engagement, and 'reach' of interventions. PRACTICAL VALUE: Transcreation aligns with a growing paradigm shift in health communication science that brings to light the beneficial effect that construction and application of cultural knowledge has on patient education toward health equity.

Association Among Polyphenol Intake, Uric Acid, and Hyperuricemia: A Cross-Sectional Analysis in a Population at High Cardiovascular Risk.

Background Dietary polyphenol intake has been associated with a decreased risk of hyperuricemia, but most of this knowledge comes from preclinical studies. The aim of the present study was to assess the association of the intake of different classes of polyphenols with serum uric acid and hyperuricemia. Methods and Results This cross-sectional analysis involved baseline data of 6332 participants. Food polyphenol content was estimated by a validated semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire and from the Phenol-Explorer database. Multivariable-adjusted linear regression models with serum uric acid (milligrams per deciliter) as the outcome and polyphenol intake (quintiles) as the main independent variable were fitted. Cox regression models with constant follow-up time (t=1) were performed to estimate the prevalence ratios (PRs) of hyperuricemia (≥7 mg/dL in men and ≥6 mg/dL in women). An inverse association between the intake of the phenolic acid class (ß coefficient, -0.17 mg/dL for quintile 5 versus quintile 1 [95% CI, -0.27 to -0.06]) and hydroxycinnamic acids (ß coefficient, -0.19 [95% CI, -0.3 to -0.09]), alkylmethoxyphenols (ß coefficient, -0.2 [95% CI, -0.31 to -0.1]), and methoxyphenols (ß coefficient, -0.24 [95% CI, -0.34 to -0.13]) subclasses with serum uric acid levels and hyperuricemia (PR, 0.82 [95% CI, 0.71-0.95]; PR, 0.82 [95% CI, 0.71-0.95]; PR, 0.80 [95% CI, 0.70-0.92]; and PR, 0.79 [95% CI, 0.69-0.91]; respectively) was found. The intake of hydroxybenzoic acids was directly and significantly associated with mean serum uric acid levels (ß coefficient, 0.14 for quintile 5 versus quintile 1 [95% CI, 0.02-0.26]) but not with hyperuricemia. Conclusions In individuals with metabolic syndrome, a higher intake of some polyphenol subclasses (hydroxycinnamic acids, alkylmethoxyphenol, and methoxyphenol) was inversely associated with serum uric acid levels and hyperuricemia. Nevertheless, our findings warrant further research.

Role of Micronutrients and Gut Microbiota-Derived Metabolites in COVID-19 Recovery.

A balanced and varied diet provides diverse beneficial effects on health, such as adequate micronutrient availability and a gut microbiome in homeostasis. Besides their participation in biochemical processes as cofactors and coenzymes, vitamins and minerals have an immunoregulatory function; meanwhile, gut microbiota and its metabolites coordinate directly and indirectly the cell response through the interaction with the host receptors. Malnourishment is a crucial risk factor for several pathologies, and its involvement during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic has been reported. This pandemic has caused a significant decline in the worldwide population, especially those with chronic diseases, reduced physical activity, and elder age. Diet and gut microbiota composition are probable causes for this susceptibility, and its supplementation can play a role in reestablishing microbial homeostasis and improving immunity response against Coronavirus Disease 2019 infection and recovery. This study reviews the role of micronutrients and microbiomes in the risk of infection, the severity of disease, and the Coronavirus Disease 2019 sequelae.

Monkeypox in a Young Infant - Florida, 2022.

In August 2022, the Florida Department of Health (FDOH) was notified of a suspected case of monkeypox in an infant aged <2 months who was admitted to a Florida hospital with a rash and cellulitis. This case report highlights findings from the related epidemiologic investigation and describes the public health actions taken. This activity was reviewed by CDC and was conducted consistent with applicable federal law and CDC policy.* This is the youngest patient with confirmed monkeypox infection in Florida to date.

Medidas terapéuticas para mujeres agredidas en tiempos de Covid-19.

No disponible.

Probiotics: Protecting Our Health from the Gut.

The gut microbiota (GM) comprises billions of microorganisms in the human gastrointestinal tract. This microbial community exerts numerous physiological functions. Prominent among these functions is the effect on host immunity through the uptake of nutrients that strengthen intestinal cells and cells involved in the immune response. The physiological functions of the GM are not limited to the gut, but bidirectional interactions between the gut microbiota and various extraintestinal organs have been identified. These interactions have been termed interorganic axes by several authors, among which the gut-brain, gut-skin, gut-lung, gut-heart, and gut-metabolism axes stand out. It has been shown that an organism is healthy or in homeostasis when the GM is in balance. However, altered GM or dysbiosis represents a critical factor in the pathogenesis of many local and systemic diseases. Therefore, probiotics intervene in this context, which, according to various published studies, allows balance to be maintained in the GM, leading to an individual's good health.

Data for the synthesis, characterization, and use of xerogels as adsorbents for the removal of fluoride and bromide in aqueous phase.

Groundwater with high fluoride concentrations has been recognized as one of the serious concerns worldwide. Besides, the fluoride released into the groundwater by slow dissolution of fluoride-containing rocks, various industries also contribute to fluoride pollution [1]. Excess intake of fluoride leads to various health problems such as dental and skeletal fluorosis, cancer, infertility, brain damage, thyroid diseases, etc. [2]. On the other hand, bromide is naturally present in surface and groundwater sources. However, during the chlorination process, bromide can be oxidized to HOBr, which can react with natural organic matter in water to form brominated organic disinfection byproducts, which are very harmful to human health [3]. Among various methods for water treatment, the adsorption process has been widely used and seems to be an efficient and attractive method for the removal of many contaminants in water, such as anions, in terms of cost, simplicity of design, and operation [4], [5]. In the past years, xerogels and carbon xerogels, a new type of adsorbents, which are synthesized by the sol-gel polycondensation of resorcinol and formaldehyde, have gained attention due to their moldable texture and chemical properties [6]. Moreover, melamine addition in resorcinol and formaldehyde xerogels adds basic groups on its surface, favouring Lewis acid-base interactions between xerogels and other components by adsorption [7]. In this data article, the synthesis of three resorcinol-formaldehyde (R/F) xerogels with an increasing amount of melamine (M) was carried out by colloidal polymerization (molar ratios of M/R = 0.5, M/R = 1.0, and M/R = 2.0). Additionally, samples of M/R = 0.5 xerogel were carbonized at 400, 450, and 550 °C under an inert atmosphere to increase their specific area. Organic and carbon xerogels obtained were characterized by FTIR, TGA, SEM, Physisorption of N2, and the pH at the point of zero charge (pHPZC). All organic xerogels were also tested as adsorbents on the removal of fluoride and bromide ions from aqueous phase. The Freundlich, Langmuir, and Radke-Prausnitz isotherm models were applied to interpret the experimental data from adsorption equilibrium. Additionally, the data of the mass of the xerogel needed to remove fluoride and bromide from groundwater and fulfill the maximum concentration levels are also included.

Online Health Information Seeking and eHealth Literacy Among Spanish Language-Dominant Latino Adults Receiving Care in a Community Clinic: Secondary Analysis of Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial Data.

BACKGROUND: eHealth literacy is the ability to seek, obtain, and decipher online health information (OHI) for health and disease management. Rapid developments in eHealth (eg, health care services and online information) place increased demands on patients to have high eHealth literacy levels. Yet, greater emphasis on eHealth may disproportionately affect groups with limited eHealth literacy. Cultural background, language, and eHealth literacy are influential considerations affecting health care and information access, health care use, and successful eHealth resource use, and they may influence OHI seeking for behavioral change toward cancer prevention. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to characterize the extent of OHI seeking and eHealth literacy among Spanish-dominant (SD) Latino adults aged 50 to 75 years. Further, we aimed to examine potential associations between sociodemographic characteristics, Preventive Health Model (PHM) constructs, OHI-seeking behaviors, and eHealth literacy, separately. METHODS: Participants (N=76) self-identified as Latino, were enrolled in a colorectal cancer (CRC) screening intervention, were aged 50 to 75 years, were at average risk for CRC, were not up to date with CRC screening, and preferred receiving health information in Spanish. We describe participants' sociodemographic characteristics, PHM constructs, OHI-seeking behaviors, and eHealth literacy-among those seeking OHI-assessed at enrollment. Descriptive analyses were first performed for all variables. Next, primary univariate logistic analyses explored possible associations with OHI seeking. Finally, using data from those seeking OHI, exploratory univariate analyses sought possible associations with eHealth literacy. RESULTS: A majority (51/76, 67%) of the participants were female, 62% (47/76) reported not having graduated high school, and 41% (31/76) reported being unemployed or having an annual income of less than US $10,000. Additionally, 75% (57/76) of the participants reported not having health insurance. In total, 71% (54/76) of the participants reported not having sought OHI for themselves or others. Univariate logistic regression suggested that higher educational attainment was significantly associated with an increased likelihood of having sought OHI (odds ratio 17.4, 95% CI 2.0-150.7; P=.009). Among those seeking OHI (22/76, 29%), 27% (6/22) were at risk of having low eHealth literacy based on an eHealth Literacy Scale score of less than 26. Among OHI seekers (22/76, 29%), an examination of associations found that higher eHealth literacy was associated with greater self-efficacy for screening with the fecal immunochemical test (ß=1.20, 95% CI 0.14-2.26; P=.02). CONCLUSIONS: Most SD Latino participants had not sought OHI for themselves or others (eg, family or friends), thus potentially limiting access to beneficial online resources. Preliminary findings convey that higher eHealth literacy occurs among those with higher self-efficacy for CRC screening. Findings inform areas of focus for future larger-scale investigations, including further exploration of reasons for not seeking OHI among SD Latino adults and an in-depth look at eHealth literacy and cancer screening behaviors. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03078361; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03078361.

Manejo integral de la disfunción neurogénica del tracto urinario inferior en lesión medular: actualización / Comprehensive management of neurogenic dysfunction of the lower urinary tract in spinal cord injury: update

La disfunción neurogénica del tracto urinario inferior es una consecuencia frecuente en pacientes con lesión de la médula espinal y es secundaria a la hiperactividad del músculo detrusor, que compromete dos funciones principales: el almacenamiento y el vaciamiento de la orina por daño en los centros de control neurológico de la micción. Se asocia con una morbimortalidad significativa, altos costos en la atención médica y disminución en la calidad de vida. Por ello se debe detectar y tratar de manera temprana, al igual que realizar un seguimiento estrecho que reduzca el riesgo de deterioro de las vías urinarias superiores. El presente artículo tiene como finalidad revisar algunos conceptos básicos en relación con la definición, epidemiología, fisiopatología, presentación clínica, complicaciones y, en especial, el tratamiento de esta condición, siendo este último el objetivo de esta revisión.

Neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction is a frequent consequence in patients with spinal cord injury and is secondary to detrusor muscle hyperactivity, which compromises two main functions: storage and emptying of urine due to damage to the neurological control centers of micturition. It is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, high health care costs and decreased quality of life. Therefore, it should be detected and treated early, as well as closely monitored to reduce the risk of upper urinary tract impairment. The purpose of this article is to review some basic concepts in relation to the definition, epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, complications and, especially, the treatment of this condition, the latter being the objective of this review.

Intervenciones de rehabilitación en una corte transversal de pacientes diagnosticados con COVID- 9 en Chía, Colombia / Rehabilitation interventions in a cross-section of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in Chía, Colombia

Introducción. La infección por SARS CoV-2 se caracteriza por una afección multisistémica que en la etapa aguda impacta de forma negativa la funcionalidad de los pacientes. Aunque en otros países existen programas de rehabilitación para tratar pacientes con COVID-19, los cuales se basan en la prevención y manejo de complica-ciones agudas, en Colombia existen pocos datos respecto a la epidemiología de esta población. Objetivos. Describir las intervenciones médicas y de rehabilitación que se ofrecieron a los pacientes adultos con COVID-19 que requirieron manejo intrahospitalario en la Clínica Universidad de La Sabana de Chía, Colombia, y definir las características sociodemográficas de esta población. Métodos. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de las variables establecidas a través de la revisión de las historias clínicas de 96 pacientes atendidos entre julio y diciembre del 2020 en la Clínica Universidad de La Sabana. Resultados. La mayoría de los pacientes eran hombres (62,5%) y la comorbilidad más prevalente fue la hipertensión arterial (47,9%). De los pacientes que tuvieron que ingresarse a la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI), 45% requirieron soporte ventilatorio invasivo. La valoración por fisiatría se realizó en promedio a los 9,29 días desde el inicio de hospitalización y el 95,8% de los pacientes recibieron intervención por alguna modalidad terapéutica Conclusiones. Se encontró una alta prevalencia de pacientes masculinos adultos mayores con comorbilidades y procedentes de Chía. En cuanto a la intervención integral de rehabilitación, fisioterapia fue la más prescrita en un 79,5% de la población y el diagnostico más frecuente fue síndrome de desacondicionamiento físico.

Introduction. SARS CoV-2 infection is characterized by a multisystemic condition that in the acute stage has a negative impact on the functionality of patients. Although in other countries there are rehabilitation programs to treat patients with CoVID-19, which are based on the prevention and management of acute complications, in Colombia there are few data regarding the epidemiology of this population. Objectives. To describe the medical and rehabilitation interventions offered to adult patients with COVID-19 who required in-hospital management at the Clínica Universidad de La Sabana in Chía, Colombia, and to define the sociodemographic characteristics of this population. Methods. A descriptive analysis of the variables established through the review of the medical records of 96 patients attended between July and December 2020 at the Clínica Universidad de La Sabana was performed. Results. Most patients were men (62.5%) and the most prevalent comorbidity was arterial hypertension (47.9%). Of the patients who had to be admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), 45% required invasive ventilatory support. Physiatry assessment was performed on average 9.29 days after hospitalization and 95.8% of the patients received intervention by some therapeutic modality. Conclusions. A high prevalence of older male patients with comorbidities and from Chía was found. Regarding the integral rehabilitation intervention, physiotherapy was the most prescribed in 79.5% of the population and the most frequent diangosto was physical deconditioning syndrome.

In Vivo Healthy Benefits of Galacto-Oligosaccharides from Lupinus albus (LA-GOS) in Butyrate Production through Intestinal Microbiota.

Animal digestive systems host microorganism ecosystems, including integrated bacteria, viruses, fungi, and others, that produce a variety of compounds from different substrates with healthy properties. Among these substrates, α-galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) are considered prebiotics that promote the grow of gut microbiota with a metabolic output of Short Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs). In this regard, we evaluated Lupinus albus GOS (LA-GOS) as a natural prebiotic using different animal models. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of LA-GOS on the gut microbiota, SCFA production, and intestinal health in healthy and induced dysbiosis conditions (an ulcerative colitis (UC) model). Twenty C57BL/6 mice were randomly allocated in four groups (n = 5/group): untreated and treated non-induced animals, and two groups induced with 2% dextran sulfate sodium to UC with and without LA-GOS administration (2.5 g/kg bw). We found that the UC treated group showed a higher goblet cell number, lower disease activity index, and reduced histopathological damage in comparison to the UC untreated group. In addition, the abundance of positive bacteria to butyryl-CoA transferase in gut microbiota was significantly increased by LA-GOS treatment, in healthy conditions. We measured the SCFA production with significant differences in the butyrate concentration between treated and untreated healthy groups. Finally, the pH level in cecum feces was reduced after LA-GOS treatment. Overall, we point out the in vivo health benefits of LA-GOS administration on the preservation of the intestinal ecosystem and the promotion of SCFA production.

To Trap a Pathogen: Neutrophil Extracellular Traps and Their Role in Mucosal Epithelial and Skin Diseases.

Neutrophils are the most abundant circulating innate immune cells and comprise the first immune defense line, as they are the most rapidly recruited cells at sites of infection or inflammation. Their main microbicidal mechanisms are degranulation, phagocytosis, cytokine secretion and the formation of extracellular traps. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are a microbicidal mechanism that involves neutrophil death. Since their discovery, in vitro and in vivo neutrophils have been challenged with a range of stimuli capable of inducing or inhibiting NET formation, with the objective to understand its function and regulation in health and disease. These networks composed of DNA and granular components are capable of immobilizing and killing pathogens. They comprise enzymes such as myeloperoxidase, elastase, cathepsin G, acid hydrolases and cationic peptides, all with antimicrobial and antifungal activity. Therefore, the excessive formation of NETs can also lead to tissue damage and promote local and systemic inflammation. Based on this concept, in this review, we focus on the role of NETs in different infectious and inflammatory diseases of the mucosal epithelia and skin.

Characterizing Health Literacy Among Spanish Language-Preferring Latinos Ages 50-75.

BACKGROUND: Cultural background, language, and literacy are factors that may affect access, healthcare utilization, and cancer screening behaviors. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to characterize health literacy among Spanish-preferring Hispanic/Latino individuals ages 50-75 and examine associations between sociodemographic characteristics, health beliefs, and health literacy. METHODS: Participants self-identified as Hispanic/Latino, preferring health information in Spanish, were ages 50-75 years old, at average risk for colorectal cancer (CRC), not up to date with CRC screening, and enrolled in a CRC screening education intervention trial. Sociodemographic characteristics, health beliefs, and health literacy (i.e., difficulty understanding written health information and confidence completing health forms) were assessed at baseline. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were performed. RESULTS: Fifty-three percent of participants reported either sometimes having difficulty or always having difficulty with written health information, and 25% reported always asking for help or being not so confident in completing health forms. Univariate predictors of adequate health literacy for written health information were lower cancer worry and lower religious beliefs. Higher educational attainment predicted confidence in completing health forms. CONCLUSIONS: Findings highlight the need for interventions that address health beliefs and health literacy among Hispanic/Latino patients who have low confidence in completing written forms and difficulty understanding written information and reinforce the use of plain language and salient design features when developing patient education materials.