RESUMEN
The propose of these examination was studied antiradiation effect of lactoferrin (LF). It was determined, that subcutaneous injection LF (65 or 300 mkg/kg) guinea-pigs irradiated after 1-14 days after of total gamma-irradiation (2.5 Gr) had therapeutically effect attached to the bone marrow form of acute radiation disease (ARD). This effect was explained in increase of survive the animals with 53.8% to 92.8% and stimulation erythropoiesis, judge by number of reticulocytes and increase neutrophiles (12 days ARD) and lymphocytes (12 and 16 days ARD) by comparison with control animals. LF had no effect attached to intestinal form of acute radiation disease by mice. The injection of LF before total irradiation rats of electrons (energy 25 MeV) in doses 255 Gr decreased expression of some symptom of cerebral form of acute radiation disease: prolong time of beginning convulsive period with 5.7 hours to 14.1 hours and duration of life with 7.7 hours to 15.3 hours. LF had antioxidative activity.
Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes/administración & dosificación , Lactoferrina/administración & dosificación , Traumatismos Experimentales por Radiación/prevención & control , Protectores contra Radiación/administración & dosificación , Animales , Cerebro/efectos de los fármacos , Cerebro/efectos de la radiación , Radioisótopos de Cesio/efectos adversos , Eritropoyesis/efectos de los fármacos , Eritropoyesis/efectos de la radiación , Rayos gamma/efectos adversos , Cobayas , Humanos , Inyecciones Subcutáneas , Intestinos/efectos de los fármacos , Intestinos/efectos de la radiación , Lactoferrina/farmacología , Metabolismo de los Lípidos/efectos de los fármacos , Ratones , Conejos , RatasRESUMEN
In spite of intensive antimicrobial prophylaxis and therapy, most patients with acute radiation sickness I-IV severity grade (dose of 0.1-13.7 Gy) developed infections caused by bacteria, fungi and viruses. Frequency and intensity of those infections were proportional to the radiation dose and severity grade of radiation sickness.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones Bacterianas/etiología , Accidente Nuclear de Chernóbil , Micosis/etiología , Traumatismos por Radiación/complicaciones , Liberación de Radiactividad Peligrosa , Virosis/etiología , Enfermedad Aguda , Bacterias/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones Bacterianas/epidemiología , Infecciones Bacterianas/microbiología , Preescolar , Hongos/aislamiento & purificación , Humanos , Incidencia , Micosis/epidemiología , Micosis/microbiología , Síndrome , Índices de Gravedad del Trauma , Ucrania/epidemiología , Virosis/epidemiología , Virosis/virología , Virus/aislamiento & purificaciónRESUMEN
In experiments with two species of animals (dogs, guinea pigs) irradiated with sublethal and lethal doses of gamma-rays, it was observed, that leucynferon had antiradiation effect. Course of injections: dogs--8 injections subcutaneus: 2.0 ml (1, 3, 5, 8, 12, 14, 21, 34 days after irradiation); guinea pigs--14 injections subcutaneus, 0.2 ml (1-14 days after irradiation). Therapeutical effect was explained by capacity of the preparation to defend the hemopoietic organs from the radiation and to stimulate hemopoiesis. Leucynferon hindered the development of acute radiation sickness symptoms. Immunoreactivity of dogs and guinea pigs in experimental group was more complete and restored faster. The growth of the automicroflora on the skin was restrained. Production of interferon-gamma (which is a function of T-lymphocytes) was restored faster.
Asunto(s)
Citocinas/farmacología , Interferón Tipo I/farmacología , Traumatismos Experimentales por Radiación/prevención & control , Protectores contra Radiación/farmacología , Animales , Citocinas/administración & dosificación , Perros , Combinación de Medicamentos , Femenino , Cobayas , Interferón Tipo I/administración & dosificación , Masculino , Protectores contra Radiación/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
The experiments with AKR mice, that are carriers of the T-cell leukemia virus showed their higher radiosensitivity as compared to (CBA x C57Bl)F1 mice in respect of survival and hemopoietic status. The regular patterns observed are presumed to result from lower ability of AKR mice to repair radiation damage and provide resistance to infections.
Asunto(s)
Portador Sano/virología , Sistema Hematopoyético/efectos de la radiación , Virus de la Leucemia Murina , Leucemia Experimental/virología , Infecciones por Retroviridae/virología , Infecciones Tumorales por Virus/virología , Animales , Portador Sano/congénito , Relación Dosis-Respuesta en la Radiación , Femenino , Rayos gamma , Leucemia Experimental/congénito , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos AKR , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Ratones Endogámicos CBA , Tolerancia a Radiación , Infecciones por Retroviridae/congénito , Especificidad de la Especie , Infecciones Tumorales por Virus/congénitoRESUMEN
In experiments with three species of animals (mice, rabbits, monkeys) irradiated with sublethal and lethal doses of gamma-irradiation, it was observed, that leukinferon used in 4 hours or 10 days after provided antiradiation therapeutical effect. When lethal dose was used (mice) the survival of animals was significantly increased. The preparation decreased depression of the functional activity of leukocytes as it was observed with IFH-alpha and gamma-production. Pestoring this function was accelerated. Phenomena pancytopenia and thrombocytopenia induced by radiation were decreased. Therapeutical effect was explained with capacity of the preparation to defence the hemopoietic organs from the radiation and to stimulate hematopoiesis. So, spleen weights and quantity of cells into bone marrow were higher in experimental group in comparison with control at any observation. CFUs were also higher (with optimal dose of preparation). Stimulation of the restoring processes was confirmed also by more intensive increasing of the reticulocyte quantities in the circulation of experimental monkeys within 20 days. Then their level became more close in both groups. The preparation stimulated also differentiation of immune effectors: immature neutrophils were absent in the circulation of experimental monkeys. Production of IFN-gamma (which is function of T-lymphocytes) was restored more fast. As a result, immunoreactivity of monkeys in experimental group was more complete and restored faster: the growth of the automicroflora on the skin surface became to increase 7 days later and was restrained. Leukinferon hindered the development of acute radiation sickness symptoms.
Asunto(s)
Adyuvantes Inmunológicos/uso terapéutico , Citocinas/uso terapéutico , Interferón Tipo I/uso terapéutico , Traumatismos Experimentales por Radiación/prevención & control , Protectores contra Radiación , Enfermedad Aguda , Adyuvantes Inmunológicos/administración & dosificación , Animales , Recuento de Células Sanguíneas , Médula Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Médula Ósea/efectos de la radiación , Citocinas/administración & dosificación , Combinación de Medicamentos , Haplorrinos , Hematopoyesis/efectos de los fármacos , Hematopoyesis/efectos de la radiación , Interferón Tipo I/administración & dosificación , Interferón-alfa/inmunología , Interferón gamma/inmunología , Ratones , Conejos , Dosis de Radiación , Traumatismos Experimentales por Radiación/sangre , Traumatismos Experimentales por Radiación/inmunología , Piel/microbiología , Bazo/efectos de los fármacos , Bazo/efectos de la radiación , Linfocitos T/inmunología , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
A comparison of therapeutic effects of bacterial preparations (vaccinum dysenteriae, colibacterinum, bifidumbacterinum, bificolum) after gamma-irradiation was carried out. Bificolum showed the maximum and bifidumbacterinum the minimum effect, while colibacterianum had a therapeutic effect only within a narrow range of doses. Vaccinum dysenteriae was also effective.
Asunto(s)
Productos Biológicos/uso terapéutico , Traumatismos Experimentales por Radiación/terapia , Enfermedad Aguda , Animales , Vacunas Bacterianas/uso terapéutico , Vacunas Bacterianas/toxicidad , Bacteriocinas/uso terapéutico , Bacteriocinas/toxicidad , Productos Biológicos/toxicidad , Colicinas/uso terapéutico , Colicinas/toxicidad , Cricetinae , Cobayas , Dosificación Letal Mediana , Ratones , Traumatismos Experimentales por Radiación/mortalidad , Ratas , Shigella/inmunologíaRESUMEN
It was shown in experiments with mice and dogs that bacterial preparations (vaccinum proteus, prodigiosanum, bificolum and bificolum-f) administered before or after gamma-irradiation have a stimulating effect on hemopoiesis. It is supposed that bacterial polysaccharides play an important role in this action.
Asunto(s)
Productos Biológicos/uso terapéutico , Hematopoyesis/efectos de los fármacos , Traumatismos Experimentales por Radiación/terapia , Enfermedad Aguda , Animales , Vacunas Bacterianas/uso terapéutico , Bacteriocinas/uso terapéutico , Perros , Relación Dosis-Respuesta en la Radiación , Ratones , Prodigiozán/uso terapéutico , Proteus/inmunología , Traumatismos Experimentales por Radiación/sangre , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Humoral and cellular factors of the immune system of 133 subjects injured in the Chernobyl accident were studied during first 1.5-2 months after radiation, 5-17 months and 3 years after they suffered acute radiation sickness (I-IV degree). Significant disorders in the immune system correlating with the severity of the disease were recorded. In late terms certain shifts persisted in the immune status of subjects who had suffered acute radiation sickness, II and III degree.
Asunto(s)
Accidentes , Sistema Inmunológico/efectos de la radiación , Reactores Nucleares , Traumatismos por Radiación/inmunología , Humanos , Factores de Tiempo , UcraniaRESUMEN
As many as 138 patients with acute radiation sickness, grades O-IV, were examined over time. It has been revealed that disorders in microecology and humoral immunity agreed well with the severity of radiation damage.
Asunto(s)
Accidentes , Reactores Nucleares , Traumatismos por Radiación , Enfermedad Aguda , Anticuerpos Antibacterianos/análisis , Bacterias/aislamiento & purificación , Eritrocitos/inmunología , Escherichia coli/inmunología , Escherichia coli/aislamiento & purificación , Humanos , Traumatismos por Radiación/inmunología , Traumatismos por Radiación/microbiología , Piel/microbiología , Factores de Tiempo , UcraniaRESUMEN
The administration of heterologous immunoglobulin G (IgG) and/or exposure of mouse thymocyte donors to 1 and 2 Gy radiation were shown to change the regulatory effects of thymus lymphocytes on the recovery of haemopoiesis in syngeneic recipients irradiated with a median lethal dose of 6 Gy. Thymocytes of exposed (2 Gy) donors produced a stimulatory effect on the restoration of the myelokaryocytes number and increased the number of endogenous splenic colonies and bone marrow CFUs in animals exposed to a median lethal dose, whereas the administration of IgG to thymocyte donors given 2 Gy eliminated the stimulatory effect of thymocytes on the number of myelokaryocytes, and the amount of CFUs in irradiated recipients decreased.
Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Heterófilos/administración & dosificación , Hematopoyesis , Inmunoglobulina G/administración & dosificación , Traumatismos Experimentales por Radiación/fisiopatología , Linfocitos T/fisiología , Animales , Caballos/inmunología , Masculino , Ratones , Dosis de RadiaciónRESUMEN
The injection of heterologous polyclonal immunoglobulin G promotes the recovery of CFUs pool and increases the amount of myelokaryocytes in irradiated mice, while in nonirradiated mice, it activates differentiation of bone marrow CFUs and enhances their migration.
Asunto(s)
Hematopoyesis , Inmunoglobulina G/uso terapéutico , Traumatismos Experimentales por Radiación/terapia , Animales , Femenino , Caballos/inmunología , Masculino , RatonesRESUMEN
It was established that quinoid products of tyrosine oxidation, analogues of natural radiotoxins, when used in the studied doses decreased the radiosensitivity of spleen stem cells and enhanced the restoration of bone marrow cellularity of mice exposed to sublethal gamma-radiation doses.