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AIM:To observe the effect of curcumin on a C57BL/6J mouse liver cancer model induced by N-ni-trosodiethylamine(DEN)combined with carbon tetrachloride(CCl4),and to explore its mechanism.METHODS:Forty young male C57BL/6J mice were intraperitoneally injected with DEN(25 mg/kg)14 d after birth and randomly divided in-to the following 4 groups at the 4th week(10 in each group):model control group and curcumin(100,200 and 400 mg/kg)groups.Ten male mice of the same age were used as normal control group.The mice in model group and curcumin groups were gavaged with 10%CCl4(5 mL/kg)twice a week from the 8th week on.At the same time,the mice in curcumin groups were gavaged with curcumin,and the mice in normal control group were gavaged with the same volume of distilled water once a day for 14 weeks.After administration,the mice were sacrificed,the liver surface was observed,and the number of tumor nodules was compared.The activity of alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and aspartate aminotransferase(AST)in serum was detected by an automatic biochemical instrument.The pathological changes of liver tissues were ob-served by HE staining.The mRNA expression levels of heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)and NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase 1(NQO1)were detected by RT-qPCR,and the protein expression levels of HO-1,NQO1 and Ki67 were detected by Western blot and immunohistochemistry.RESULTS:Compared with normal control group,the body weight of the mice in model group was decreased significantly(P＜0.01),the liver index was increased significantly(P＜0.01),and the se-rum levels of ALT and AST were increased obviously(P＜0.01).There was no significant difference in the mRNA expres-sion levels of HO-1 and NQO1(P＞0.05),the protein levels of HO-1 and NQO1 were increased distinctly(P＜0.05),and the positive expression rate of Ki67 was increased significantly(P＜0.05).After curcumin treatment,the body weight of the mice was significantly increased(P＜0.01),the liver index was not changed(P＞0.05),and the number of tumor nodules in the liver was decreased significantly(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).The serum level of AST was decreased significantly(P＜0.01),the mRNA and protein expression levels of HO-1 and NQO1 were decreased significantly(P＜0.05),and the posi-tive expression rate of Ki67 was decreased significantly(P＜0.05).CONCLUSION:Curcumin significantly protects against liver cancer in a C57BL/6J mouse model induced by DEN combined with CCl4,and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of HO-1 and NQO1 expression.
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Objective:To explore the efficacy and safety of endoscopic injection of polidocanol combined with low-dose tissue glue occlusion in the treatment of F3 esophageal varices in liver cirrhosis.Methods:Retrospective analysis was made on 42 patients with cirrhosis type F3 esophageal varices admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University from January 2020 to June 2021. According to different treatment methods, they were divided into the observation group and the control group, with 21 cases in each group. The observation group received endoscopic injection of polidocanol combined with low-dose tissue glue occlusion, while the control group received endoscopic injection of polidocanol. The differences in the effectiveness (remission rate of varices) and safety (incidence of intraoperative bleeding and postoperative rebleeding, incidence of ectopic embolism, incidence of esophageal ulcer, incidence of esophageal perforation, incidence of esophageal stricture) of the two groups of patients were compared.Results:The total effective rate of relieving esophageal varices in the observation group was significantly better than that in the control group [95.2%(20/21) vs 61.9%(13/21), χ 2=6.929, P=0.008]. There were no cases of ectopic embolism in both groups; The intraoperative bleeding rate in the observation group was 4.8% (1/21), significantly lower than the 38.1% (8/21) in the control group (χ 2=6.929, P=0.008); There was no statistically significant difference in postoperative rebleeding rates between the two groups [33.3%(7/21) vs 23.8%(5/21), χ 2=0.467, P=0.495]; The incidence of esophageal ulcers in the observation group was higher than that in the control group [23.8%(5/21) vs 0, χ 2=5.676, P=0.017], mainly caused by glue discharge ulcers; There were no cases of esophageal perforation and esophageal stricture in both groups. Conclusions:Endoscopic injection of polidocanol combined with low-dose tissue glue occlusion for the treatment of F3 esophageal varices in liver cirrhosis is safe, can greatly reduce the occurrence of intraoperative bleeding, and has a better one-time variceal eradication effect.
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Objective To study the influence of semen platycladi saponins on oxidative stress response of hippocampus of rat model of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and to explore the neuroprotective mechanism of semen platycladi saponins (SPS) on AD model rats. Methods Sixty SPF 24-week old female Wistar rats were divided into three groups:the normal control group, AD model group, and SPS intervention group. The rats of AD model group and SPS group were injected with Aβ1-42in bilateral hippocampi to produce AD animal models. After the successful establishment of AD model, the AD model group and the normal control group received 5 mL saline sodium with carboxymethyl cellulose (500 mg/kg) orally, daily for 30 days. The SPS group received orally 5 mL normal saline with 300 mg/kg SPS daily for 30 days. The learning and memory function of the rats were assessed by Morris water maze test, and the levels of MAD, SOD and GSH in the hippocampal tissues of model rats were detected with biochemistry. The expressions of Bcl-2, survivin, Fas, Bax, caspase-3 proteins and mRNA in the hippocampi of AD model rats were detected by western blotting. Results Compared with the control group and SPS group, the rats in AD model group displayed a longer search time and shorter percentage of search distance (P＜ 0. 01). There was a longer search time and lower percentage of search distance of the SPS groups than the control group (P＜ 0. 01). The positioning experiment showed that rats in the control group learned to find the platform within 2. 1 days, indicating that the latency was rapidly decreased. MDA in the SPS intervention group was significantly decreased than in the AD model group (P＜ 0. 01), but increased than the normal control group (P＜0. 01). The expressions of SOD and GSH were significantly increased in the SPS group than the model group (P＜ 0. 01). The expressions of Bcl-2 and survivin were significantly increased in the SPS group than the model group (P＜ 0. 01), but lower than the normal control group (P＜ 0. 05). The expressions of Fas, Bax and caspase-3 were decreased in the SPS intervention group (P ＜ 0. 01 ), but increased than the normal control group (P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusions Semen platycladi saponins can protect the neurons and improve the cognition function of AD model rats by inhibiting oxidative stress response and enhancing the antioxidant mechanism in the hypocampus.