[Use of radiopharmaceuticals in pediatrics: Specificities and recommandations of SoFRa (Société française de radiopharmacie)]. / Utilisation des médicaments radiopharmaceutiques en pédiatrie : spécificités et recommandations de la SoFRa (Société française de radiopharmacie).

Radiopharmaceuticals are commonly used in children in nuclear medicine. Because of physiological differences in growing children and their radiosensitivity, precautions must be taken throughout the medication use process. The aim of this work is to propose recommendations, under the aegis of the Société française de radiopharmacie (SoFRa), for each subsystem of the process, in order to ensure the safety of pediatric patients. Furthermore, an analysis of two surveys on diagnostic radiopharmaceuticals dosage used in different nuclear medicine departments in France is detailed. Recommendations for therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals are also provided. Specificities of the preparation for pediatric patients are discussed through the example of the radiopharmaceuticals for lung perfusion scintigraphy. The preparation of individual dose and administration are also described. In nuclear medicine, radiopharmacist's expertise is essential for patient safety. A multidisciplinary approach is necessary to secure pediatric radiopharmaceutical use process.

Arsenite and chromate sequestration onto ferrihydrite, siderite and goethite nanostructured minerals: Isotherms from flow-through reactor experiments and XAS measurements.

Sorption isotherms remain a major tool to describe and predict the mobility of pollutants in natural and anthropogenic environments, but they are typically determined by independent batch experiments. In the present study, the sequestration of As(III), Cr(VI) and competitive As(III)-Cr(VI) on/in 6L-ferrihydrite, siderite and goethite nanostructured minerals was reinvestigated using stirred flow-through reactor experiments. Herein, sorption isotherms were particularly determined from breakthrough curves for inert and reactive tracers monitored simultaneously in a single percolation experiment. In complement, X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) was used to identify As sorption sites on 6L-ferrihydrite and goethite. As expected, the minerals have high potential to remove As and Cr from water (siderite = ferrihydrite (about 60 mg/g) > goethite (20 mg/g)). As and Cr sorption isotherms were modelled with a Langmuir model, and with a sigmoidal Hill model in the case of the competitive sorption. XAS measurements have revealed that As(III) was partially oxidized (up to 22%) in the competitive system with chromate oxyanion Cr(VI). As(III) sorbed on ferrihydrite and goethite adopted edge-sharing and corner sharing complex geometries. Nowadays, a new class of adsorbing phases is being developed for wastewater treatment, including engineered nanostructured materials and nanocomposites. The use of flow through reactor experiments as a high throughput method, combined with XAS, should be considered as efficient screening methods to test their sorbing properties on various contaminants.

Nutrient uptake and management under saline conditions in the xerohalophyte: Tecticornia indica (Willd.) subsp. indica.

In the present investigation, we studied uptake and management of the major cations in the xerohalophyte, Tecticornia indica (Willd.) subsp. indica as subjected to salinity. Plants were grown under greenhouse conditions at various salinity levels (0, 100, 200 and 400 mM NaCl) over 110 days. At harvest, they were separated into shoots and roots then analyzed for water contents, dry weights (DW), and Na+, K+, Ca²+, and Mg²+ contents. Plants showed a growth optimum at 200 mM NaCl and much better tissue hydration under saline than non-saline conditions. At this salt concentration (200 mM NaCl), shoot Na+ content reached its highest value (7.9 mmol · g-⁻¹ DW). In spite of such stressful conditions, salt-treated plants maintained adequate K+, Ca²+, and Mg²+ status even under severe saline conditions. This was mainly due to their aptitude to selectively acquire these essential cations and efficiently use them for biomass production.

Profile of living related kidney donors: a single center experience.

The living related donor still represents the unique source for renal transplantation in Morocco. Since 1986, 127 living related potential donors have been evaluated and 100 patients have been transplanted at the Ibn Rochd UHC in Casablanca. We retrospectively studied the potential donors and determined their profile and the exclusion criteria. The mean age at the time of donation was 37 ± 11 years (range 18-66 years) and 60% of donors were women. The predominant sources of donors were sisters, brothers and mothers of recipients in 34%, 31% and 24% respectively. Forty three percent of them were married, 20% housewives and 17% unemployed. In addition, 37% were illiterate, 45% school graduates, and 18% university graduates. Donors and recipients were incomplete HLA match in 72.7%, identical in 19% and different in 8.3%. The cross matching test was negative in all cases. The mean plasma creatinine was 0.8 ± 0.1 mg/dL with mean creatinine clearance of 103.16 ± 18.18 mL/min.

[The mutation 35delG of the gene of the connexin 26 is a frequent cause of autosomal-recessive non-syndromic hearing loss in Morocco]. / La mutation 35delG du gène de la connexine 26, une cause fréquente des surdités non syndromiques autosomiques récessives au Maroc.

UNLABELLED: Mutations of the connexin 26 gene, GJB2, are the most common cause of non syndromic autosomal-recessive hearing loss. One of the GJB2 mutations, the 35delG, is recurrent in European and Mediterranean populations with allelic frequency of at least 70% in patients with hearing loss caused by GJB2 impairment. OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of the 35delG mutation in non-syndromic autosomal-recessive deafness in Morocco. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We looked for the 35delG mutation among 25 non-related Moroccan children suffering from an autosomal recessive hearing loss. A screening for GJB2 mutations, and then a search for GJB6 deletions were carried out among patients who do not bear the 35delG. RESULTS: Twelve patients were homozygous for the 35delG mutation. This mutation was responsible for almost half of the hearing loss among our patients (48%). There was no other GJB2 or GJB6 mutation among 13 patients. CONCLUSION: This study underlines the advantages of a systematic search for this mutation among deaf children when environmental causes are considered irrelevant. The identification of this genetic anomaly signs the etiologic diagnosis of deafness, which allows a relevant genetic advice, and a better treatment of patients.

[Management of pregnancies beyond forty-one week's gestation with an unfavorable cervix]. / Prise en charge obstétricale des grossesses prolongées au-delà de 41 semaines d'aménorrhée avec un score de Bishop défavorable.

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to determine the optimal management of pregnancies beyond 41 week's gestation with a cervix unfavorable for induction. MATERIAL AND METHOD: All uncomplicated pregnancies that reached 41 weeks'gestation with a Bishop score of< or =4, were randomly assigned to one of two groups RESULTS: The duration of labor was shorter in the group "prépidil" compared with the control group (P=0.002). Identification of an unfavorable cervix at 41 weeks was unlikely to change by 42 weeks and cervical ripening was required in 40% cases. There was no significant difference in caesarean section rates. Rates of admission into the neonatal unit and fetal outcomes were similar in the two groups. CONCLUSION: Cervical ripening with prostaglandin gel at 41 week's gestation for uncomplicated singleton pregnancies is safe and should be advocated.

[Pseudo-tumoral aspergilloma]. / Aspergillome pseudo-tumoral.

Aspergilloma is the most common form of pulmonary aspergillosis, generally developing pre-existing lung cavities. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy is required in case of hemoptysis. We report the case of a 74-year-old man with pulmonary aspergilloma where fiberoptic bronchoscopy visualized mycetoma and cavitation. Visualization and biopsy of the fungus ball during fiberoptic bronchoscopy is rare.

Synthesis of beta-tetrazolyl DL-alanine derivatives.

Interest in non-natural alpha-amino acids is growing because of their potential biological activity. We describe, in this paper, a synthesis of beta-tetrazolyl alpha-amino esters by action of 5-aryl tetrazoles, 2, on N-benzyloxycarbonyl di-dehydro methylalaninate, 3.