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Background: Nanomaterials (NMs) have emerged as highly promising candidates for stomatology due to their excellent quality and remarkable progress in recent years. However, with the rapid expansion of the research scale, challenges arise in the technological decision-making and research management processes, and therefore difficulty for researchers to understand the knowledge structure and research hotspots has increased significantly. This study aims to make a comprehensive summary of authors, institutions, journals, research topics, development trends, and research hotspots of NMs in stomatology through bibliometric analysis for the sake of providing references for scientific decision-making, research management, and academic exploration in this filed. Methods: Studies on research and application of NMs in stomatology were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) from January 1, 2000 to April 27, 2023. Bibliometric analysis and visualization were conducted using CiteSpace and VOSviewer. Results: A total of 620 articles were included in this study, showing a gradual increase in the number of publications focusing on NMs in stomatology. Globally, China ranked first with 130 publications, and the United States (US) enjoyed the highest citation count (n = 5218) and average citation per paper (ACP) (n = 52.18). The top three institutions with the highest publication output were the University of Sao Paulo (n = 22), the Chinese Academy of Sciences (n = 20), and Shanghai Jiaotong University (n = 13). The journals MATERIALS and NANOMATERIALS emerged as the most popular in this field (n = 20), and BIOMATERIALS had the highest co-citations (n = 1597). The most prolific author was Dos Reis and Andrea Candido (n = 7), while Thomas J. Webster enjoyed the highest co-citations (n = 94). Burstness analysis of the references revealed a prominent research focus on nanoparticle drug delivery systems (specifically lipid nanoparticles). Keyword burstness analysis identified "oxide nanoparticle" as the primary frontier keyword in this field. Conclusion: This is the first study of using bibliometric analysis to summarize the research trends and frontiers of NMs in stomatology. With progressive advancements in the research and application of NMs in oral healthcare, their academic impact is steadily increasing. China and the US maintain a leading position in this field. Future directions could primarily focus on the development and application of nanoparticle drug delivery systems (especially lipid nanoparticles) and metal oxide nanoparticles (especially in antibacterial aspects). We hope that this bibliometric analysis could provide researchers with a panoramic view and useful references for future research, thus promoting the development of NMs in stomatology.
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The clinical efficacy of implanted biomaterials is often compromised by host immune recognition and subsequent foreign body responses (FBRs). During the implantation, biomaterials inevitably come into direct contact with the blood, absorbing blood protein and forming blood clot. Many studies have been carried out to regulate protein adsorption, thus manipulating FBR. However, the role of clot surface fibrin films formed by clotting shrinkage in host reactions and FBR is often ignored. Because of the principle of fibrin film formation being relevant to fibrinogen or clotting factor absorption, it is feasible to manipulate the fibrin film formation via tuning the absorption of fibrinogen and clotting factor. As biological hydroxyapatite reserved bone architecture and microporous structure, the smaller particle size may expose more microporous structures and adsorb more fibrinogen or clotting factor. Therefore, we set up 3 sizes (small, <0.2 mm; medium, 1 to 2 mm; large, 3 to 4 mm) of biological hydroxyapatite (porcine bone-derived hydroxyapatite) with different microporous structures to investigate the absorption of blood protein, the formation of clot surface fibrin films, and the subsequent FBR. We found that small group adsorbed more clotting factors because of more microporous structures and formed the thinnest and sparsest fibrin films. These thinnest and sparsest fibrin films increased inflammation and profibrosis of macrophages through a potential signaling pathway of cell adhesion-cytoskeleton-autophagy, leading to the stronger FBR. Large group adsorbed lesser clotting factors, forming the thickest and densest fibrin films, easing inflammation and profibrosis of macrophages, and finally mitigating FBR. Thus, this study deepens the understanding of the role of fibrin films in host recognition and FBR and demonstrates the feasibility of a strategy to regulate FBR by modulating fibrin films via tuning the absorption of blood proteins.
RESUMEN
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common chronic autoimmune disorder associated with high-cost, side effects, and low therapeutic effects. To improve the treatment of RA, we originally developed a novel anti-RA Au@polydopamine nanoparticles (PDANPs)/TCZ composite using PDANPs as the binding sites of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and the drug carries of tocilizumab (TCZ) through a facile and environmentally-friend method, aiming to effectively scavenge oxygen free radicals (OFR) and inhibit the formation of related inflammatory factors. Characterizations showed that AuNPs with the size of 11.4 ± 2.9 nm randomly distributed onto the surface of PDANPs (145.8 ± 31.9 nm), meanwhile TCZ was chemically cross-linked to PDANPs through Schiff base linkage. The synthesized composite had good biocompatibility that can promote the proliferation and growth of chondrocytes and fibroblasts. More importantly, Au@PDANPs/TCZ composite showed more excellent abilities to scavenge OFR and inhibit the related inflammatory factors in vitro and in vivo than that of AuNPs and PDANPs owing to the synergistic scavenging effect, ensuring its best therapeutic effect in RA therapy. This new composite will have application potential in the treatment of RA related disease.
