Infant attachment in the Czech Republic: Categorical and dimensional findings from a post-communist country.

Infant attachment remains virtually unexplored in former Eastern Bloc countries. The dimensional approach to infant attachment, which could ease common obstacles in cross-cultural attachment research, necessitates more empirical support. This study explores infant attachment in the Czech Republic, a post-communist country with a unique family policy, using both the categorical and the dimensional models. It also compares the Czech infant attachment distribution to infant attachment distributions in other countries and compares infant attachment distributions in European countries to the Baltimore study sample. In the Strange Situation Procedure, forty-nine (74 %) out of sixty-six mother-infant dyads (35 boys, M = 13.8, SD = 0.9) received the B classification. Despite the generous family policy and cultural emphasis on close mother-infant relationships, the Czech distribution of insecure categories did not differ from the Baltimore study sample. Out of other post-communist countries, only the infant attachment distribution in former East Germany differed from the Czech and the Baltimore study samples due to a lower proportion of type B and a higher proportion of type A infants. There were also more type A infants in the Italian sample. Interactive behavior scales accurately predicted attachment categories in 91 % of cases. Contact-maintenance and proximity-seeking scales substantially improve the assessment of insecure resistant behavior. Our findings support the universality and normativity of attachment and the utility of the dimensional approach.

Polatuzumab vedotin plus bendamustine and rituximab in patients with relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the real world.

OBJECTIVES: Polatuzumab vedotin with bendamustine and rituximab (Pola-BR) was approved for treatment of transplant-ineligible patients with relapsed/refractory DLBCL (R/R DLBCL). However, the number of patients treated in the GO29365 trial including the extension cohort was limited, and more data evaluating the efficacy of this treatment regimen is needed. METHODS: We analyzed 21 patients with R/R DLBCL to determine real-life efficacy and safety of Pola-BR regimen. Data of all patients entered the database of the NiHiL project (NCT03199066). RESULTS: Median overall survival was 8.7 months, and progression-free survival 3.8 months. The overall response rate was 33%. Grade 3-4 neutropenia was detected in 29%, thrombocytopenia in 38%, anemia in 19%, infections in 24% cases, and peripheral neuropathy in 5%. Discontinuation of treatment was caused by progression in 50%, adverse events in 31%, and intended bridging to CAR-T therapy in 19%. CONCLUSION: Although the outcome of patients is worse than in GO29365 trial, the use of Pola-BR regimen in the real world demonstrates tolerable toxicity profile and efficacy in transplant-ineligible patients with R/R DLBCL. Moreover, this regimen might represent a perspective option as a bridge to CAR-T therapy.

The Lymphoma-Associated Macrophage to Hodgkin-Reed-Sternberg Cell Ratio Is a Poor Prognostic Factor in Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma Patients.

BACKGROUND: Despite the relatively high rate of curability, approximately 20% to 30% of patients with classic Hodgkin lymphoma relapse. Hodgkin-Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells:lymphoma-associated macrophages (LAMs) cross talk promotes tumor growth and resistance to therapy. The aim of the study was to assess the prognostic role of the LAM to HRS ratio (LHR) in lymph node biopsies using a novel automated system for scanning large sample areas. PATIENTS AND METHODS: High-quality tissue samples obtained from 71 patients and stained with anti-CD30 and anti-CD68 were analyzed using the TissueFAXS (TissueGnostics). RESULTS: A high LHR was associated with inferior 5-year progression-free survival (PFS; 50.0% vs. 79.3%; P = .032) and overall survival (OS; 65.4% vs. 92.3%; P = .012). Multivariate Cox regression identified the high LHR as an unfavorable prognostic factor for PFS (hazard ratio [HR], 3.07; P = .029) and OS (HR, 4.56; P = .025). CONCLUSION: A high LHR at diagnosis is associated with a higher risk of lymphoma progression or death. Automated image analysis is a new tool that can overcome technical limitations of by microarray samples in lymphomas with high intratumor heterogeneity.