A case of recurrent hematuria in primary prostatic low grade mucosa associated lymphoid tissue.

BACKGROUND: Primary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is a rare malignancy. We found only 8 cases of MALT lymphoma in literature. CASE PRESENTATION: We report here another case of primary prostatic MALT lymphoma which is presented by hematuria and diagnosed primarily as BPH. Immunohistochemistry studies demonstrate the diagnosis and MALT lymphoma. Six months after starting the treatment the patient was alive and well. CONCLUSIONS: Prostatic MALTomas are mainly presented with urinary obstruction or hematuria and have an indolent growth with a good prognosis.

Anti-atherosclerosis effect of different doses of CETP vaccine in rabbit model of atherosclerosis.

AIM: To evaluate atheroprotective effects of different doses of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) vaccine, three doses of Tetanus toxoid-CETP (TT-CETP) peptide including 10, 50 and 100/rabbit, termed FA10, FA50, FA100, respectively, were administered in rabbit model of atherosclerosis. METHODS: Animals were vaccinated subcutaneously (S.C.) with 100µl of vaccine in presence of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) for the first administration. Rabbits were boosted 4 times at 3 weeks intervals with the same peptide dose formulated in incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA). Animals were fed with diet supplemented with 2% cholesterol from week 11 to week 19. Anti-TT-CETP specific antibody and CETP activity in sera were determined. Therapeutic response was examined by tracking plasma lipoprotein levels (HDL-C, LDL-C and total cholesterol), and pathologic observation of intima/media thickness at the site of aortic lesions. RESULTS: All TT-CETP vaccine doses generated strong anti TT-CETP antibody response. CETP activity reduced in rabbits vaccinated with FA100 (P=0.031). FA100 showed significant increase in level of HDL-C rather than control group (P=0.006). However, no significant reduction were found in atherosclerotic lesion when compared to control. CONCLUSION: Inhibition of CETP activity and increased HDL-C were found with FA100, but the vaccine failed to prevent aortic lesion development in immunized rabbits when compared to control. Our result supports the hypothesis stated that CETP may not be an attractive therapeutic target for the prevention of cardiovascular disease.

A novel atheroprotective role of MF59-like adjuvant when co-administered with CETP vaccine in rabbit model of atherosclerosis.

OBJECTIVES: In this study, for the first time, MF59 adjuvant was used to develop a cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) vaccine. The efficacy of the vaccine was compared with the efficacy of CETP vaccine formulated with Alum/CpG, the formulation that its immunogenicity has been already demonstrated in rabbit and mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Tetanus toxoid- CETP peptide (TT-CETP) was mixed with Alum/CpG or MF59-like and administered subcutaneously for total five times in rabbit model of atherosclerosis. Anti-TT-CETP specific antibody, CETP activity in sera and mRNA level of cytokine IL-4 and IFN-γ in peripheral mononuclear cells were determined. Therapeutic response was also examined by tracking serum lipoprotein levels and pathologic observation of atherosclerotic lesions at aortic site. RESULTS: More anti-TT-CETP antibody was found in Alum/CpG vaccinated rabbits compared to buffer (P<0.001). Antibody induced by MF59-like formulation was not significantly higher than buffer. CETP activity and lipoprotein levels were not significantly different between vaccinated and control rabbits. The mRNA level of IL-4 was significantly lower than buffer while, IFN-γ gene expression was significantly higher in both vaccinated groups. Atherosclerosis thickness grade of aorta was dramatically lower than buffer (P<0.01) in both vaccinated groups. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that MF59-adjuvanted CETP vaccine showed anti-atherosclerosis properties, but the protective effect could not be directly attributed to the immune response induced by anti TT-CETP antibody and CETP inhibition. Further studies are needed to explain the anti-atherosclerosis properties of MF59 in the presence of TT-CETP peptide.