Organic seed priming with curtailed seed rate compensated wheat grains productivity by upgrading anti-oxidant status against terminal drought at flowering and milking.

Terminal irrigation drought stress is one of the most drastic abiotic stress to diminish the wheat crop development and grains yield in arid regions of the world. The use of moringa leaf extract (MLE30) via seed priming technique is investigated as an organic and sustainable approach for the mitigation of drought stress along with curtailed seed rate in wheat crop. The study investigated the interaction of organic seed priming: control (dry seeds), hydro-priming, MLE30-priming, seed rate: recommended @ 125 kg ha-1, curtailed @ 25 kg ha-1, and terminal irrigation drought (TID): normal irrigation, mild-TID, severe-TID in wheat crop at agronomic research station, Bahawalpur, Pakistan during the wheat winter season of 2021-2022 and 2022-2023. The application of organic MLE30-priming with curtailed seed rate enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity especially total soluble proteins by 15%, superoxide dismutase by 68%, peroxidase by 16%, catalase by 70%, ascorbic acid by 17% and total protein contents by 91% under severe-TID. Yield and yield-related morphological attributes performed better in MLE30-priming as compared to hydro-priming. An effective trend was observed in the plant's chlorophyll contents, K+, and water use efficiency after being treated with MLE30-priming followed by hydro-priming under curtailed seed rate. The higher benefit-cost ratio and net income return were observed with the application of MLE30-priming with curtailed seed rate under mild-TID and severe-TID. So, it is suggested to adopt the MLE30-priming technique along with a curtailed seed rate for improving the crop establishment, stress regulation, and economic return under limited availability of irrigation water. The project findings recommended that the application of exogenous application of organic MLE30-seed priming favored and compensated the maximum wheat grains production under curtailed seed rate @ 25 kg ha-1 and induced terminal drought stress at flowering and milking conditions.

Microlearning Environment of Orthodontic Postgraduate Training Programmes in Pakistan: A Multicentre Cross-Sectional Study.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the perception of residents regarding the microlearning environment of orthodontic postgraduate training programmes across Pakistan. STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive, cross-sectional, multicentre study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Orthodontics, Dental College, HITEC Institute of Medical Sciences, Taxila, from February to July 2022. METHODOLOGY: This questionnaire-based study was conducted using a pre-validated HEMLEM tool for data collection. QuestionPro survey tool was utilised for data collection and SPSS version 23 was used for data analysis. Independent t-test and one-way ANOVA were performed for comparison of different subgroups. RESULTS: A total of 204 residents participated in this study and collectively showed a mean score of 45.2. Male residents showed significantly higher level of satisfaction than females. Residents below the age of 25 years and those in the first year of training showed maximum level of satisfaction with their learning environments. In general, participants perceived the teaching quality and supervision as more satisfactory than the staff attitude and behaviour. CONCLUSION: Overall, a higher HEMLEM score was recorded, which suggested that Pakistani orthodontic residents felt satisfied with their microlearning environment. Clinical supervisors, curriculum designers, and programme directors could use the findings of this study to further improve the learning environment of their training programmes. KEY WORDS: Learning environment, Microlearning environment, Residents, Clinical training, Supervision, Staff support.

The Hyperledger fabric as a Blockchain framework preserves the security of electronic health records.

The Hyperledger Fabric (HF) framework is widely studied for securing electronic health records (EHRs) in the healthcare sector. Despite the various cross-domain blockchain technology (BCT) applications, little is known about the role of the HF framework in healthcare. The purpose of the systematic literature review (SLR) is to review the existing literature on the HF framework and its applications in healthcare. This SLR includes literature published between January 2015 and March 2023 in the ACM digital library, IEEE Xplore, SCOPUS, Springer, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases. Following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 57 articles emerged as eligible for this SLR. The HF framework was found to be useful in securing health records coming from the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) and many other devices. The main causes behind using the HF framework were identified as privacy and security, integrity, traceability, and availability of health records. Additionally, storage issues with transactional data over the blockchain are reduced by the use of the HF framework. This SLR also highlights potential future research trends to ensure the high-level security of health records.

Effect of social influence, environmental awareness, and safety affordance on actual use of 5G technologies among Chinese students.

5G technology continues to evolve, and its potential to revolutionize various aspects of society is becoming increasingly evident. However, the successful adoption and utilization of 5G technology depends on various factors, particularly among consumers expected to be early adopters and critical drivers of technological advancements. This study investigates the effect of social influence, environmental awareness, and safety affordance on Chinese university students' actual use of 5G (AU5G) technologies. It also analyzed the mediating role of trustworthiness and intention to use 5G (ITU5G) between them and the moderating role of facilitation conditions between trustworthiness and ITU5G. Data was collected from university students (n = 364) in Beijing and was examined employing the structural equation modelling (SEM) approach. The outcomes confirm that trustworthiness and ITU5G significantly mediate the relationship between social influence, environmental awareness, and safety affordance on AU5G technologies among Chinese students. Further, the supportive facilitation conditions strengthen the relationship between trustworthiness and ITU5G. These findings are backed by UTAUT2 models that support the technology acceptance and adoption among the users. The study outcomes can help policymakers design strategies to address potential barriers and encourage greater uptake of 5G services among university students.

The use of Multispectral Radio-Meter (MSR5) data for wheat crop genotypes identification using machine learning models.

Satellite remote sensing is widely being used by the researchers and geospatial scientists due to its free data access for land observation and agricultural activities monitoring. The world is suffering from food shortages due to the dramatic increase in population and climate change. Various crop genotypes can survive in harsh climatic conditions and give more production with less disease infection. Remote sensing can play an essential role in crop genotype identification using computer vision. In many studies, different objects, crops, and land cover classification is done successfully, while crop genotypes classification is still a gray area. Despite the importance of genotype identification for production planning, a significant method has yet to be developed to detect the genotypes varieties of crop yield using multispectral radiometer data. In this study, three genotypes of wheat crop (Aas-'2011', 'Miraj-'08', and 'Punjnad-1) fields are prepared for the investigation of multispectral radio meter band properties. Temporal data (every 15 days from the height of 10 feet covering 5 feet in the circle in one scan) is collected using an efficient multispectral Radio Meter (MSR5 five bands). Two hundred yield samples of each wheat genotype are acquired and manually labeled accordingly for the training of supervised machine learning models. To find the strength of features (five bands), Principle Component Analysis (PCA), Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), and Nonlinear Discernment Analysis (NDA) are performed besides the machine learning models of the Extra Tree Classifier (ETC), Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision Tree (DT), Logistic Regression (LR), k Nearest Neighbor (KNN) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) with detailed of configuration settings. ANN and random forest algorithm have achieved approximately maximum accuracy of 97% and 96% on the test dataset. It is recommended that digital policymakers from the agriculture department can use ANN and RF to identify the different genotypes at farmer's fields and research centers. These findings can be used for precision identification and management of the crop specific genotypes for optimized resource use efficiency.

Microarray needles comprised of arginine-modified chitosan/PVA hydrogel for enhanced antibacterial and wound healing potential of curcumin.

Wound healing is a multifaceted and complex process that includes inflammation, hemostasis, remodeling, and granulation. Failures in any link may cause the healing process to be delayed. As a result, wound healing has always been a main research focus across the entire medical field, posing significant challenges and financial burdens. Hence, the current investigation focused on the design and development of arginine-modified chitosan/PVA hydrogel-based microneedles (MNs) as a curcumin (CUR) delivery system for improved wound healing and antibacterial activity. The substrate possesses exceptional swelling capabilities that allow tissue fluid from the wound to be absorbed, speeding up wound closure. The antibacterial activity of MNs was investigated against S. aureus and E. coli. The results revealed that the developed CUR-loaded MNs had increased antioxidant activity and sustained drug release behavior. Furthermore, after being loaded in the developed MNs, it revealed improved antibacterial activity of CUR. Wound healing potential was assessed by histopathological analysis and wound closure%. The observed results suggest that the CUR-loaded MNs greatly improved wound healing potential via tissue regeneration and collagen deposition, demonstrating the potential of developed MNs patches to be used as an effective carrier for wound healing in healthcare settings.

Synergist response of the Peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) to some ammonium based proteinaceous food bait attractants.

BACKGROUND: Under the family Tephritidae, Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) is a serious pest, attacking fruits and vegetables causing large quantitative and qualitative damages throughout the world. Fruit flies require proteinaceous food for sexual maturation and egg development. Therefore, food bait attractants are frequently utilized for fruit fly detection, monitoring, mass trapping, and control. Using a Y-shape olfactometer (behavioral tests), we selected the best synthetic proteinaceous food bait attractants to volatiles identified by fruit fly antennae. The responses of B. zonata adults, male and female, to some ammonium compounds (ammonium acetate (AA), trimethylamine (TMA), and putrescine) that were mixed with certain food attractants were evaluated under laboratory conditions. Using flies ranging in age from 5 to 30 days, possible mixtures were discovered that might be useful in developing fruit fly attractants for both males and females. So, four base baits were developed by mixing protein hydrolysate with jaggery, papaya powder, kachri powder, potassium hydroxide (KOH), and guava pulp. Finally, thirty-two (32) synthetic blends were developed when the above four base baits were mixed with synthetic attractants. RESULTS: The olfactometer bioassay indicated that protein hydrolysate and jaggery-based baits were effective in attracting both male and female flies throughout their adult lives when combined with AA + putrescine (Bait 6) and AA + TMA + putrescine (Bait 8). Similarly, protein hydrolysate + guava pulp-based baits combined with AA + putrescine (Bait 6) and AA + TMA + putrescine (Bait 8) was effective in attracting both male and female flies from 5 to 30 days of age. The pH of all 32 synthetic blends was measured and ranged from 4.77 to 11.35. CONCLUSIONS: According to our observation, the variation in pH may be due to differences in chemical composition between the attractants and food constituents. The pH of protein bait attractants may be an important factor in the attraction efficiency of B. zonata males and females.

Awareness and Practices towards Vaccinating Their Children against COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Study among Pakistani Parents.

There are typically lower COVID-19 vaccination rates among developing versus higher-income countries, which is exacerbated by greater vaccine hesitancy. However, despite the increasing evidence of safety, parents are still reluctant to vaccinate their children against COVID-19. This is a concern in countries experiencing successive waves, such as Pakistan. Consequently, the objective of this study was to gain better understanding and practice regarding parents vaccinating their children against COVID-19 in Pakistan. A cross-sectional study was conducted to measure parents' attitudes towards vaccinating their children. In total, 451 parents participated in the study, giving a response rate of 70.4%; 67.4% were female, 43.2% belonged to the 40-49 years age group, and 47.7% had three children, with 73% of parents fully immunized against COVID-19. We found that 84.7% of parents did not consider COVID-19 to be a very serious issue, and 53.9% considered that their children were not at high risk of COVID-19. Overall, only a quarter of the study participants had currently vaccinated their children and 11.8% were willing to vaccinate their children in the near future. Parents who had a better knowledge of COVID-19, secondary or higher education, children who had chronic illness, and those parents whose children had been infected with COVID-19 were more likely to have their children vaccinated. The most common reasons for vaccine hesitancy were "my child is not at high risk of COVID-19" (61%) and "I am afraid to put/inject a foreign object inside my child's body" (52.2%). Overall, vaccine acceptance was low among the parents of the children. Those parents with higher education, chronic illnesses, greater knowledge of COVID-19 and its vaccines, and those whose children had been infected with COVID-19 were significantly (p < 0.001) inclined towards vaccinating their children. Effective campaigns as well as awareness sessions are needed to address misinformation and reduce vaccine hesitancy.

Expression of a recombinant endolysin from bacteriophage CAP 10-3 with lytic activity against Cutibacterium acnes.

The bacteriophage CAP 10-3 forming plaques against Cutibacterium acnes which causes skin acne was previously isolated from human skin acne lesion. Incomplete whole genome sequence (WGS) of the bacteriophage CAP 10-3 was obtained and it had 29,643 bp long nucleotide with 53.86% GC content. The sequence was similar to C. acnes phage PAP 1-1 with a nucleotide sequence identity of 89.63% and the bacteriophage belonged to Pahexavirus. Bioinformatic analysis of the WGS predicted 147 ORFs and functions of 40 CDSs were identified. The predicted endolysin gene of bacteriophage CAP 10-3 was 858 bp long which was deduced as 285 amino acids (~ 31 kDa). The protein had the highest similarity with amino acid sequence of the endolysin from Propionibacterium phage PHL071N05 with 97.20% identity. The CAP 10-3 endolysin gene was amplified by PCR with primer pairs based on the gene sequence, cloned into an expression vector pET-15b and transformed into Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) strain. The predicted protein band (~ 33 kDa) for the recombinant endolysin was detected in an SDS-PAGE gel and western blot assay. The concentrated supernatant of cell lysate from E. coli BL21(DE3) (pET-15b_CAP10-3 end) and a partially purified recombinant CAP 10-3 endolysin showed antibacterial activity against C. acnes KCTC 3314 in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, the recombinant CAP 10-3 endolysin was successfully produced in E. coli strain and it can be considered as a therapeutic agent candidate for treatment of human skin acne.

Automation of structural health monitoring (SHM) system of a bridge using BIMification approach and BIM-based finite element model development.

This research focuses on the automation of an existing structural health monitoring system of a bridge using the BIMification approach. This process starts with the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of an existing bridge for the numerical calculations of static and dynamic parameters. The validation of the FE model and existing SHM system was carried out by the field load testing (Static and dynamic) of the bridge. Further, this study tries to fill the research gap in the area of automatic FE model generation by using a novel methodology that can generate a BIM-based FE model using Visual Programming Language (VPL) scripts. This script can be exported to any FE software to develop the geometry of the FE model. Moreover, the SHM devices are deployed to the Building Information modelling (BIM) model of the bridge to generate the BIM-based sensory model (as per the existing SHM system). In this way, the BIM model is used to manage and monitor the SHM system and control its sensory elements. These sensors are then linked with the self-generated (Internet of Things) IoT platform (coded in Arduino), developing a smart SHM system of the bridge. Resultantly, the system features visualisation and remote accessibility to bridge health monitoring data.

Revolutionizing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Care with the Open AI Application: ChatGPT.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is one of the major and leading threats to human being. To cope with this health challenge, several studies have been undertaken in the literature. However, COPD is not paid close attention to eliminate it entirely. The current study aims to examine the role of ChatGPT application to bring improvement in controlling and managing COPD in patients. ChatGPT is used to give prompt answers of text-based questions in a variety of fields. It has potential role in knowing the symptoms of COPD, and letting individuals to modify their life styles. ChatGPT suggests medications for COPD individuals based on the established medical guidelines. Compared to the literature, ChatGPT provides a comprehensive list of COPD test and evaluation methods. ChatGPT has the potential to help physicians to take decisions in diagnosing, treating, and managing COPD among individuals in its upcoming versions. More researches can be conducted to identify the limits of ChatGPT application in future works.

ChatGPT Applications and Challenges in Controlling Monkey Pox in Pakistan.

Generative Pre-trained Transformer-based Chatbot (ChatGPT) is an emerging OpenAI application with its greater role in revolutionizing the world. ChatGPT can generate a massive amount of data by using the simple textual input. ChatGPT has its role in supporting the communities to make deciding role in healthcare sector. This paper aims to provide information about monkey pox (mpox) infection in Pakistan. Moreover, this paper analyzes the text-based information given by ChatGPT and narrates potential advantages and disadvantages about mpox infection. Spread of infection, symptoms and diagnose of mpox, control and management, and government responsibilities are major identified advantages. Findings of this paper also show some potential issues of ChatGPT AI application, which are as lack of latest data about mpox in Pakistan, reliability and performance issues, cost and resources for appropriate development and implementation of Open AI application in healthcare. Future works can be carried out to address these limitations in ChatGPT AI application.

Enhancements in yield, agronomic, and zinc recovery efficiencies of rice-wheat system through bioactive zinc coated urea application in Aridisols.

BACKGROUND: Zinc (Zn) deficiency and source-dependent Zn fertilization to achieve optimum Zn levels in rice and wheat grains remain global concern for human nutrition, especially in developing countries. To-date, little is known about the effectiveness of bioactive Zn-coated urea (BAZU) to enhance the concentration, uptake, and recovery of Zn in relation to agronomic efficiency in paddy and wheat grains. RESULTS: Field experiments were carried out during 2020-21 on the rice-wheat system at Lahore, Faisalabad, Sahiwal, and Multan, Punjab, Pakistan using four treatments viz.T1 (Urea 46% N @ 185 kg ha-1 + zero Zn), T2 (Urea 46% N @ 185 kg ha-1 + ZnSO4 33% Zn @ 15 kg ha-1), T3 (BAZU 42% N @ 103 kg ha-1 + Urea 46% N @ 62 kg ha-1 + 1% bioactive Zn @ 1.03 kg ha-1) and T4 (BAZU 42% N @ 125 kg ha-1 + Urea 46% N @ 62 kg ha-1 + 1% bioactive Zn @ 1.25 kg ha-1) in quadruplicate under Randomized Complete Block Design. Paddy yield was increased by 13, 11, 12, and 11% whereas wheat grain yield was enhanced by 12, 11, 11, and 10% under T4 at Multan, Faisalabad, Sahiwal, and Lahore, respectively, compared to T1. Similarly, paddy Zn concentration was increased by 58, 67, 65 and 77% (32.4, 30.7, 31.1, and 34.1 mg kg-1) in rice whereas grain Zn concentration was increased by 90, 87, 96 and 97% (46.2, 43.9, 46.7 and 44.9 mg kg-1) in wheat by the application of BAZU (T4) at Multan, Faisalabad, Sahiwal, and Lahore, respectively, in comparison to T1. Zinc recovery was about 9-fold and 11-fold higher in paddy and wheat grains, respectively, under BAZU (T4) treatment relative to T2 while, the agronomic efficiency was enhanced up to 130% and 141% in rice and wheat respectively as compared to T2. CONCLUSION: Thus, T4 application at the rate of 125 kg ha-1 could prove effective in enhancing the rice paddy and wheat grain yield along with their Zn biofortification (∼34 mg kg-1 and ∼47 mg kg-1, respectively) through increased agronomic and Zn recovery efficiencies, the underlying physiological and molecular mechanisms of which can be further explored in future.

Evaluation of chemosterility effect of different insect growth regulators on Bactrocera zonata population.

The indiscriminate application of synthetic pesticides on horticultural plants for the management of Bactrocera zonata has both economic and environmental implications due to the biomagnification of harmful residues in humans via the food chain. This necessitates the use of some eco-friendly control measures such as insect growth regulators (IGRs) as an alternative. A laboratory experiment was laid out to determine the potential chemosterilant effect of five IGRs including pyriproxyfen, novaluron, lufenuron, buprofezin, and flubendiamide at six different concentrations on B. zonata after treating adult diet. Using the oral bioassay, B. zonata were fed on IGRs impregnated diet (50-300 ppm/5 mL diet) which was replaced with the normal diet after 24 h of feeding. Ten pairs of B. zonata were placed in a separate plastic cage accommodating an ovipositor attractant guava for eggs collection and calculation. An analysis of the result revealed that fecundity and hatchability were higher at a low dose and vice versa. Lufenuron at 300 ppm/5 mL of diet significantly decreased the fecundity rate (31.1%) as compared to pyriproxyfen, novaluron, buprofezin and flubendiamide, which had 39.3%, 39.3%, 43.8%, and 47.5%, respectively. The lowest hatchability (19.9%) was noted in lufenuron treated diet followed by pyriproxyfen, novaluron, buprofezin, and flubendiamide, which had 22.1%, 25.0%, 30.9%, and 31.6%, respectively. Furthermore, in a population of crosses between the lufenuron treated male and female, a significant decrease in fecundity (45.5%) and hatchability (51.7%) was noted as compared to other IGRs. Overall, this study identified the chemosterilant potential of lufenuron on the population of B. zonata which can be integrated for its management strategy.

Visual Outcomes With Intraocular Trifocal Lens Implant.

BACKGROUND: Cataract surgery has become one of the most common surgeries in the world with one in every four surgeries performed being a cataract extraction and the numbers are expected to increase by 16 percent in the USA alone by 2024 as compared to the current statistics. The aim of the study is to analyze the visual outcomes of intraocular lens implants for various visual ranges. METHODS: This non-comparative interventional study was conducted at the Ophthalmology department of Al Ehsan Eye Hospital from Jan to Dec 2021. It included patients who underwent uneventful phacoemulsification with an intraocular lens implant and analysis of the visual outcomes for uncorrected distance (UDVA), uncorrected intermediate distance (UIVA), and uncorrected near distance (UNVA). RESULTS: Independent sample t-test was applied to observe the mean values of recorded far vision on the 1stday, 1 week, and 1 month after the trifocal intraocular lens implantation. It showed a significant difference with a p-value of 0.00 on 1st day, 1 week, and 1 month after was 0.3±0.1, 0.17±0.09, and 0.14±0.08 respectively. Mean improvement in near vision after 1 month was N6 with S.D 1.03 and in intermediate vision was N8±1.4 respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Trifocal Intraocular lens implantation offers an improved vision for near, intermediate, and distant visual ranges without the need for correction.

Nursing Effect Analysis of Urinary Tract Infections in Urology Surgery Patients: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

This meta-analysis aims to identify urinary tract infections (UTIs) in patients with different levels of age groups. For both diagnosis and treatment of UTIs, antibiotics have been widely used in nursing home settings. We also aimed to evaluate the duration of catheterization in UTI patients to reduce catheter-associated complications. We conducted a systematic review that was performed following the "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses" (PRISMA) guidelines and recommendations from Cochrane Collaboration. We performed a comprehensive search for published literature in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Taylor & Francis Online, Springer, and Wiley Online databases from 2010 to June 25, 2021. We performed two meta-analysis: the first meta-analysis (meta-analysis I) was performed on data obtained from included studies that compared patients with UTIs (experimental group) and without UTIs (control group); the second meta-analysis (meta-analysis II) was performed to assess the appropriate use of a catheter in UTI patients. All statistical analyses were conducted using the Review Manager 5.4 tool. A total of 15 research articles were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Of these, results showed the identification of critical patients with UTIs and without UTIs from nursing resident homes (risk ratio [RR] = 0.80 95% confidence interval CI = 0.69-0.93 p < 0.0001). Risk ratio results with random effects (RE) were obtained as RR = 0.69 95% CI = 0.26-1.83, p = 0.45, along with heterogeneity I 2 (96%) values. No appropriate prescription of antibiotics in UTIs is practiced among nursing home residents. In addition, pooled results between two groups (short-duration vs. long-duration catheterization) showed RR 0.66 95% CI 0.46-0.93 p = 0.02, I 2 = 56, that reduced complications associated with CAUTIs. This systematic review and meta-analysis suggested an appropriate use of agents and catheter insertion for a short duration at nursing homes.

Fluoroquinolones and the risk of aortic aneurysm or aortic dissection: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis including 53,651,283 patients.

INTRODUCTION: The association between fluoroquinolone use and the risk of aortic aneurysm as well as the risk of aortic dissections remains uncertain, primarily due to conflicting findings from observational studies. We sought to conduct a double-systematic review and meta-analysis of all observational studies to assess the existence and extent of both these associations. The aim of our study is to assess the role of Fluoroquinolone on aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection in comparison to other antibiotics. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: MEDLINE and Cochrane CENTRAL were systematically searched up till June 2021 for observational studies studying the correlation between fluoroquinolone usage and aortic aneurysms and dissections. Random-effects pooling was used to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). To assess publication bias, propensity score matching was conducted, and heterogeneity was evaluated by using I2 statistics. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: Of 688 potentially relevant articles, 635 titles were screened. Ten studies were included in the systematic review, and 4 observational studies with 53,651,283 participants were eligible to be included in the meta-analysis. Pooled estimates showed that fluoroquinolone use was associated with a higher risk of aortic aneurysm when compared to other Antibiotics (HR 1.84, 95% CI 1.10-2.48; P<0.00001). However, fluoroquinolones had no significant effect on the risk of developing aortic dissection (HR 1.09, 95% CI 0.96-1.25; P=0.19). CONCLUSIONS: The present analysis suggests that fluoroquinolone usage is more strongly linked to aortic aneurysm than other antibiotics. However, there was no statistically significant link between fluoroquinolone and aortic dissection. As a result, clinicians should exercise caution when administering fluoroquinolone to patients who have a history of or are at risk of aortic disease.

Revolutionizing ocular cancer management: a narrative review on exploring the potential role of ChatGPT.

This paper pioneers the exploration of ocular cancer, and its management with the help of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology. Existing literature presents a significant increase in new eye cancer cases in 2023, experiencing a higher incidence rate. Extensive research was conducted using online databases such as PubMed, ACM Digital Library, ScienceDirect, and Springer. To conduct this review, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines are used. Of the collected 62 studies, only 20 documents met the inclusion criteria. The review study identifies seven ocular cancer types. Important challenges associated with ocular cancer are highlighted, including limited awareness about eye cancer, restricted healthcare access, financial barriers, and insufficient infrastructure support. Financial barriers is one of the widely examined ocular cancer challenges in the literature. The potential role and limitations of ChatGPT are discussed, emphasizing its usefulness in providing general information to physicians, noting its inability to deliver up-to-date information. The paper concludes by presenting the potential future applications of ChatGPT to advance research on ocular cancer globally.