A national-scale assessment of land subsidence in China's major cities.

China's massive wave of urbanization may be threatened by land subsidence. Using a spaceborne synthetic aperture radar interferometry technique, we provided a systematic assessment of land subsidence in all of China's major cities from 2015 to 2022. Of the examined urban lands, 45% are subsiding faster than 3 millimeters per year, and 16% are subsiding faster than 10 millimeters per year, affecting 29 and 7% of the urban population, respectively. The subsidence appears to be associated with a range of factors such as groundwater withdrawal and the weight of buildings. By 2120, 22 to 26% of China's coastal lands will have a relative elevation lower than sea level, hosting 9 to 11% of the coastal population, because of the combined effect of city subsidence and sea-level rise. Our results underscore the necessity of enhancing protective measures to mitigate potential damages from subsidence.

Intracranial pressure monitoring in neurosurgery: the present situation and prospects.

Intracranial pressure (ICP) is one of the most important indexes in neurosurgery. It is essential for doctors to determine the numeric value and changes of ICP, whether before or after an operation. Although external ventricular drainage (EVD) is the gold standard for monitoring ICP, more and more novel monitoring methods are being applied clinically.Invasive wired ICP monitoring is still the most commonly used in practice. Meanwhile, with the rise and development of various novel technologies, non-invasive types and invasive wireless types are gradually being used clinically or in the testing phase, as a complimentary approach of ICP management. By choosing appropriate monitoring methods, clinical neurosurgeons are able to obtain ICP values safely and effectively under particular conditions.This article introduces diverse monitoring methods and compares the advantages and disadvantages of different monitoring methods. Moreover, this review may enable clinical neurosurgeons to have a broader view of ICP monitoring.

Hypoxia Contributes to Poor Prognosis in Primary IDH-wt GBM by Inducing Tumor Cells MES-Like Transformation Trend and Inhibiting Immune Cells Activity.

AIMS: To reveal the influence of hypoxia on tumor cells and immune cells in primary IDH-wt glioblastoma patients. METHODS: Single-cell RNA-seq data and bulk RNA-seq data were acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases, respectively. Hypoxia status and subtypes of tumor cells were identified based on single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA). Regulon network analysis of different subtypes under different conditions was conducted by SCENIC. Within tumor microenvironment, biological process activity analysis and cell-cell communication network were conducted to uncover the inner links between each cell subtype under different hypoxia status. RESULTS: Different types of tumor cell in GBM possessed different hypoxia status, and MES-like subtype was under a more severe hypoxia condition than other subtypes. Hypoxia also induced MES-like signature gene expression within each tumor cell, which could stimulate tumor cell proliferation and invasion by regulating cell-cell communication. Additionally, hypoxia inhibited immune cell activity in the tumor microenvironment by inducing macrophage phenotype polarization and upregulating immune-inhibited cell-cell interaction within immune cells. Interactions between tumor cells and immune cells under hypoxia status also promoted tumor progression. CONCLUSIONS: Hypoxia was a poor prognostic marker for primary IDH-wt GBM patients. Meanwhile, it could induce tumor cells' MES-like transformation trend and inhibit antitumor function of immune cells.

[Effect of pulsed electromagnetic field with different frequencies on the proliferation, apoptosis and migration of human ovarian cancer cells].

Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF), a non-invasive physical treatment modality, is now used clinically to promote bone formation for osteoporosis. The patients after ectomy of ovarian cancer are easily complicated with osteoporosis. However, the safety parameters of PEMF treatment for the osteoporosis patients after resection of ovarian cancer remain unknown. Therefore, this study was designed to examine the effect of different frequency of PEMF on the proliferation, apoptosis and migration of human ovarian cancer cells (SKOV3 cells). Cultured SKOV3 cells were exposed to PEMF stimulation daily with radiation of 8 Hz, 16 Hz, 32 Hz and 64 Hz, respectively. We used sinusoidal waves with strength of 1 mT, twice a day with an interval of 12 hours. An exposure to the waves lasted 30 minutes, for 3 days, with those no PEMF stimulation serving as the control. The proliferation of cells was detected using EdU assay, and the apoptosis of cell was assessed with Annexin V-FITC fluorescence. The migration of cells was measured with the scratch wound assay. The data showed that exposure to PEMF of 1 mT, 8 Hz for 3 days could significantly inhibit the proliferation of SKOV3 cells and induce the apoptosis of the cells. The migrated distance and number were increased by 1 mT, 8 Hz or 32 Hz PEMF stimulation, but decreased by 1 mT, 16 Hz treatment. The results suggested that we should be careful about the safety of PEMF treatment and strictly choose the optical parameters in preventing or treating the osteoporosis of the patients after resection of ovarian cancer.