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1.
Med Biol Eng Comput ; 2024 Aug 31.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39215783

RESUMEN

Deep learning has been widely used in ultrasound image analysis, and it also benefits kidney ultrasound interpretation and diagnosis. However, the importance of ultrasound image resolution often goes overlooked within deep learning methodologies. In this study, we integrate the ultrasound image resolution into a convolutional neural network and explore the effect of the resolution on diagnosis of kidney tumors. In the process of integrating the image resolution information, we propose two different approaches to narrow the semantic gap between the features extracted by the neural network and the resolution features. In the first approach, the resolution is directly concatenated with the features extracted by the neural network. In the second approach, the features extracted by the neural network are first dimensionally reduced and then combined with the resolution features to form new composite features. We compare these two approaches incorporating the resolution with the method without incorporating the resolution on a kidney tumor dataset of 926 images consisting of 211 images of benign kidney tumors and 715 images of malignant kidney tumors. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of the method without incorporating the resolution is 0.8665, and the AUCs of the two approaches incorporating the resolution are 0.8926 (P < 0.0001) and 0.9135 (P < 0.0001) respectively. This study has established end-to-end kidney tumor classification systems and has demonstrated the benefits of integrating image resolution, showing that incorporating image resolution into neural networks can more accurately distinguish between malignant and benign kidney tumors in ultrasound images.

2.
Front Plant Sci ; 15: 1370949, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38590746

RESUMEN

Impatiens uliginosa is a plant of the Impatiens, with peculiar flowers. In this study, we combined morphogenesis and molecular biology to explore its development of flowers. An analysis of basic observational data and paraffin sectioning showed that it took approximately 13 d for the floral organs to differentiate. An analysis of the development of inflorescences and floral organs by scanning electron microscopy showed that the inflorescence of I. uliginosa is a spiral raceme. The floral organs differentiated in the following order: lateral sepals (Ls), posterior sepal (Ps), anterior sepals (As), anterior petal (Ap), lateral petals (Lp), stamens (St) and gynoecium (Gy). I. uliginosa was found to have four sepals, and the connate stamens are caused by the fusion and growth of filament appendages. The results of fluorescence quantification and virus-induced gene silencing showed that I. uliginosa had its own unique model for flower development, and there was functional diversity of IuAP1 and IuDEF. Among them, IuAP1 controls the formation of bract s (Br), regulates the morphogenesis of posterior sepal, controls the anthocyanin precipitation of the anterior petals and the formation of lateral petals. IuDEF regulates the morphogenesis of lateral sepals, the length of development of the spur, and controls the size of yellow flower color plaques of the lateral petals. In this study, the process of flower development and the function of flower development genes of I. uliginosa were preliminarily verified. This study provides basic guidance and new concepts that can be used to study the development of Impatiens flowers.

3.
Eur J Prev Cardiol ; 31(1): 13-20, 2024 Jan 05.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37697428

RESUMEN

AIMS: Denture use may potentially increase the risk of cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs), but the casual relevance and strength of the associations are currently unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 495 938 participants from the UK Biobank were included in the observational analyses. Linkage disequilibrium score (LDSC) regression and Mendelian randomization analyses were employed to estimate genetic correlation and the associations between the genetic liability for denture use with coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, heart failure (HF), any stroke (AS), ischaemic stroke, haemorrhagic stroke, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and related clinical risk factors. In observational analysis, denture use was associated with 14-25% higher risks of various CMDs. The LDSC analysis found that denture use showed a positive genetic correlation with CMDs (rg 0.21-0.38). Genetic liability for denture use was associated with an elevated risk of HF [odds ratio: 1.49 (1.20-1.83)] and T2D [1.11 (1.01-1.24)]. By integrating genetic summary data of denture use with the sum of decayed, missing, and filled tooth surfaces (DMFS), a clinical measure of dental caries obtained from an independent source, genetically determined denture use/DMFS was also associated with an elevated risk of AS [1.21 (1.04-1.40)]. Furthermore, genetically predicted denture use/DMFS was significantly associated with established cardiometabolic risk factors, including HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and height. CONCLUSION: Our study supported potential causal associations between the genetic liability for denture use and risks for HF, AS, T2D, and related clinical risk factors. These findings may inform prevention and intervention strategies targeting dental diseases and CMDs.


This study examined the association of denture use with cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) and related clinical risk factors through Mendelian randomization analyses using data from UK Biobank and published consortia. Genetic liability for denture use was associated with an 11­49% higher risk of heart failure, stroke, and type 2 diabetes.The potential causal relationship between denture use and CMDs was further strengthened by the associations of denture use with HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and height, which are among the major risk factors of CMDs.


Asunto(s)
Isquemia Encefálica , Caries Dental , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Accidente Cerebrovascular , Humanos , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/diagnóstico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/epidemiología , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/genética , Análisis de la Aleatorización Mendeliana , Caries Dental/complicaciones , Índice de Masa Corporal , Factores de Riesgo , Dentaduras/efectos adversos , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple
4.
Opt Express ; 31(19): 31486-31503, 2023 Sep 11.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37710666

RESUMEN

Microbial bacteria play an irreplaceable role in natural and human production and life; thus, determining their activities is an important issue. This study proposed a method to quantitatively determine the activity of microbial materials through extinction property calculation using infrared spectroscopy. Complex refractive indices of different active biomaterials were calculated based on their infrared spectra, and their extinction properties were determined using the discrete dipole approximation method. Using partial least squares (PLS), support vector regression (SVR), and extreme learning machine (ELM) regression, quantitative determination models of microbial materials based on infrared extinction properties were established to predict their activity. The results demonstrated that the model of least angle regression (LAR) combined with PLS exhibited better potential for the determination of biomaterial activity. The coefficient of determination (R2) values acquired by the optimal model for the three biomaterials were 0.9699, 0.9744, and 0.9621, respectively. These findings suggested that a rapid and accurate quantitative determination of microbial activity can be achieved based on extinction property.


Asunto(s)
Materiales Biocompatibles , Aprendizaje , Humanos , Luz , Espectrofotometría Infrarroja
5.
Heliyon ; 8(11): e11818, 2022 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36458317

RESUMEN

Objectives: Comparative studies of different smokescreen designs are essential to determine differences in extinction performance. This study aims to investigate the extinction performance of explosive smokescreen under different conditions, and to provide an evaluation method for the optimal design of its charge structure. Methods: The process of formation of the smokescreen with a cylindrical charge structure is described based on the smoothed particle hydrodynamics method. The blast radius and particle density distribution of the smokescreen were calculated for different charge structures and charge ratios through simulations. Lambert-Beer's law was combined to obtain the infrared extinction area. An analysis was then conducted to determine the influence of the number of baffles in the charge structure and charge ratio on the extinction performance of the smokescreen. Field tests were conducted to verify the simulation results. Results: Increasing the number of baffles in the projectile structure made the particle distribution of the smokescreen more uniform and resulted in a larger infrared extinction area. An increase in the explosive quantity, made the smokescreen more dispersed. However, too much of the explosives caused the smokescreen to be sparse, reducing the infrared extinction area.

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