RESUMEN
Hepatic affection by granulomatous inflammation in schistosomiasis suggested that a potential anti-pathology vaccine could be generated based on limiting the presence of hazardous hepatocytes induced apoptosis and caused reduction of granulomas number and size . So, this work is concerned with experimental assessment of the efficacy of different Schistosoma mansoni antigens (SEA, SWAP and combined SEA and SWAP) on murine liver after challenge by Schistosoma infection, histopathological, histochemical and molecular investigations were performed on sixty male laboratory bred Swiss Albino mice. A schedule of vaccination and challenge infection was followed and performed on 6 mice groups (each of ten); control normal (G1), control infected (G2), adjuvant received then infected (G3), SEA + adj. received then infected (G4), SWAP + adj. received then infected (G5) and SEA + SWAP + adj. received then infected (G6).Animals were euthanized 10 weeks post infection.Vaccination efficacy was assessed by histopathological, histochemical and molecular studies on murine hepatic tissues.Results showed that:The combined (SEA + SWAP) antigens were better in reducing the number and diameter of the hepatic granulomas, with more protection of the hepatocytes DNA, in addition to more decrease of hepatocytes induced apoptosis and fragmentation as demonstrated by molecular assay.
RESUMEN
Two hundred children were included in this study, 80 patients showing clinical and/or biochemical evidence of chronic liver disease, 80 immuno-compromised children due to causes other than chronic liver disease and 40 healthy control. All were subjected to detailed history, thorough clinical examination, investigated by liver function tests and stool examination by special techniques for opportunistic intestinal parasites. Autoimmune chronic hepatitis represented 12.5% of cases with chronic liver disease, hepatic schistosomiasis 30%, congenital cholestasis 25%, chronic viral hepatitis 20% and metabolic liver diseases 12.5%. The incidence of opportunistic intestinal parasites with chronic liver disease (92.5%) was nearly similar to the immuno-compromised ones (90%) and significantly higher than controls (30%). Mixed infection was not detected in controls while 57.5% of patients with chronic liver disease and 35% of immuno-compromised were infected by 2 parasites and 12.5% of each group was infected by more parasites. The commonest parasites were G. lamblia, E. histolytica and C. parvum but no Strongyloides stercoralis was detected. Children with chronic liver disease can be considered immuno-compromised and are liable to infection by opportunistic intestinal parasites.
