Porosidad del agregado trióxido mineral. Una revisión sistemática / Mineral trioxide aggregate porosity. A systematic review

OBJETIVO: Los materiales que se emplean para procedimientos dentales en los que el material contacta directamente con el tejido pulpar y tejidos periodontales han de cumplir una serie de propiedades, entre ellas la biocompatibilidad. A su vez, han de ser materiales que eviten el paso de fluidos y microorganismos con el fin de preservar las condiciones óptimas de los tejidos. El objetivo de esta revisión sistemática fue evaluar la porosidad de los diferentes cementos de agregado trióxido mineral (MTA). MÉTODO: Dos investigadores realizaron búsquedas avanzadas en: PubMed Central, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Li-brary, Science Direc y Science Database (Proquest) siguiendo los criterios PRISMA. Los criterios de inclusión contemplaban los es-tudios in vitro, publicados en inglés desde enero de 1993 hasta abril de 2019, que analizaran y midieran la porosidad del MTA. Se excluyeron los estudios in vivo, piloto, editoriales, cartas, revisiones sistemáticas, reseñas literarias, resúmenes de conferencias y trabajos de fin de grado. RESULTADOS: Un total de 853 artículos resultó de la búsqueda inicial, de los que solo 19 pasaron los criterios de inclusión, exclusión y el análisis del riesgo de sesgo. En ellos, se analizan distintas técnicas de condensación del MTA, radiopacificadores, sustratos, etc., en busca de materiales que presenten menor porosidad. CONCLUSIONES: La elevada heterogeneidad de los estudios sobre porosidad y el hecho de que éstos no estén estandarizados, pue-de condicionar la validez externa o generalización de los resultados entre los distintos investigadores para un mismo material y procedimiento. En los estudios que realizan una comparación entre varios materiales, concluyen que tanto MTA ProRoot® y Bio-dentineTM obtuvieron mejores resultados en cuanto a porosidad. Número de solicitud (PROSPERO): 124340

OBJECTIVE: Materials used for dental procedures in which the material directly contacts the pulp and periodontal tissues must have a series of characteristics, such as biocompatibility. Equally, they must be materials that prevent the passage of fluids and microorganisms aiming at keeping the optimal conditions of the tissues intact. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the porosity of the different cements of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). METHOD: Two researchers conducted advanced searches in: PubMed Central, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect and ScienceDatabase (Proquest) following the PRISMA criteria. Inclusion criteria took into account in vitro studies, published in English from January 1993 to April 2019, to analyse and measure the porosity of the MTA. In vivo and pilot studies were excluded, as well as editorials, letters, systematic reviews, literary reviews, conference abstracts and dissertations. RESULTS: A total of 853 articles resulted from the initial search, of which only 19 met the criteria for inclusion, exclusion and analysis of the risk of bias. In them, different condensation techniques of the MTA, radiopacifiers, substrates, etc., are analysed in quest of materials with less porosity. CONCLUSIONS: The high heterogeneity of the studies on porosity and the fact that they are not standardised, can condition the external validity or generalisation of the results among the different researchers for the same material and procedure. In the studies that make a comparison between several materials, they conclude that both MTA ProRoot® and BiodentineTM obtained better outcomes in terms of porosity as compared with other marketed brands. Application number (PROSPERO): 124340

Causa inusual de insuficiencia cardiaca a edad avanzada / Unusual cause of heart failure in an elderly patient

No disponible

Structural differences in enamel and dentin in human, bovine, porcine, and ovine teeth.

BACKGROUND: The aim was to study differences between crystalline nanostructures from the enamel and dentin of human, bovine, porcine, and ovine species. METHODS: Dentine and enamel fragments extracted from sound human, bovine, porcine and ovine incisors and molars were mechanically ground up to a final particle size of <100µm. Samples were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). RESULTS: Human enamel (HE) and dentin (HD) showed a-axis and c-axis lengths of the carbonate apatite (CAP) crystal lattice nearer to synthetic hydroxyapatite (SHA), which had the smallest size. Enamel crystal sizes were always higher than those of dentin for all species. HE and HD had the largest crystal, followed by bovine samples. Hydroxyapatites (HAs) in enamel had a higher crystallinity index (CI), CIRietveld and CIFTIR, than the corresponding dentin of the same species. HE and HD had the highest CIs, followed by ovine enamel (OE). The changes in heat capacity that were nearest to values in human teeth during the glass transition (ΔCp) were in porcine specimens. There was a significant direct correlation between the size of the a-axis and the substitution by both type A and B carbonates. The size of the nanocrystals and the crystallinity (CIRietveld y CIFTIR) were significantly and negatively correlated with the proteic phase of all the substrates. There was a strongly positive correlation between the caloric capacity, the CIs and the crystal size and a strongly negative correlation between carbonates type A and B and proteins. CONCLUSIONS: There are differences in the organic and inorganic content of human, bovine, porcine and ovine enamels and dentins which should be taken into account when interpreting the results of studies using animal substrates as substitutes for human material.

Cambra system in patients awaiting hematopoietic progenitor cell transplant and high caries risk.

BACKGROUND: Recent times have witnessed a significant increase in the number of patients affected by problems related to oncological treatment Aims of this study is to evaluate dental affectation among patients awaiting hematopoietic progenitor cell transplant (HPCT), and they showed high caries risk, so it should establish a protocol prior to transplantation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 72 patients due for HPCT. Clinical and radiological explorations were performed and oral photos taken. The amount of caries, missing teeth and fillings were registered for each patient. CAO, DMFS and Restoration Indices were calculated. RESULTS: 83% of patients presented caries. 48 patients (67%) had lost at least one tooth. Only 32 patients (44%) had received some sort of conservative treatment. The average CAO index value obtained was 10.37. The DMFS index showed an average of 27.06 affected surfaces. Of the 72 patients studied, 40 (56%) showed a restoration index value of zero. CONCLUSIONS: These patients presented a high number of carious teeth and a low restoration index. The presence of so many possible septic foci in an individual, who will later become susceptible to infection, highlights the importance of preventative treatment and bucco-dental restoration within this patient population. These patients with a high caries risk can be treated with CAMBRA system. Key words:Hematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation, high caries risk, state of oral health, haematological disease, CAMBRA system.

Influence of oral health on mucositis in patients undergoing hematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation (HPCT)

Aims: To establish whether or not the state of patient oral health can influence the occurrence and/or severity of oral mucositis during hematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation (HPCT).Materials and Methods: The study included 72 patients awaiting HPCT. Prior to transplantation, clinical exploration and radiology were carried out and oral photographs were taken. This evaluated the extent of caries present, the number of missing teeth and the number of dental fillings in each patient; CAO (Caries and Obturations Index)DMFS (Decayed, Missing, and Filled Surfaces) and Restoration Indices were calculated. Gingival pathology was also examined by means of the Ainamo and Bay Gingival Bleeding Index. O’Leary’s Plaque Index was used to evaluate the level of patient oral hygiene. This data was analyzed to see if it exercised any influence on the mucositis grade suffered during HPCT. Results: 96,87% of patients suffered some degree of mucositis during their treatment by the Transplant Unit. The grade of mucositis was seen to be influenced by the number of missing teeth (ANOVA p<0.016) and by the DMFS Index (ANOVA p< 0.038). Although this was not one of the aims of this study, patient age and the administration of colony-stimulating factors were also seen to influence these clinical manifestations. Conclusions: The state of prior oral health can influence decisively the mucositis suffered during transplantation (AU)

Influence of oral health on mucositis in patients undergoing hematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation (HPCT).

AIMS: To establish whether or not the state of patient oral health can influence the occurrence and/or severity of oral mucositis during hematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation (HPCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 72 patients awaiting HPCT. Prior to transplantation, clinical exploration and radiology were carried out and oral photographs were taken. This evaluated the extent of caries present, the number of missing teeth and the number of dental fillings in each patient; CAO (Caries and Obturations Index) DMFS (Decayed, Missing, and Filled Surfaces) and Restoration Indices were calculated. Gingival pathology was also examined by means of the Ainamo and Bay Gingival Bleeding Index. O'Leary's Plaque Index was used to evaluate the level of patient oral hygiene. This data was analyzed to see if it exercised any influence on the mucositis grade suffered during HPCT. RESULTS: 96,87% of patients suffered some degree of mucositis during their treatment by the Transplant Unit. The grade of mucositis was seen to be influenced by the number of missing teeth (ANOVA p<0.016) and by the DMFS Index (ANOVA p< 0.038). Although this was not one of the aims of this study, patient age and the administration of colony-stimulating factors were also seen to influence these clinical manifestations. CONCLUSIONS: The state of prior oral health can influence decisively the mucositis suffered during transplantation.

Schizotypy and pathological personality profile in siblings of patients with psychosis / Esquizotipia y perfil de personalidad patológica en hermanos de pacientes psicóticos

Schizotypy has been proposed to be the expression of the genetic vulnerability to schizophrenia. Schizotypal features have been associated with personality dimensions found in patients with psychosis. In this study, we compared the Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology - Basic Questionnaire (DAPP-BQ) scores of patients with psychosis, siblings scoring higher on schizotypy (SSHS), and siblings scoring lower (SSLS). The SSHSs displayed a DAPP-BQ profile characterized by high scores in the dimensions of affective lability, anxiousness, submissiveness, social avoidance, identity problems, oppositionality, narcissism, and restricted expression, distinguishing them from the SSLS. Due to these dimensions, SSHSs are more similar to the patients’ DAPP-BQ profile. The results suggest that this pathological personality profile might contribute to increase the risk of developing psychosis in siblings who have more schizotypal features (AU)

Esquizotipia y perfil de personalidad patológica en hermanos de pacientes psicóticos. La esquizotipia ha sido propuesta como la expresión de la vulnerabilidad genética para la esquizofrenia. Las características esquizotípicas han sido asociadas con las dimensiones de personalidad encontradas en pacientes con psicosis. En este estudio comparamos las puntuaciones del Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology - Basic Questionnaire (DAPP-BQ) de pacientes con psicosis, hermanos con puntuaciones altas en esquizotipia (SSHS) y hermanos con puntuaciones bajas (SSLS). Los SSHS mostraron un perfil del DAPP-BQ caracterizado por puntuaciones elevadas en las dimensiones de labilidad afectiva, ansiedad, sumisión, evitación social, problemas de identidad, oposición, narcisismo y expresión restringida, distinguiéndolos de los SSLS. Estas dimensiones hacen a los SSHS más parecidos al perfil del DAPP-BQ de los pacientes. Los resultados sugieren que este perfil de personalidad patológica podría contribuir a incrementar riesgo de desarrollar psicosis en los hermanos que tienen más características esquizotípicas (AU)

Schizotypy and pathological personality profile in siblings of patients with psychosis.

Schizotypy has been proposed to be the expression of the genetic vulnerability to schizophrenia. Schizotypal features have been associated with personality dimensions found in patients with psychosis. In this study, we compared the Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology - Basic Questionnaire (DAPP-BQ) scores of patients with psychosis, siblings scoring higher on schizotypy (SSHS), and siblings scoring lower (SSLS). The SSHSs displayed a DAPP-BQ profile characterized by high scores in the dimensions of affective lability, anxiousness, submissiveness, social avoidance, identity problems, oppositionality, narcissism, and restricted expression, distinguishing them from the SSLS. Due to these dimensions, SSHSs are more similar to the patients' DAPP-BQ profile. The results suggest that this pathological personality profile might contribute to increase the risk of developing psychosis in siblings who have more schizotypal features.

Criopreservación cardíaca a temperatura subcero: estudio de la función sistólica y diastólica / Cardiac cryopreservation at subzero temperatures: study of systolic and diastolic function

Introducción. Estudiamos las alteraciones producidas en la función sistólica y diastólica del ventrículo izquierdo tras aplicar un protocolo de criopreservación a temperatura subcero sobre corazón de conejo aislado, utilizando como agente crioprotector el polietilenglicol de PM 4.000 al 5 por ciento. Material y método. Usamos el CP-16 como solución crioprotectora en el corazón explantado en tres fases: inducción, almacenamiento y recalentamiento. Tras 60 min a -1,6 °C y recalentado a 2,7 °C/min, el corazón se conecta al sistema Langendorff y se perfunde por vía anterógrada con solución de Krebs-Henseleit. Analizamos los parámetros sistólicos y diastólicos antes y después de la criopreservación, estableciendo un estudio estadístico comparativo. Resultados. Tras la criopreservación encontramos un aumento estadísticamente significativo (p < 0,05) de los valores de la presión pico y desarrollada de ventrículo izquierdo con desplazamiento de la curva de función ventricular hacia arriba y la izquierda, lo que indica una mejora de la función sistólica. Sin embargo, en la función diastólica se observó un empeoramiento, con un aumento estadísticamente significativo (p < 0,05) de la rigidez media, descenso de la rigidez diferencial con p < 0,05 y desplazamiento hacia arriba y la izquierda de la curva diastólica de presión-volumen. Conclusiones. Según nuestros resultados concluimos que: a) el polietilengliol de PM 4000 al 5 por ciento mantiene la viabilidad biológica del corazón durante el protocolo de criopreservación a temperatura subcero, y b) tras la criopreservación se produce un empeoramiento de la función diastólica de ventrículo izquierdo con mejoría de la función sistólica (AU)