Assessment of Nutrient Levels Provided by General Hospital Patient Menus: A Cross-Sectional Study Carried Out in the Region of Murcia (Spain).

Disease-related malnutrition remains a health problem with a high prevalence that increases the risk of poor patient outcomes, in addition to an elevation of healthcare costs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional quality of the menus at Ribera Molina Hospital, including their adequacy regarding recommended daily nutrient intakes and the agreement with the theoretical nutrition information provided by catering. The mean levels of energy, macronutrients, vitamins, and minerals provided by the basal, diabetic, and soft diets were calculated through the weighing of plated food served throughout the first 14 days of February 2020. A nutritional overestimation was seen in the nutrition information provided by the catering compared to the values derived from weighing foods (p < 0.01). Despite this, the nutritional content calculated by weighing satisfied the energy and protein requirements of 203 hospitalized patients previously studied in the internal medicine area of the hospital. The mean age of these patients was 62 years, and the main causes of admission were lung, cardiovascular, renal, and digestive diseases. There seems to be an insufficient amount of vitamins E and D, as well as magnesium, on all the menus. A possible insufficient amount of calcium, potassium, zinc, and copper was observed in some of the menus studied. It is necessary to update the hospital prescription manual so the nutritional contents of the diets are accurate and based on the weighted and calculated values to improve the adequacy of diets prescribed to patients.

A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials on the Efficacy and Safety of CRLX101 Cyclodextrin-Based Nanomedicine for Cancer Treatment.

CRLX101 is a cyclodextrin-based nanopharmaceutical designed to improve the delivery and efficacy of the anti-cancer drug camptothecin. Cyclodextrins have unique properties that can enhance drug solubility, stability, and bioavailability, making them an attractive option for drug delivery. The use of cyclodextrin-based nanoparticles can potentially reduce toxicity and increase the therapeutic index compared to conventional chemotherapy. CRLX101 has shown promise in preclinical studies, demonstrating enhanced tumor targeting and prolonged drug release. This systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines, assessing the efficacy and toxicity of CRLX101 in cancer treatment using clinical trials. Studies from January 2010 to April 2023 were searched in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, using specific search terms. The risk of bias was assessed using ROBINS-I and Cochrane risk-of-bias tools. After screening 6018 articles, 9 were included in the final review. These studies, conducted between 2013 and 2022, focused on patients with advanced or metastatic cancer resistant to standard therapies. CRLX101 was often combined with other therapeutic agents, resulting in improvements such as increased progression-free survival and clinical benefit rates. Toxicity was generally manageable, with common adverse events including fatigue, nausea, and anemia.

Phase Angle, Handgrip Strength, and Other Indicators of Nutritional Status in Cancer Patients Undergoing Different Nutritional Strategies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Malnutrition in cancer patients is one of the most influential factors in the evolution and mortality of such patients. To reduce the incidence of malnutrition, it is necessary to establish a correct nutritional intervention. For this purpose, precise tools and indicators must be developed to determine the patient's condition. The main objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to analyze the relationship between different nutritional strategies, phase angle (PA), and handgrip strength in patients with cancer, with the secondary objectives being the modification of other indicators of nutritional status, such as weight and body mass index (BMI). A systematic review of randomized clinical trials was carried out in March 2023 in the databases PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Scopus. As a risk-of-bias tool, RoB 2.0 was utilized. A total of 8 studies with a total of 606 participants were included in the analysis. A significant increase in PA was observed after the different nutritional strategies (SMD: 0.43; 95% CI: 0.10 to 0.77; p = 0.01; I2 = 65.63%), also detecting a significant increase in handgrip strength (SMD: 0.27, 95% CI: 0.08 to 0.47; p = 0.01; I2 = 30.70%). A significant increase in PA and handgrip were observed in cancer patients subjected to different nutritional strategies. These results suggest that these indicators could be used in the nutritional and functional assessment of the patients.

Complexation between oleanolic and maslinic acids with native and modified cyclodextrins.

Oleanolic (OA) and maslinic (MA) acids are two natural triterpenoids with a wide range of beneficial effects for human health. However, their low solubility and permeability make their application in the food, or pharmaceutical, industry difficult. The complexation of OA and MA with α- ß-, γ-, HP-α-, HP-ß- and HP-γ-CDs, under different pH and temperature conditions, has been studied. Neither α- nor HP-α-CDs formed inclusion complexes, while ß-, HP-ß- and HP-γ-CDs provided AL type and γ-CDs BS phase solubility diagrams. Complexation was shown to be more stable in the case of MA but complexation efficiency was greater for OA. Increasing the pH and temperature of the complexation media tended to improve the complexation process with triterpenic acids.

Optimization of a method for preparing solid complexes of essential clove oil with ß-cyclodextrins.

BACKGROUND: Clove oil (CO) is an aromatic oily liquid used in the food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries for its functional properties. However, its disadvantages of pungent taste, volatility, light sensitivity and poor water solubility can be solved by applying microencapsulation or complexation techniques. RESULTS: Essential CO was successfully solubilized in aqueous solution by forming inclusion complexes with ß-cyclodextrins (ß-CDs). Moreover, phase solubility studies demonstrated that essential CO also forms insoluble complexes with ß-CDs. Based on these results, essential CO-ß-CD solid complexes were prepared by the novel approach of microwave irradiation (MWI), followed by three different drying methods: vacuum oven drying (VO), freeze-drying (FD) or spray-drying (SD). FD was the best option for drying the CO-ß-CD solid complexes, followed by VO and SD. CONCLUSION: MWI can be used efficiently to prepare essential CO-ß-CD complexes with good yield on an industrial scale. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.

Use of cyclodextrins to recover catechin and epicatechin from red grape pomace.

The capacity of cyclodextrins (CDs) to extract phenolic compounds from grape pomace was evaluated and compared with that of ethanol/water or aqueous extraction. The extraction method (stirring and ultrasound), temperature and time were also studied. Total phenolic compounds (TPC) and antioxidant activity were measured, and HPLC analysis was used to identify the phenolic compounds. The extracts obtained using the ethanol/water mixture presented the highest TPC content and antioxidant activity, followed by those obtained using CD solutions. The addition of CDs to the extractant agent had a selective effect on the extraction of catechin and epicatechin. The yield of catechin and epicatechin by using aqueous solutions of CDs was similar to that obtained using organic solvents as ethanol.

BIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES WITH PREVENTIVE EFFECT IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES.

The effect of diet on cardiovascular disease prevention has been widely studied for many years. Numerous studies have confirmed that diets rich in fruits and vegetables (Mediterranean diet) are beneficial to the cardiovascular system and various bioactive food components have preventive effect on chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease. In this paper we review the effect of bioactive substances included in the group of flavonoids (catechins and proanthocyanidins, anthocyanins and isoflavones), stilbenes such as resveratrol, bioactive peptides, plant sterols and polyunsaturated fatty acids omega- 3 on the cardiovascular system.

El efecto de la dieta sobre la prevención de las enfermedades cardiovasculares ha sido ampliamente estudiado durante muchos años. Numerosos estudios han corroborado que las dietas ricas en frutas y hortalizas (dieta mediterránea) resultan cardiosaludables y que diversas sustancias bioactivas que componen los alimentos tienen un efecto preventivo en diversas enfermedades crónicas como son las enfermedades cardiovasculares. En esta revisión vamos a tratar ciertas sustancias bioactivas, como son algunas incluidas en el grupo de los flavonoides (catequinas y proantocianidinas, antocianinas e isoflavonas), estilbenos como el resveratrol, péptidos bioactivos, esteroles vegetales y ácidos grasos poliinsaturados omega-3.

Bioactive substances with preventive effect in cardiovascular diseases / Sustancias bioactivas con efecto preventivo en la enfermedad cardiovascular

The effect of diet on cardiovascular disease prevention has been widely studied for many years. Numerous studies have confirmed that diets rich in fruits and vegetables (Mediterranean diet) are beneficial to the cardiovascular system and various bioactive food components have preventive effect on chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease. In this paper we review the effect of bioactive substances included in the group of flavonoids (catechins and proanthocyanidins, anthocyanins and isoflavones), stilbenes such as resveratrol, bioactive peptides, plant sterols and polyunsaturated fatty acids omega-3 on the cardiovascular system (AU)

El efecto de la dieta sobre la prevención de las enfermedades cardiovasculares ha sido ampliamente estudiado durante muchos años. Numerosos estudios han corroborado que las dietas ricas en frutas y hortalizas (dieta mediterránea) resultan cardiosaludables y que diversas sustancias bioactivas que componen los alimentos tienen un efecto preventivo en diversas enfermedades crónicas como son las enfermedades cardiovasculares. En esta revisión vamos a tratar ciertas sustancias bioactivas, como son algunas incluidas en el grupo de los flavonoides (catequinas y proantocianidinas, antocianinas e isoflavonas), estilbenos como el resveratrol, péptidos bioactivos, esteroles vegetales y ácidos grasos poliinsaturados omega-3 (AU)