RESUMEN
Introduction: The Accountable Health Communities (AHC) Model was designed to address the health-related social needs of Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services beneficiaries. Bridge organizations across the AHC Model have identified lack of technical assistance and peer planning as potential barriers to Model success, particularly around patient navigation. The technical assistance and peer planning literature lacks an organizing, conceptual framework, but implementation science frameworks could serve as useful guides. The Strengthening Peer AHC Navigation (SPAN) research protocol seeks to fill this gap and will apply three implementation science frameworks, Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, Intervention Mapping, and the Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change compilation, to develop a multi-level quality improvement intervention and evaluate the impact of peer planning on Model outcomes. The aims of the SPAN study are to implement and evaluate a novel multi-level quality improvement intervention to improve AHC implementation and navigation milestones through structured peer planning and to provide successful technical assistance for the AHC Model. Methods and Analysis: The quality improvement intervention is outlined in four Tasks: (1) Assessment - to conduct an assessment of each bridge organization's current implementation, needs, and readiness in AHC Model navigation activities; (2) Planning - to engage in a peer planning approach to build capacity for AHC Model navigation activities; (3) Implementation with technical assistance - Co-creation of a quality improvement protocol for AHC Model navigation activities; and (4) Evaluation - measure the impact of the peer planning and technical assistance approach. Alongside the development and implementation of the quality improvement intervention, this protocol describes a mixed method, convergent parallel study design which will be used to evaluate whether the quality improvement intervention will lead to better outcomes. Tasks will be replicated with five bridge organizations participating in the AHC Model. Discussion: This research protocol provides a framework that can be used to conduct structured peer planning with technical assistance for social needs programs. This study will provide data on both implementation and outcomes which eventually may impact healthcare cost and utilization.
RESUMEN
Raman spectroscopy in conjunction with microwave heating is a convenient and robust tool for monitoring organic reactions from a qualitative perspective. Its validity as a method for obtaining quantitative data is shown. Activation enthalpies for the synthesis of a range of substituted chalcones are determined and the results compared with well-established previous data and reactivity trends for this aldol condensation. The methodology is used for obtaining previously unreported pK(a) data for substituted acetophenones.
RESUMEN
Raman spectroscopy has been used as an in situ tool to obtain kinetic data for an organic transformation. The model reaction studied was the synthesis of 3-acetylcoumarin from the condensation between salicylaldehyde and ethyl acetoacetate with piperidine as a catalyst. The study shows that precise kinetic data can be obtained quickly and reproducibly, allowing for the facile determination of both overall reaction order and reaction order with respect to each component of the reaction. Additionally, Arrhenius parameters such as activation energy for a reaction can be readily obtained. In conjunction with computational modeling, this data-rich analysis technique also allows for in-depth probing of mechanistic aspects of reactions. Microwave heating proves to be an ideal tool for aiding in kinetic studies. It offers reproducible noncontact heating as well as precise temperature monitoring and data recording.