Audit of minimally-invasive surgery for submandibular sialolithiasis.

Sialolithiasis is one of most common diseases to affect major salivary glands, with a symptomatic incidence of 27 cases per million per annum. The majority form within the submandibular gland where minimally-invasive treatments have all but eliminated adenectomy. All records of patients presenting with submandibular stones between 1997 and 2015 were reviewed. Stones <5mm were retrieved through endoscopic or radiographic techniques, 5-7mm stones were initially considered for extra-corporeal shock wave lithotripsy, but after poor results were treated through intraoral surgical removal with those >7mm. Follow up was performed at 1 week and 3 months with current status performed with postal and telephone questionnaires. 378 patients had 424 stones removed, successful retrieval in 94% (n=356), with 50 having had previous failures. Median number of stones per patient was 1 (range 1-4), with a mean size of 8.6mm (SD 4.5mm) mainly located at the hilum (50.5%), anterior duct (30%) and Genu (17%). 256 patients (65%) treated through intraoral surgical extraction, 92 (24%) endoscopic alone. Inpatient stay was 1.4 days in first third and 0.5 days in final third. Adenectomy occurred in 14 patients, due to failure to retrieve the sialolith or unresolved symptoms. Complications involved 11 patients with permanent paraesthesia, 7 ranulas and 14 strictures. Patients with preoperative strictures were more likely to develop complications (p=0.002) with paraesthesia being most common. Intraoral minimally-invasive surgery is aesthetic, curative and spares the risk to marginal mandibular nerve and submandibular gland. Length of inpatient stay improved and ranula risk reduced throughout the study.

Biopsy of the sentinel lymph node in oral squamous cell carcinoma: analysis of error in 100 consecutive cases.

UK national guidelines in 2016 recommended that sentinel lymph node biopsy should be offered to patients with early oral cancer (T1-T2 N0) in which the primary site can be reconstructed directly. This study describes the pitfalls that can be avoided in the technique of biopsy to improve outcomes. We retrospectively analysed the data from 100 consecutive patients and recorded any adverse events. Lymphatic drainage of tracer failed in two patients as a result of procedural errors. Two patients with invaded nodes developed recurrence after total neck dissection, one after micrometastases had been diagnosed, and the other as a result of extranodal spread that had led to understaging and therefore undertreatment. Two results would not have been mistakenly classified as clear if all the harvested nodes had been analysed histologically according to the protocol. The disease-specific (96%) and disease-free (92%) survival were better than expected for a group of whom a third had stage 3 disease. If all harvested nodes had been analysed by the correct protocol then two of the three nodes wrongly designated clear would have been detected, two deaths potentially avoided, and the false-negative rate would have fallen from 8.3% to 2.7%. We conclude that minor deviations from protocol can result in a detrimental outcome for the patient.

Sialendoscopy-assisted transfacial removal of parotid calculi.

Superficial parotidectomy has significant morbidity, and minimally invasive techniques have therefore been developed, including those involving sialendoscopy, to remove sialoliths and preserve the gland along with its function. The size, mobility and location of the sialolith, alongside the presence of strictures, all dictate management. We outline basic treatment paradigms and describe two sialoendoscopyassisted surgical procedures developed for treating stones, one intraoral and one extraoral.

Cierre quirurgico del conducto arterioso en recien nacidos de pretermino Cinco anos de experiencia / Surgical closure of patent ductus arteriosus in pre-term newborn infants: 5 years' experience

Se refere la experiencia de los primeros cinco anos de trabajo en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales del Centro Hospitalario 20 de Noviembro del ISSSTE, en el diagnostico y tratamiento quirurgico del conducto arterioso persistente en neonatos con sindrome de dificultad respiratoria sometidos a ventilacion mecanica. Se senalan los datos clinicos para su diagnostico; la edad gestacional, peso, dia promedio en que se efectuo el diagnostico, dia promedio en que fueron sometidos a la cirugia y se comparan estos datos observando su influencia entre el grupo de supervivientes y el grupo que sufrio una defuncion temprana

Alternativa en el manejo del conducto arterioso persistente con indometacina en recien nacidos de pretermino. / Alternatives to the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus with indomethacin in pre-term newborn infants

En una serie de 42 recien nacidos de pretermino con diagnostico de sindrome de dificultad respiratoria y conducto arterioso persistente tratados con indometacina, se analizan los factores que pudieran determinar la respuesta a la indometacina en tres grupos de peso (Grupo I: 1,250g; grupo II: > 1,250g y < 2,000 g y grupo III: 2,001 g < ou igual 2,500 g). Se determino que estadisticamente fue significativa pala hipotesis planteada, la dosis de indometacina empleada y la edad postnatal al momento de iniciar la administracion del farmaco. Estos resultados plantean la alternativa de emplear la via de administracion intravenosa preferentemente sobre la oral, debera considerarse aumentar la dosis del farmaco y finalmente, despues de la primera semana de vida, se recomienda que el farmaco se emplee a dosis repetidas con intervalos cortos