The dynamics of psychological attributes and symptomatic comorbidity of depression in children and adolescents.

PURPOSE: This investigation aimed to explore attribute dynamics and symptomatic comorbidity of depression with internalizing, externalizing, and other personal-contextual problems in children and adolescents from a network analysis. METHODS: We tested an attribute network of regularized partial correlations, standard and alternative centrality measures, and comorbidity bridge symptoms according to centrality bridge measures. RESULTS: Regularized partial correlation network and a centrality measures graph shown the prominent position of social problems and anxiety-depression. Minimum spanning tree (MST) found a hierarchical dynamics between attributes where mixed anxiety-depression was identified as the core and the other attributes were hierarchically connected to it by being positioned in six branches that are differentiated according to their theoretical contents. The most central connections are established with the attributes of their own community or theoretical groups, and 37 bridge symptoms were identified in all networks. CONCLUSIONS: A significant role of mixed anxiety depression as an activator and intermediary of psychopathologies was supported as a central attribute of internalizing problems. Aggressive behavior as part of the broad externalizing dimension was one of the constructs that most intensively activate the network, and social problems were also distinguished as a relevant factor not only in terms of connections and central attributes but also in terms of bridge symptoms and comorbidity. This framework extends to the study of symptomatic "comorbidity."

The Methodological Quality Scale (MQS) for intervention programs: validity evidence.

Introduction: A wide variety of instruments are used when assessing the methodological quality (MQ) of intervention programs. Nevertheless, studies on their metric quality are often not available. In order to address this shortcoming, the methodological quality scale (MQS) is presented as a simple and useful tool with adequate reliability, validity evidence, and metric properties. Methods: Two coders independently applied the MQS to a set of primary studies. The number of MQ facets was determined in parallel analyses before performing factor analyses. For each facet of validity obtained, mean and standard deviation are presented jointly with reliability and average discrimination. Additionally, the validity facet scores are interpreted based on Shadish, Cook, and Campbell's validity model. Results and discussion: An empirical validation of the three facets of the MQ (external, internal, and construct validity) and the interpretation of the scores were obtained based on a theoretical framework. Unlike other existing scales, MQS is easy to apply and presents adequate metric properties. In addition, MQ profiles can be obtained in different areas of intervention using different methodologies and proves useful for both researchers doing meta-analysis and for evaluators and professionals designing a new intervention.

Anxiety and Depression Symptoms in Spanish Children and Adolescents: An Exploration of Comorbidity from the Network Perspective.

The combination of depression and anxiety is among the most prevalent comorbidities of disorders leading to substantial functional impairment in children and adolescents. The network perspective offers a new paradigm for understanding and measuring psychological constructs and their comorbidity. The present study aims to apply network analysis to explore the comorbidity between depression and anxiety symptoms. Specifically, the study examines bridge symptoms, comorbidity, and shortest pathway networks and estimates the impact of the symptoms in the network's connectivity and structure. The findings show that "feeling lonely" and "feeling unloved" are identified as the most central bridge symptoms. The shortest path network suggests that the role of a mixed anxiety-depressive symptomatology, and specific and non-specific symptoms of clinical criteria, such as "worries," "feels depressed," "fears school," and "talks about suicide" could serve as a warning for comorbidity.

Network Analysis of Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms in Children and Adolescents / Análisis de Redes de Síntomas Internalizados y Externalizados en Niños y Adolescentes

Background: Experiencing psychological problems during childhood and adolescence is common. However, the detection of behaviors as symptoms of psychopathologies requiring clinical diagnosis and treatment remains low. In order to advance understanding of psychological phenomena and particularly their behavioral manifestations, new theoretical and methodological perspectives such as network analysis are applied. Method: In the present study, we explore the dynamics of the symptoms of different internalizing, externalizing, and personal-contextual problems using network analysis. We estimate networks of regularized partial correlations, including measures of standard centrality, and the global and structural impact of symptoms on each network. Results: The results show that the syndromes we studied are activated through dynamics of symptoms that are strongly related to each other and act as intermediaries of potential psychopathological problems in children and adolescents (e.g., “feels sad,” “worries,” “won’t talk,” “nausea,” “threatens others,” “steals outside”). Centrality measures and impact coefficient ranges were strength (−2.39, 2.05), betweenness (−1.43, 3.38), closeness (−2.60, 2.23), and expected influence (−2.87, 2.13). Conclusions: The results suggest the need to explore attribute dynamics as well as symptomatic comorbidity between them.(AU)

Antecedentes: La experiencia de problemas psicológicos durante la infancia y la adolescencia es común. Sin embargo, la detección de conductas como síntomas de Psicopatologías que requieren diagnóstico y tratamiento clínico sigue siendo infravalorada. Por ello, para evolucionar en la comprensión de los fenómenos psicológicos considerando sus manifestaciones conductuales particulares, se aplican nuevas perspectivas teóricas y metodológicas como el análisis de redes. Método: En el presente estudio exploramos la dinámica de los síntomas de diferentes problemas internalizados y externalizados y personales-contextuales aplicando el análisis de redes. Se estimaron redes de correlaciones parciales regularizadas que incluye medidas de centralidad estándar e impacto global y estructural de los síntomas de distintos síndromes. Resultados: Los resultados muestran que los síndromes se activan a través de dinámicas de síntomas fuertemente relacionados con los demás y que actúan como intermediarios de potenciales problemas psicopatológicos en niños y adolescentes (por ejemplo, “sentirse triste”, “preocuparse”, “negarse a hablar”, “tener náuseas”, “amenazar a los demás”, “robar fuera”). Las medidas de centralidad y coeficientes de impacto oscilaron entre: fuerza (−2.39, 2.05), intermediación (−1.43, 3.38), cercanía (−2.60, 2.23) e influencia esperada (−2.87, 2.13). Conclusiones: Los resultados obtenidos sugieren la necesidad de explorar la dinámica multiconstructo, así como la comorbilidad sintomática entre ellas.(AU)

Development of Flow State Self-Regulation Skills and Coping With Musical Performance Anxiety: Design and Evaluation of an Electronically Implemented Psychological Program.

Positive Psychology has turned its attention to the study of emotions in a scientific and rigorous way. Particularly, to how emotions influence people's health, performance, or their overall life satisfaction. Within this trend, Flow theory has established a theoretical framework that helps to promote the Flow experience. Flow state, or optimal experience, is a mental state of high concentration and enjoyment that, due to its characteristics, has been considered desirable for the development of the performing activity of performing musicians. Musicians are a population prone to health problems, both psychological and physical, owing to different stressors of their training and professional activity. One of the most common problems is Musical Performance Anxiety. In this investigation, an electronic intervention program was carried out for the development of psychological self-regulation skills whose main objective was to trigger the Flow response in performing musicians and the coping mechanism for Musical Performance Anxiety. A quasi-experimental design was used with a control group in which pre- and post-measures of Flow State, Musical Performance Anxiety and, also, Social Skills were taken. Sixty-two performing musicians from different music colleges in Spain participated in the program. Results indicated that the intervention significantly improved Flow State (t = -2.41, p = 0.02, d = 0.36), and Sense of Control (t = -2.48, p = 0.02, d = 0.47), and decreased Music Performance Anxiety (t = 2.64, p = 0.01, d = 0.24), and self-consciousness (t = -3.66, p = 0.00, d = 0.70) of the participants in the EG but not CG. The changes in the EG after the program showed the inverse relationship between Flow and Anxiety. Two important theoretical factors of both variables (especially in situations of performance and public exposure), such as worry and the feeling of lack of control, could be involved. The results are under discussion and future lines of research are proposed.

Work Climate Scale in Emergency Services: Abridged Version.

This study is based on a 40-item work climate scale in hospital emergency services (WCSHES). Teams working in these emergency services experience a heavy workload and have a limited amount of time with each patient. COVID-19 has further complicated these existing issues. Therefore, we believed it would be helpful to draft an abridged version of the 40-item WCSHES, considering both validity and reliability criteria, but giving greater weight to validity. One hundred and twenty-six workers between the ages of 20 to 64 (M = 32.45; standard deviation (SD = 9.73)) years old participated voluntarily in the study. The validity, reliability, and fit model were evaluated in an iterative process. The confirmatory factor analysis yielded appropriate global fit indices in the abridged 24-item version (Χ2(248) = 367.84; p < 0.01, RMSEA = 0.06 with an interval of 90% from 0.05 to 0.07, SRMR = 0.08, GFI = 0.9, AGFI = 0.96, CFI = 0.98, NFI = 0.95, and NNFI = 0.98), along with test criteria validity (ρXY = 0.68, p < 0.001) and excellent reliability (α = 0.94 and ω = 0.94), maintaining the same conceptualization and usefulness of the original scale. The abridged 24-item version was used to measure four work climate factors (work satisfaction, productivity/achievement of aims, interpersonal relations, and performance at work). Evidence of the usefulness of the new abridged scale is provided along with a description of our study limitations and future areas for development.

Validation of the Bar-On EQ-i: YV (S) Inventory in Its Spanish Version: Gender-Based Invariance Analysis.

The purpose of this work is to verify the factorial structure and analyze the reliability of the Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-i): Youth Version (YV) (S) by evaluating emotional intelligence in a more extensive sample of Spanish adolescents than has been used to date, since this inventory has been employed in various studies but with a very limited number of participants. For this study, 5292 adolescents from all over Spain participated-male (51.2%) and female (48.8%) secondary education students between 11 and 19 years old, with an average age of 14.33. Data analysis included a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), reliability analysis, and model invariance as a function of gender. The CFA confirms that the data empirically support the theoretical model and that the goodness-of-fit indexes are adequate. The reliability analysis of the inventory presents a Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the total scale of 0.76, and reliability indexes for each of the factors range between 0.63 and 0.80. The findings show that the model indicates invariance related to gender.

Children's Temperament: A Bridge between Mothers' Parenting and Aggression.

Childhood aggression is important to acknowledge due to its social impact and importance in predicting future problems. The temperament of a child and parental socialization have been essential in explaining behavioral problems, particularly in the case of childhood aggression. The aim of this study is to examine-from the parents' perspective-the role of childhood temperament in the dynamic by which mothers' reactions socialize their children's aggression. We also explore how children's gender and age differences affect these relationships. The sample was composed of 904 participants between 1 and 6 years old. The Early Childhood Behavior Questionnaire and the Children's Behavior Questionnaire were used to evaluate children's negative affect and effortful control. The Parent-Child Relationship Inventory Maternal was used to assess maternal communication and discipline, and child aggression was assessed using the Children's Behavior Checklist. The results supported the mediating role of temperament in the processes by which perceived mothers' reactions socialize their children's aggression and suggested that maternal behaviors may not have the same consequences for girls and boys. Specifically, the aggressiveness of girls is dependent on a negative affect throughout toddlerhood and early childhood, while for boys, the duration of the negative affect's contribution is shorter, and aggressiveness is more sensitive to the maternal behaviors of discipline and communication.

Correction: Adaptation to Spanish and psychometric study of the Flow State Scale-2 in the field of musical performers.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231054.].

Adaptation to Spanish and psychometric study of the Flow State Scale-2 in the field of musical performers.

Flow is a positive and optimal state of mind, during which people are highly motivated and absorbed in the activity they are doing. It is an experience that can occur in any area of life. One of the measurement instruments which is most commonly used to evaluate this construct is the Flow State Scale-2 (FSS-2). This instrument has been used in different languages, mainly in the field of sport. In this research work, the FSS-2 has been translated into Spanish and administered to 486 musicians from different regions of Spain in order to examine the psychometric properties. A version which uses six dimensions from the original questionnaire has been used-those that constitute the experience of flow-and four alternative models have been analysed (Six related factors model, two second order factor models and a bifactor model).The results revealed that the dimension time could be controversial and more research could be needed. In general terms, the six-factor model (RMSEA = .04; GFI = .99; AGFI = .99) and a second-factor one (RMSEA = .033; GFI = .99; AGFI = .99) are solutions consistent with previous studies and show that the questionnaire can be considered a reliable (Alphas of the dimensions range from .81 to .94; Omegas from .86 to .97; and mean discrimination of the dimensions from .64 to .88) and useful tool, both in clinical and educational contexts, as well as an instrument for the evaluation of this construct in future research. However, the results of this study also suggest that flow can be explored in greater depth in musicians, taking into account that the writing of the original items was based on the experience of athletes and that the role of time in flow needs to be investigated.

Parental acceptance and children's psychological adjustment: The moderating effects of interpersonal power and prestige across age.

The differential contribution of maternal and paternal acceptance-rejection to children's psychological adjustment has been explained by differences in interpersonal power and prestige within families; however, there is not yet enough empirical support for this explanation. This study examines the moderating effects of interpersonal power and prestige on the relationship between perceived parental acceptance-rejection and psychological adjustment across children's sex and age. The sample was composed of 913 children ranging in age from 9 to 16 years. Multiple hierarchical regression analyses in the total sample showed a significant and independent contribution of parental acceptance-rejection and parental power and prestige. No moderating effects of interpersonal power and prestige were found for the total sample. However, when the regression analyses were conducted across different age groups, maternal acceptance had a higher contribution to psychological adjustment in children from nine to ten years old. Interestingly, the moderating effects of interpersonal prestige (not interpersonal power) were also significant in younger participants. Furthermore, the moderating effects of prestige on maternal acceptance-rejection were different in late childhood than in early adolescence. These results suggest how parental prestige may explain the higher contribution of maternal acceptance to younger children's psychological adjustment.

Actividad física extraescolar, autoconcepto físico, orientaciones de meta y rendimiento académico / Extracurricular physical activity, physical self-concept, goal orientations and academic performance / Atividade física extracurricular, autoconceito físico, orientações para metas e desempenho académico

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las relaciones que se dan entre las diferentes dimensiones del autoconcepto físico, las orientaciones de meta, la práctica de actividad física extraescolar y el rendimiento académico, y valorar la capacidad predictiva de esas dimensiones sobre el rendimiento académico (general y en la asignatura de Educación Física). Se planteó un modelo predictivo explicativo del rendimiento académico. Participaron 812 estudiantes (53.9 % chicos y 46.1 % chicas) de Primaria y ESO de la Comunidad Valenciana que responden al Cuestionario de Actividad Física, al Cuestionario de Orientación al Ego y a la Tarea en el Deporte y al Cuestionario de Autoconcepto Físico. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos, correlacionales, de regresión lineal múltiple y de vías. Se concluye que la práctica de actividad física extraescolar no parece relacionarse con el rendimiento académico, que las diversas dimensiones del autoconcepto físico correlacionan con el rendimiento académico en el área de Educación Física pero no con el rendimiento medio, que el poder predictivo de las variables predictoras del rendimiento académico es bajo y que el modelo planteado ajusta razonablemente a los datos

The aim of the present study was to analyze the relationships between the different dimensions of physical self-concept, goal orientations, the practice of extracurricular physical activity and academic performance, and to assess the predictive capacity of these dimensions on academic performance (general and in the subject of Physical Education). An explanatory predictive model of academic performance was proposed. 812 primary and secondary students (53.9 % boys and 46.1 % girls) from the Valencian Community participated in the study by answering to the Physical Activity Questionnaire, to the Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire and to the Questionnaire of Physical Self-concept. Descriptive, correlational, multiple linear regression and pathway analyzes were performed. It is concluded that the practice of physical activity out of school does not seem to relate to academic performance, that the various dimensions of physical self-concept correlate with academic performance in the area of Physical Education but not with the general academic performance, that the predictive power of the predictor variables of academic performance is low and that the proposed model fits the data reasonably

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as relações existentes entre as diferentes dimensões das orientações auto-objetivo físicos, a prática de atividade física formal e desempenho acadêmico, e avaliar o poder preditivo destas dimensões no desempenho acadêmico (geral e no tema da Educação Física). Um modelo preditivo explicativo do desempenho académico foi proposto. 812 alunos participaram (53,9% meninos e 46,1% meninas) primário e ESO de Valência que respondem a Physical Activity Questionnaire, a orientação ego Questionário e tarefas no Sport and Physical Self Questionnaire. Foram realizadas análises descritivas, correlacionais, de regressão linear múltipla e de via. Conclui-se que a prática de atividade física extracurricular parece estar relacionado com o desempenho acadêmico, as várias dimensões do ser físico correlacionadas com o desempenho acadêmico na área da educação física, mas não com o rendimento médio, o poder preditivo de variáveis preditivas O desempenho acadêmico é baixo e o modelo proposto se ajusta razoavelmente aos dados

Facetas de la "Escala de depresión del Centro de Estudios Epidemiológicos para niños y adolescentes" (CES-DC) en españoles: validación empírica / Facets of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children and Adolescents (CES-DC) in Spanish population: An empirical validation

El presente estudio explora la dimensionalidad de la "Escala de depresión del Centro de Estudios Epidemiológicos para niños y adolescentes" (CES-DC; Radloff, 1977, 1991) en una muestra de 986 niños y adolescentes españoles (55% chicas) con edades entre los 9 y 18 anos. Se realizo un análisis factorial confirmatorio para un modelo de cuatro factores de primer orden basado en la estructura original (Afecto depresivo, Somatización, Afecto positivo y Problemas interpersonales), así como para otro modelo alternativo de segundo orden que agrega los factores previos. Se examinaron las propiedades psicométricas por items, por dimensiones y para la escala total. También se valoro la validez de criterio con diferentes variables que teóricamente se relacionan con la sintomatología depresiva. Los resultados muestran que los modelos explorados son adecuados para la población infantojuvenil española con pruebas de validez de criterio y propiedades psicométricas satisfactorias. Se discute el potencial discriminativo y las cualidades de la escala para la evaluación de la sintomatología depresiva en niños y adolescentes

The present study explores the dimensionality of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children and Adolescents (CES-DC; Radloff, 1977, 1991) in a sample of 986 Spanish children and adolescents (55% girls) between 9 and 18 years old. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed for a first order 4-factor model based on the original structure (Depressed affect, Somatic, Positive affect, and Interpersonal difficulties) and for another alternative model of second order which includes the previous factors. We examined the psychometric properties by items, by dimensions and for the total scale. The criterion validity was also evaluated with different variables which are theoretically related to the depressive symptomatology. The results show that the tested models are adequate for Spanish children and adolescents. Furthermore, evidence of criterion validity and psychometric properties were satisfactory. The potential discriminant validity and quality of the scale to assess the children's depressive symptoms are discussed

The relationships between father involvement and parental acceptance on the psychological adjustment of children and adolescents: The moderating effects of clinical status.

This study analyzes how a child's clinical condition modifies the relationship of father involvement, parental (fathers and mothers) acceptance and the child´s psychological adjustment, including the internalizing and externalizing problems. The cohort studied was composed of 226 subjects (61.94% males) with a mean age of 14.08 years, of which 113 children were from an incidental clinical sample and 113 from the general population. Both groups were matched by sex, age and family status, and the data show that the same structure of parent-child relationships that predict the child´s psychological adjustment can be accepted for both the clinical and non-clinical groups of children. However, the intensity of the relationships between the variables father involvement, parental acceptance and the child´s outcomes differed in function of the child's clinical status. Specifically, in the clinically-referred sample compared to non-clinical sample father involvement had a stronger effect on the children´s internalizing (but not the externalizing) problems and on their global psychological adjustment via their perceived maternal acceptance. The role of father involvement in the family relationships of clinical children is discussed. This study provides important evidence to support the need for enhanced paternal participation in the intervention programs for families.

Estimating Response Time in Spatial Frequency Band Experiments involving Visual Perception / Estimación del tiempo de respuesta en los experimentos de banda de frecuencia espacial que implican percepción visual

ABSTRACT The present study aimed to determine the optimum response time (RT) needed to identify images of everyday objects when filtered using different spatial frequency bands. Subjects were randomly presented with different images of familiar objects that were both serialized and progressive in their spatial frequencies. The time needed to recognize them was then measured. The results showed that the optimum RT for identifying an image filtered in different spatial frequency bands was approximately 2000 ms of exposure. Specifically, stimuli presented using spatial frequency bands with Gaussian filters of variance V26-V32, which were familiar and of medium size to the viewer, were recognized in a mean time of 2126 ms.

RESUMEN El presente estudio tiene como objetivo determinar el tiempo de respuesta óptimo (RT) necesario para identificar imágenes de objetos cotidianos cuando se filtran utilizando diferentes bandas de frecuencias espaciales. A los sujetos se les presentaba aleatoriamente diferentes imágenes de objetos familiares cuyas bandas de frecuencia eran progresivamente serializadas. Se midió el tiempo necesario para reconocerlos. Los resultados mostraron que la RT óptima para identificar una imagen filtrada en diferentes bandas de frecuencias espaciales fue de aproximadamente 2000 ms de exposición. En concreto, los estímulos presentados utilizando bandas de frecuencias espaciales con filtros gaussianos de varianza V26-V32, que eran familiares y de tamaño medio para el espectador, se reconocieron en un tiempo medio de 2126 ms.

Diferencias de metas deportivas entre estudiantes de educación física y deportistas: análisis de la invarianza del modelo entre ellos / Differences of Sport Goals between Students of Physical Education and Sportsmen: Analysis of the Invariance of Model among them

El objetivo de este estudio es averiguar si hay diferencias en las metas deportivas en función de que la actividad física se realice en contextos escolares o de competiciones deportivas. Participan 574 estudiantes de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria, entre los 11 y 17 años, y 511 deportistas, entre los 16 y 45 años, quienes responden al Cuestionario de Orientación a la Tarea y al Ego en el Deporte. Los resultados permiten confirmar el modelo teórico y muestran que, tanto en las orientaciones de meta a la tarea y al ego, las puntuaciones medias resultan más elevadas en el caso de los deportistas. Mediante análisis factorial confirmatorio multigrupo se encuentran algunas diferencias relevantes que son discutidas.

The purpose of this study is to determine if there are differences in the function of sports goals whether the physical activity is done in school settings or competitions. Five hundred and seventy-four students of Obligatory Secondary Education took part on this study, aged between 11 and 17, and 511 athletes, aged between 16 and 45 years, who answer to the Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire. The results confirm the theoretical model and show that the average scores are higher in the case of athletes, in both cases goal orientations to the task and ego. Through a confirmatory multi group factorial analysis some relevant differences are found that have been discussed.

Inventario de Pensamientos Distorsionados sobre la Mujer y el Uso de la Violencia - Revisado (IPDMUV-R): Propiedades psicométricas / Inventory of Distorted Thoughts about Women and the Use of Violence-Revised (IPDMUV-R): Psychometric properties

Los hombres violentos contra la pareja muestran numerosos sesgos cognitivos relacionados con los roles de género y la legitimación de la violencia. Los objetivos de esta investigación fueron analizar las propiedades psicométricas del Inventario de Pensamientos Distorsionados sobre la Mujer y el Uso de la Violencia-Revisado (IPDMUV-R), depurar sus ítems y comparar la capacidad de predicción de esta versión revisada con otras medidas de su red nomológica. La muestra constó de 463 hombres -241 maltratadores y 222 hombres de la población normativa-, con una edad media de 41.22 años (DT=11.34). Los resultados mostraron índices de ajuste aceptables para una estructura unidimensional del IPDMUV-R (nueva versión de 21 ítems), con un alfa de .74 (superior a la versión inicial de 29 ítems). La puntuación total del IPDMUV-R mostró correlaciones estadísticamente significativas con autoinformes que miden deseabilidad social y sexismo ambivalente. Al analizar los puntos de corte para diferenciar entre agresores y grupo normativo, se observó una mayor capacidad discriminativa del IPDMUV-R en comparación con el IPDMUV y las dimensiones de sexismo hostil y benévolo. En conclusión, se presenta un instrumento con adecuadas propiedades psicométricas que permite detectar sesgos cognitivos en hombres maltratadores y que es de utilidad para el ámbito clínico

Men who batter are often affected by cognitive distortions related to gender roles and the legitimization of violence as a valid way to solve conflicts. The objectives of this research were: to analyze the psychometric properties of the Inventory of Distorted Thoughts about Women and the Use of Violence-Revised (IPDMUV-R), to delete non-updated items and to compare the predictive ability of the revised version (IPDMUV-R) with other measures of the nomological network. The sample consisted of 463 men (241 batterer men and 222 men of the normative population), with a mean age of 41.22 years (SD=11.34). The results showed acceptable fit indices for a unidimensional structure of IPDMUV-R (new version of 21 items) with an alpha of .74 (higher than the original version of 29 items). The score of IPDMUV-R showed statistically significant correlations with self-reports which measure social desirability and ambivalent sexism. When analyzing the cutoff points to differentiate between batterer men and the normative group, the IPDMUV-R had a higher discriminative ability compared to IPDMUV and hostile and benevolent sexism dimensions. To conclude, an instrument with adequate psychometric properties to detect cognitive biases in violent men against the partner is presented. This instrument is useful for clinical purposes

Escala de Gravedad de Síntomas Revisada (EGS-R) del trastorno de estrés postraumático según el DSM-5: propiedades psicométricas / Posttraumatic stress disorder symptom Severity Scale-Revised (EGS-R) according to DSM-5 criteria: psychometric properties

La escala de gravedad de síntomas Revisada del trastorno de estrés postraumático (TEPT) es una entrevista estructurada que consta de 21 ítems, basada en los criterios diagnósticos del DSM-5, y sirve para evaluar la gravedad de los síntomas de este cuadro clínico. En este trabajo se describen las propiedades psicométricas de este instrumento. la muestra contó con 526 víctimas de agresiones sexuales o de violencia familiar y con una muestra normativa de 193 participantes. El instrumento global mostró una alta consistencia interna (α = .91), así como una buena validez discriminante (g = 1.27) y convergente (rbp = .78 con el diagnóstico). Los resultados del análisis factorial confirmatorio apoyan los cuatro núcleos de síntomas del DSM-5. Un punto de corte de 20, con una eficacia diagnóstica del 82.48%, es apropiada para discriminar a las víctimas con un TEPT. Esta escala resulta útil para planificar el tratamiento y las investigaciones clínicas.

the posttraumatic stress Disorder (ptsD) symptom severity scale-revised is a 21-item structured interview based in DSM-5 criteria and intended to assess the severity of the symptoms of this mental disorder. This paper describes the psychometric properties of this instrument for assessing PTSD. The sample consisted of 526 patients who had been victims of sexual aggression or family violence and 193 people from the general population. The global instrument showed high internal consistency (α = .91), as well as good discriminant (g = 1.27) and concurrent validity (rpb = .78 with diagnosis of PTSD). The results of confirmatory factor analysis are presented and give support to the DSM-5 four symptom clusters. a cut-off point of 20, with a diagnostic efficacy of 82.48%, is appropriate to discriminate the victims with PTSD. The interview appears to be a sound instrument and should prove useful for treatment planning and research.

Confiabilidad y validez de la Escala de Déficit Atencional (EDAH) adaptada en estudiantes chilenos / Reliability and validity of the adapted Scale of Attentional Deficit (EDAH) in Chilean students

ANTECEDENTES:Las necesidades de atención en salud mental infantil hacen necesario contar con estudios epidemiológicos que sirvan de base para perfeccionar las intervenciones y acrecentar el diagnóstico, con instrumentos fiables y adecuados al contexto.OBJETIVO: El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala para la Evaluación del Trastorno por Déficit Atencional (EDAH), en escolares de primaria y secundaria de Chile.MÉTODO: Se evaluó una muestra de 508 alumnos (144 con Déficit Atencional, 110 con sospecha de padecerlo y 254 comunes) mediante un test completado por sus profesores.RESULTADOS: La estructura factorial de la EDAH reveló tres factores que en conjunto explican el 71,61% de la varianza total de la escala, con un coeficiente Alfa de 0,948. Esto permite concluir que la adaptación de la escala presenta características psicométricas aceptables, una adecuada consistencia interna y que sus elementos poseen un adecuado poder discriminatorio.DISCUSIÓN Y CONCLUSIÓN: Se efectuó el estudio transversal de salud mental en escolares chilenos, el cual reveló que la escala EDAH adaptada posee alta capacidad de discriminación, adecuada fiabilidad de elementos y factores, además de presentar un óptimo poder discriminante entre factores. Se analizan las implicaciones y el posible aporte en la detección precoz del diagnóstico clínico en salud mental.

BACKGROUND: The needs of children's mental health care make it necessary to have epidemiological studies that serve as a basis to refine the interventions and enhance the diagnosis with reliable and appropriate tools.OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the scale for the assessment of the Attentional Deficit Disorder (ADHD) in primary and secondary schools in Chile.METHOD: A sample of 508 students (144 with Attentional deficits, 110 with suspected autism and 254 common) was assessed through a test completed by their teachers.RESULTS: The factorial structure of the ADHD revealed that three factors explain together the 71.61 % of the total variance of the scale, with a coefficient alpha of 0,948. This allows us to conclude that the scale presents acceptable psychometric characteristics and adequate internal consistency, and that its elements have a suitable discriminatory power.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIÓN: The present study of mental health in Chilean schoolchildren revealed that the ADHD adapted scale possesses a high discriminant capacity and adequate elements and factors reliability, as well as an optimal discriminant power among factors. We analyze the implications and possible contribution to the early detection of clinical diagnosis in mental health.

Estructura factorial de la Escala de Balance Afectivo en población normativa / Factorial Structure of the Affect Balance Scale in a normative population

Se analiza la dimensionalidad y propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Balance Afectivo (Warr, Barter y Brownbridge, 1983), comparando dos versiones (original vs. propuesta por Godoy-Izquierdo, Martínez y Godoy, 2008) y el posible efecto del método considerando el enunciado de algunos ítems. Participaron 600 personas de la población normativa (edades entre 18 y 58 años). Aunque las dos versiones presentaron índices de bondad de ajuste aceptables y similares, la versión propuesta mostró mayor fiabilidad y capacidad discriminativa. También se observó un buen ajuste para una estructura factorial de segundo orden (balance afectivo) con dos factores de primer orden (afecto positivo y negativo). Aunque solo se encontró efecto del método para los ítems de la dimensión de afecto positivo, se recomienda utilizar la versión propuesta eliminando el término "muy" del enunciado de los ítems que lo contienen

This study analyses the dimensionality and psychometric properties of the Affective Balance Scale by comparing two versions, the original by Warr, Barter, and Brownbridge (1983) and the proposed by GodoyIzquierdo, Martínez, and Godoy (2008), and examines the effect of some items’ wording on the possible outcome. Six-hundred people between the ages of 18 and 58 from the normative population participated in the study. Even though the two versions of the scale present an acceptable and similar goodness of fit index (GFI), the proposed version demonstrated greater reliability and better mean discrimination. The research also found a good adjustment for the second order factor structure (affective balance) with two first order factors (negative and positive affect). Even though the findings only indicated an effect on the items with a positive affect dimension, it is our recommendation that users of the scale adopt the proposed version and refrain from using "very" as item qualifier