Effect of sirolimus on erythropoiesis of K562 cell line and patients with pure red cell aplasia in vitro / 中华血液学杂志

Objective: To understand the effect of sirolimus on the erythropoiesis of K562 cell line and bone marrow cells from pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) patients and normal controls. Methods: Different concentrations (10, 100, 1 000 nmol/L) of sirolimus were added to the K562 cell line or bone marrow cells from PRCA patients or normal controls and cultured 14 days for BFU-E formation. Meanwhile, sirolimus was also added to the serum treated PRCA bone marrow cells to cultivate for the same priod of time. Results: Neither K562 cells, bone marrow cells from PRCA patients or normal controls showed any difference when sirolimus was added to the culture system for BFU-E. However, BFU-E formation decreased after serum was added in PRCA patients (76.40±22.48 vs 136.33±12.58, t=-4.329, P=0.001) and this suppression of BFU-E was partly corrected by 1 000 nmol/L sirolimus treatment (97.14±15.83 vs 76.40±22.48, P=0.038). Conclusions: Sirolimus may modulate the suppression of erythropoiesis by serum instead of directly stimulate the growth of red blood cells in PRCA patients.

Efficacy Comparison of Different Salvage Treatment Regimens for Patients with Refractory/Relapsed Acute Myeloid Leukemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the efficacy and safety of 3 different regimens, namely MAC, FLAG and CAG, as the re-induction chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia(AML) patients with primary induction failure and relapse.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 156 AML patients with primary induction failure and relapse, except patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia(APL), treated with any of the above 3 regimens in our center from January 2008 to April 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. According to the treatment regimens, 156 patients were divided into MAC group (n=60), FLAG group (n=45) and CAG group (n=51). The complete remission(CR), partial remissison(PR), overall survival(OS), disease-free survival(DFS) and adverse events during the treatment were analyzed, so as to compare and evaluate the efficacy and safety of the 3 different regimens.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After 1 course of re-induction chemotherapy, CR in MAC group was significantly higher than that in FLAG and CAG group (55.4% vs 34.1% vs 34.0%)(P<0.05). The OS was not statistically significantly different among 3 groups (P>0.05) with a median OS of 11 months, 5.46 months and 10.2 months, respectively. The myelosuppression was the main adverse event with no significant difference among the groups(P>0.05). More patients treated with MAC regimen underwent febrile neutropenia (93.3% vs 86.7% vs 64.7%)(P<0.001). However, the incidence of fatal infections was not signicantly different among 3 groups(5% vs 8.9% vs 5.9%)(P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compared with FLAG and CAG regimen, the MAC regimen can enable more AML patients with primary induction failure and refractory to achieve CR without increasing severe adverse events,therefore,this regimen may provide a opportunity for patients to recieve hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.</p>

Preliminary Clinical Efficiency of Autologous Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells for Treating Critical Limb Ischemia of Thromboangiitis Obliterans / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the long-term clinical effect of autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PB-MNC) on critical limb ischemia (CLI) in patients with thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO) patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 22 patients with CLI caused by TAO from July 2004 to May 2013 were analyzed retrospectively, 22 patients were divided into 2 groups; out of them 12 cases in one group were treated with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-mobilized autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (auto-PBMNC group), 10 cases in another group received conservative treatment (CT group). The log-rank test was used to compare the long-term outcomes in auto-PBMNC group and CT group.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The wound healing rate (P=0.016) and CLI-free rate (P=0.013) were significantly higher in PB-MNC group compared with that in CT group. No difference was found in amputation rates between the 2 groups (major amputation: P=0.361, minor and major amputation: P=0.867). No patients died or no serious adverse events occurred during the follow-up period.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The auto-PBMNC therapy can significantly promote the wound healing, and protect against CLI in TAO patients, but the risk of amputation is not low in comparison with conservative treatment.</p>

Testin on Atherosclerosis in Rabbits / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The expression of TES, a novel tumor suppressor gene, is found to be down-regulated in the left anterior descending aorta of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) compared with non-CAD subjects. This study aimed to investigate the expression of TES during the development of atherosclerosis in rabbits.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-two New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into a normal diet (ND) and high-fat diet (HFD) groups. Body weight and serum lipid levels were measured at 0, 4, and 12 weeks after diet treatment. The degree of atherosclerosis in thoracic aortas was analyzed by histological examinations. The expression of Testin in the tissue samples was inspected via immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence confocal microscopy. Real time-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis were performed to evaluate the expression of TES/Testin at mRNA and protein levels in the aortic tissues.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After 12 weeks postenrollment, rabbits in HFD group had a higher level of serum lipids and atherosclerotic plaque compared to ND group (P < 0.05). Testin expression was detected at high levels in the endothelium and a weak expression on the subendothelium area. The expression of TES mRNA was markedly reduced by 10-fold in the aortic tissues in the HFD group compared with the ND group (P = 0.015), and the protein level was also significantly decreased in the HFD group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Reduced TES/Testin expression is associated with the development of atherosclerosis, implicating a potentially important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.</p>

Serum GP73 were increased in patients with fatty liver disease / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the levels of serum GP73 in patients with fatty liver disease.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The sera GP73 were determined by ELISA in 178 patients with fatty liver disease and 100 healthy controls.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Serum GP73 levels were significantly increased in patients with various fatty liver diseases(70.62 +/- 60.60 ng/ml), compared with those of control population (35.61 +/- 12.22 ng/ml). In patients with alcoholic fatty liver disease, acute liver injury, chronic hepatitis B, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, their serum GP73 concentration were 81.86 +/- 47.82 ng/ml, 82.77 +/- 77.73 ng/ml, 63.84 +/- 50.62 ng/ml, and 65.75 +/- 62.20 ng/ml, respectively. But no significant difference was found between these groups (P > 0.05). In 68 patients with F > or = 1.0 (71.46 +/- 66.48 ng/ml), 75 patients with F> or = 2.0 (69.58 +/- 62.31 ng/ml), and 34 patients with F3-F4 (71.65 +/- 43.89 ng/ml), there were also no marked differences was observed between these fatty groups (F = 0.02, P = 0.98).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Serum GP73 levels were increased in patients with different liver diseases, but its concentrations were seems not related with degree of fatty injury.</p>

Effects and mechanisms of actions of Chinese herbal medicines for asthma.

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of airways that affects approximately 300 million adults and children worldwide. Most therapy currently uses bronchodilators and corticosteroids. Systemic side effects from chronic use of these drugs are concern. Chinese medicine (CM) has a long history of human use in China and other Asian countries and well received by the patients. But as one component of Western integrative medicine (WIM), it is required that CM use is supported by scientific evidence. On the other hand, there are also suggestions that Western standardized medicine should consider personalized practice. In recent years there have been an increasing studies to narrow the gap between CM, the personalized medicine and Western medicine, evidence based medicine. This communication reviews several CM studies published in the English language in details by reviewing the effects and mechanisms of actions on asthma from clinic and experimental studies.Chinese herbal medicines exhibit broad actions on multiple asthma pathologic mechanisms. These mechanisms may involve antiinflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, inhibiting airway remodeling and normalization of hypothalamus, pituitary and adrenal (HPA)-axis disturbances. However, the mechanisms of actions of Chinese herbal medicines for asthma are not fully understood. More controlled clinical studies are warranted and some anti-asthma CM may be proved to be effective when used as monotherapy or complementary asthma therapies.

Genetic variation of the 8-kDa glycoprotein family from Echinococcus granulosus, Taenia multiceps and Taenia hydatigena / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Echinococcosis, coenurosis and cysticercosis are debilitating diseases which prevail in China. Immunological diagnosis of metacestodosis is important in disease control. The 8-kDa glycoproteins from taeniid cestodes have successfully been used for diagnosis of human cysticercosis in immunological assays. The aim of the present study was to investigate genetic variations and phylogenetic relationships of the 8-kDa proteins for evaluating the possibility of utilizing these proteins as diagnostic antigens for other metacestode infections.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The genes and complementary DNAs (cDNAs) encoding the 8-kDa proteins from Echinococcus (E.) granulosus, Taenia (T.) multiceps and T. hydatigena were amplified using PCR method. Their amplicons were cloned into the vector pMD18 and the positive clones were sequenced. Sequence data were analyzed with the SeqMan program, and sequence homology searches were performed using the BLAST program. Alignments were conducted using the ClustalX program, and the phylogenetic analyses were performed with the Protein Sequences Program and the Puzzle Program using the Neighbor-joining method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Fifteen, 18 and 22 different genomic DNA sequences were identified as members of the 8-kDa protein gene family from E. granulosus, T. multiceps and T. hydatigena, respectively. Eight, four and six different cDNA clones respectively from E. granulosus, T. multiceps and T. hydatigena were characterized. Analysis of these sequences revealed 54 unique 8-kDa protein sequences. Phylogenetic trees demonstrated that the taeniid 8-kDa proteins are clustered into eight clades at least: Ts18, Ts14, TsRS1, TsRS2, T8kDa-1, T8kDa-2, T8kDa-3 and T8kDa-4.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>We found that the gene family encoding for the taeniid 8-kDa antigens is comprised of many members with high diversity, which will provide molecular evidence for cross-reaction or specific reaction among metacestode infections and may contribute to the development of promising immunological methods for diagnosis of metacestodosis.</p>

Investigation on long-term survival of transplanted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in infarcted myocardium of rats / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the quantification and distribution of survival transplanted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in infarcted myocardium of rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>BMSCs of male SD rats were isolated, purified and proliferated. Female SD rats were subjected to occlusion of left anterior descending artery, 1.2 × 10(6) BMSCs were injected into the centre zone of the infarct region 1 h after left anterior descending artery occlusion. Myocardial tissue was harvested randomly at 1, 3 and 6 (n = 18) weeks after transplantation. Transplanted cells were labeled with Hoechst33342 (n = 5) and Brdu (n = 5). Sry sequence of Y chromatosome in male rat was analyzed by real-time PCR in the tissue (n = 8).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>FACS analysis showed that BMSCs expressed homogenous with CD44+/CD34-. Hoechst33342 or Brdu labeled positive cells were found in localized accumulation and some of them migrated to the margin of the infarct region, and vessel-like structure could be observed in the host hearts. The real-time PCR demonstrated that the survival rates of engrafted BMSCs were 7.88%, 7.82% and 8.73% respectively at 1, 3 and 6 weeks after transplantation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>BMSCs could survive in the host infarcted myocardium for more than one month and the survival rate was around 8% from the first week to the sixth week after transplantation.</p>

[Transbronchoscopic balloon detection and selective bronchial occlusion for intractable pneumothorax].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect, complications and safety of transbronchoscopic balloon detection (TBD) and selective bronchus occlusion (SBO) for intractable pneumothorax. METHODS: Forty cases of pneumothorax from 5 teaching hospitals in Fujian province were included for this study. TBD was performed in all the 40 cases for whom chest tube drainage had lasted for more than 7days but failed to close the pleura fistulae. Bronchi leading to pleura fistulae (the target bronchus) were detected by balloon-catheter (Olympus B7-2C) through bronchoscope. After the target bronchus was located, SBO procedures were performed. Autologous blood (20 ml to 30 ml) was injected into the target bronchus and followed by thrombin solution (1000 U) through balloon-catheter. In 10 cases, oxygenation and pulse rate were recorded by pulse-oximeter (Healthdyne 920M) during TBD and SBO. Another 10 cases undergoing bronchoscope without performing TBD and SBO served as the controls. Thorax CT, white blood cell count, neutrophil count and body temperature were measured after SBO. RESULTS: Bronchi leading to pleura fistulae were located by TBD in 34 out of the 40 cases. Air leakage was stopped after the first occlusion in 30 cases, but 5 of which underwent a second occlusion because of recurrence in 72 h. Of the 5 cases, air leakage was stopped in 3, and surgery was required in 2. Taken together, 28 of the 34 cases were cured by SBO and 6 failed. There were no statistically differences between the treatment group and the control group in oxygenation changes during TBD and SBO procedures. In 10 cases thorax CT scan was followed up in 7 days after SBO, and no obstructive atelectasis was found. In 20 cases peripheral white blood cell count was followed up 72 hours after SBO. Leukocytosis (> 10.0 x 10(9)/L) was found in 3, in which pulmonary infection was diagnosed, and leukocytosis was present in 2 cases before the procedure. Five patients (5/34) experienced mild to moderate fever, which resolved quickly. CONCLUSION: TBD/SBO are safe and effective procedures for intractable pneumothorax.

[Effect of Yufeining on induced sputum interleukin-8 in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at the stable phase].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of Yufeining, a traditional Chinese medicine, on induced sputum interleukin-8 (IL-8) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) at the stable phase. METHODS: Thirty-six patients with COPD were divided into trial group (18 cases) and control group (18 cases) randomly. The trial group was treated with Yufeining pills taken orally for half a year; the control group was not given any medicine. Routine lung function was recorded before and after treatment. Total cell count (TCC), differential cell counts (DCCs) and IL-8 in induced sputum were determined at the baseline and 6 months later. RESULTS: The indices of lung function improved significantly after 6 months' treatment in trial group (P < 0.05); TCC and absolute neutrophil count decreased significantly compared with baseline in the trial group (P < 0.05); Sputum IL-8 concentration dropped significantly after 6 months' treatment, from a mean of 5.216 +/- 2.914 microg/L to 4.222 +/- 2.140 microg/L (P < 0.05). There were insignificant changes in the parameters in the control group between baseline and 6 months later. CONCLUSION: Yufeining could improve lung function, decrease sputum TCC, absolute neutrophil count and IL-8 concentration, and relieve airway inflammation in patients with COPD in the stable phase.

Rapid Species Identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by rpoB Gene Micro Array / 微生物学通报

Rapid species identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by rpoB gene micro array.Based on the gene micro array of rpoB,the standard strains of 21 mycobacteria and 8 non-mycobacteria,126 clinical isolated of mycobacteria were detected by PCR-reverse dot blot hybridization assay.360bp DNA fragment was amplified from all mycobacteria tested and was not found in all nonmycobacteria except Hemolytic streptococcus and Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum.The result of specimens were detected by the probe which is composed of 21 oligonucleotide was that probe-Mycobacterium fortuitum cross hybridizated with Mycobacterium platypoecilus while the other probes were specific.The 89 strains of the all 126 strains isolated from clinical specimens were identified to be mycobacterium tuberculosis,the percentage was 70.6%(89/126),while the other 9 strains were identified to be unmycobacterium tuberculosis and the the percentage was 9.2%(9/98).Identification of Mycobacteria by rpoB gene micro array is a rapid and effective method which is of considerable value in clinical territory.

THE DETECTION OF SARS ANTIBODY BY ELISA / 微生物学通报

To explore the clinical diagnosis methods of SARS virus infection, and analyze the value of ELISA by which the SARS-Ab was detected. The results show ed that the control group was negative, the positive detection rate was respective ly 2.7% and 92% before and after 12 days when the patients got the SARS in the t est group, and the total positive rate was 94.4%. But the detection rate was 3 1% among 29 suspected patients. In a word, the ELISA method was high specified. Th e detection rate was lower before 12 days and higher after 13 to 16 days when th e patients got the SARS.

RECOMMENDATION OF A KIND OF SYNTHETIC MEINTENANCE LIQUOR TO PRESERVE BACTERIUM LONG / 微生物学通报

This Synthetic Meintenance Liquor contains all kinds of nutritive substance that subsist the bacterium, and can preserve the bacterium for nearly ten years by providing energy needed by metabolism. It is a favorable culture medium to preserve bacterum long.

THE RESEARCH OF FOUR DRUG RESISYANCE GENE IN MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS / 微生物学通报

objective To study the reationship beween drug-resistance gene mutation and drug-resistance level in M. tuberculosis. Methods 108 M. tuberculosis clinical isolated strains from sputum specimens were analyzed by PCR-SSCP and traditional drug susceptibility tests. Results the gene mutation rate of SM, RFP, INH and EMBresistance climical isolated strains was 78.5%, 68.2%, 70.5% and 48.6% respectively, and the mutation rate of SM, RFP, INH and EMB high concentration resistance isolated strains was 86.5% , 89% , 84% and 48.6% respectively, but 28.5 % , 16.6% and 7.1% was the mutation rate of low concentration resistance strains. Conclusion The gene mutation was in relation with drug resistance level of M. tube rculosis. The gene mutation rate was hiher in high concentration resistance isolated strains than in low concentration resistane isolated strains.