Epidemiological aspects and prevalence study of nosocomial infections in a general hospital of specialties: retrospective analysis 2012-2017.

Nosocomial infections (NIs) currently represent one of the main health problems for both professionals and health authorities. These continue to cause high mortality, which has led to its study and the development of prevention measures to reduce the impact and minimise the incidence. OBJECTIVE: Analysis of the epidemiological aspects of NIs in a tertiary hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A5-year retrospective study in which NIs verified at admission, their prevalence, associated risk factors and their location were analysed and classified. The data were collected through cross sections for hospitalisation episodes, using standardised forms for them issued by the Spanish Society of Preventive Medicine and Public Health. RESULTS: 2905 episodes of hospitalised patients were analysed, where 52.94% were men. The NI acquired in the centre was the most prevalent of all registered, having registered in the last year 53 cases. The infections acquired in the study income remained stable throughout the study, although there was a slight decrease in the last two years. CONCLUSIONS: The multidisciplinary nature of the NIs allows to improve their approach, reducing the harmful effects on health.

Primeras experiencias de monitorización de vancomicina en un Hospital General de Especialidades / First experiences of monitoring of vancomycin in a General Hospital of Specialties

Introducción: vancomicina es un antibiótico eficaz para el tratamiento de infecciones por gérmenes grampositivos, sin embargo la toxicidad renal asociada a su uso, ha relegado su utilización a líneas secundarias de uso. Este hecho ha consolidado el tratamiento empírico con antibióticos más caros. Objetivo: analizar los datos de monitorización de vancomicina y valorar la eficiencia frente al uso de otros antibióticos. Método: estudio observacional donde se analiza la monitorización farmacocinética de vancomicina y la eficiencia de una Unidad de Farmacocinética Clínica, con una población de 137 pacientes ingresados en un hospital general de especialidades. Resultados: la utilización de vancomicina en primera intención, supuso un ahorro de 16.472,82 € respecto al uso de daptomicina y de 83.039,83 € respecto al de linezolid. No obstante, el 18% de nuestra muestra no pudo ser tratado con vancomicina, lo que hace necesario disponer de otros fármacos

Introduction: vancomycin is an effective antibiotic for the treatment of infections due to Gram-positive germs, however renal toxicity associated with its use, has relegated its use to use secondary lines. This fact has consolidated the empirical treatment with more expensive antibiotics. Objective: to analyze the data of monitoring of vancomycin and rating the efficiency facing the use of other antibiotics. Materials and methods: observational study where discusses monitoring pharmacokinetics of Vancomycin and a unit of pharmacokinetics clinical efficiency, with a population of 137 patients admitted to a general hospital specialties. Results: the use of Vancomycin in first intention meant a savings of € 16.472,82 regarding the use of € 83.039,83 the linezolid and daptomycin. However, 18% of our sample not could be treated with Vancomycin, making it necessary to have other drugs

Análisis y evaluación de resultados tras la implantación de un programa de prescripción electrónica asistida en un hospital de tercer nivel / Analysis and evaluation of results following the implementation of a programme of e-prescribing in a tertiary hospital

Introducción: la Prescripción Electrónica Asistida (PEA), constituye en la actualidad una herramienta útil en el proceso de hospitalización. La supresión de la prescripción y/o transcripción manuscrita, ha conseguido minimizar los errores relacionados con la medicación, mitigando la constante preocupación que supone la seguridad del paciente. Objetivo: analizar los datos de intervención farmacéutica registrados tras la implantación de un software de prescripción electrónica y la seguridad que confiere al usuario. Material y método: estudio retrospectivo de cinco meses de duración, en el que se revisaron las historias clínicas electrónicas de prescripción, describiendo los errores de medicación detectados y el número de intervenciones farmacéuticas realizadas. Resultados: sobre un total de 27.533 validaciones, fueron realizadas 4.917 intervenciones farmacéuticas (IF), lo que supone 32,78 errores de medicación/día y 0,95 errores/paciente

Introduction: the Electronically Assisted Prescription (EAP) is now a useful tool in the process of hospitalization. The removal of the prescription or transcript handwritten, has managed to minimize errors related to medication, mitigating the constant concern involving the safety of the patient. Objective: to analyze data pharmaceutical intervention reported following implementation of a software for e-prescribing and the security that gives the user. Materials and methods: retrospective study of five months duration, which reviewed the electronic medical records of prescription, describing medication errors that are detected and the number of pharmaceutical interventions carried out. Results: out of a total of 27.533 validations, were performed 4.917 pharmaceutical interventions (IF), which represents 32.78 medication errors per day and 0.95 errors per patient