ASPSCR1::TFE3 Drives Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma by Inducing Targetable Transcriptional Programs.

Alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) is a rare mesenchymal malignancy driven by the ASPSCR1::TFE3 fusion. A better understanding of the mechanisms by which this oncogenic transcriptional regulator drives cancer growth is needed to help identify potential therapeutic targets. In this study, we characterized the transcriptional and chromatin landscapes of ASPS tumors and preclinical models, identifying the essential role of ASPSCR1::TFE3 in tumor cell viability by regulating core transcriptional programs involved in cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and mitochondrial biology. ASPSCR1::TFE3 directly interacted with key epigenetic regulators at enhancers and promoters to support ASPS-associated transcription. Among the effector programs driven by ASPSCR1::TFE3, cell proliferation was driven by high levels of cyclin D1 expression. Disruption of cyclin D1/CDK4 signaling led to a loss of ASPS proliferative capacity, and combined inhibition of CDK4/6 and angiogenesis halted tumor growth in xenografts. These results define the ASPS oncogenic program, reveal mechanisms by which ASPSCR1::TFE3 controls tumor biology, and identify a strategy for therapeutically targeting tumor cell-intrinsic vulnerabilities. Significance: The ASPSCR1::TFE3 fusion propels the growth of alveolar soft part sarcoma  by activating transcriptional programs that regulate proliferation, angiogenesis, mitochondrial biogenesis, and differentiation and can be therapeutically targeted to improve treatment.

Novel vinylene-based covalent organic framework as a promising adsorbent for the rapid extraction of beta-agonists in meat samples.

Beta-agonists are potent bronchodilators approved for the treatment of asthma and tocolysis. However, they have been extensively misused as feed additives in the veterinary field to improve feed efficiency. The concern over their potential hazard to health has come to the fore again. In this study, a novel vinylene-based covalent organic framework (V-COF-1) with a two-dimensional structure was developed. The structure shows good tolerance in a variety of mediums, which can be attributed to the low polarity linkage. The high specific surface area and variable interaction with analytes accelerate the extraction time. Furthermore, the swelling resulting from the formation of hydrogen bonds by the protic solvent intercalation with the triazine group also improves the adsorption efficiency. Finally, due to its great reusability, it is economical material in sample preparation application. The V-COF-1 based µ-dSPE approach was coupled with UHPLC-MS/MS to develop a highly sensitive and selective method. The linearity of the method ranged from 0.05 to 20 ng g-1 with a correlation coefficient (R2) higher than 0.9958, and the limits of detection and quantification fell in the ranges of 0.01-0.10 ng g-1 and 0.04-0.32 ng g-1. The proposed method has been successfully applied to determine beta-agonists in meat samples, and the results indicated good recovery of 82.2-116%. The intra-day and inter-day precision were less than 6.61%, indicating the potential for sustainable application in food analysis.

Rapid microwave synthesis of MOF microrods: Dispersive SPE coupled with UHPLC-MS/MS to determine fluoroquinolones in honey.

A novel sorbent Cu-S metal-organic framework (MOF) microrods was prepared for dispersive solid-phase extraction via microwave synthesis and used to determine 12 fluoroquinolones (FQs) in honey samples employing ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). The best extraction efficiency was achieved by optimizing sample pH, sorbent quantity, eluent type/volume, and extraction and elution time. The proposed MOF exhibits advantages such as rapid synthesis time (20 min) and outstanding adsorption ability toward zwitterionic FQs. These advantages can be attributed to multiple interactions, including hydrogen bonding, π-π interaction, and hydrophobic interaction. The limits of detection of analytes were 0.005-0.045 ng g-1. Acceptable recoveries (79.3%-95.6%) were obtained under the optimal conditions. Precision (relative standard deviation, RSD) was <9.2%. These results demonstrate the utility of our sample preparation method and the high capacity of Cu-S MOF microrods for rapid and selective extraction of FQs from honey samples.

Adolescent-Caregiver Agreement Regarding the School Bullying and Cyberbullying Involvement Experiences of Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

School bullying and cyberbullying victimization and perpetration are prevalent in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (AASD). However, the levels of adolescent-caregiver agreement regarding the bullying involvement of AASD and the factors associated with these levels remain to be evaluated. In the present study, we evaluated the levels of adolescent-caregiver agreement on the school bullying and cyberbullying involvement experiences of AASD and the factors associated with the levels of agreement. This study included 219 dyads of AASD and their caregivers. The school bullying and cyberbullying involvement experiences of the participating AASD were assessed using the School Bullying Experience Questionnaire and the Cyberbullying Experiences Questionnaire, respectively. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), depressive and anxiety symptoms, and autistic social impairment were also assessed. AASD and their caregivers had poor to fair levels of agreement regarding the school bullying and cyberbullying victimization and perpetration experiences of AASD. Severe inattention, hyperactivity-impulsivity, ODD, depressive and anxiety symptoms, and autistic social impairment were associated with high levels of adolescent-caregiver agreement. When assessing the bullying involvement experiences of AASD, mental health professionals should obtain information from multiple sources. In addition, the factors influencing the levels of agreement should be considered.

Lower Risk of Burn Injury in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.

Little research has examined burn injury in the pediatric population with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We used data from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database to identify 15,844 participants aged <18 years with ASD and 130,860 participants without ASD. Our results revealed that the hazard ratios differed across three age ranges. The ASD group had a lower risk of burn injury than the non-ASD group when they were less than 6 years of age, a higher risk from 6 years to 12 years of age, and no difference when they were older than 12 years of age. More research is required to study the characteristics and causes of burn injury in the pediatric population with ASD.

Multiple types of harassment victimization in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder: Related factors and effects on mental health problems.

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: This study examined the prevalence and related factors of multiple (two or three) types of harassment victimization, including school bullying, cyberbullying, and teacher harassment, and their cumulative effects on depression, anxiety, self-esteem, and suicidality in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) but without intellectual disability. METHODS: A total of 219 adolescents with ASD but without intellectual disability and their parents participated in this study. Their experiences of school bullying, cyberbullying, and teacher harassment were evaluated. The related factors of multiple types of harassment victimization, including demographic characteristics, socio-communicative skills, comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms, were examined. Moreover, the effects of multiple types of harassment victimization on depression, anxiety, self-esteem, and suicidality were examined. RESULTS: In total, 20.54% of participants were victims of multiple types of harassment. Hyperactivity or impulsivity and ODD symptoms were positively associated with multiple types of harassment victimization. Adolescents with ASD who experienced multiple types of harassment victimization had higher severities of depression and anxiety and were more likely to have suicidality than nonvictims and those who experienced only one type of harassment victimization. CONCLUSION: Experiencing more than one type of harassment victimization was significantly associated with the development of mental health problems in adolescents with ASD. ODD and hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms predicted the risk of experiencing multiple types of harassment.

Validation of the Chinese Version of the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised in Autism Spectrum Disorder.

BACKGROUND: The Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) is an essential semi-structured diagnostic tool for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study aims to validate the Chinese version of the ADI-R in Taiwan. METHODS: The Chinese version of the ADI-R was translated and back-translated by professional translators and was approved by the original authors. A group of child psychiatrists and psychologists corrected medical terminology for the final version. Then, a total of 74 participants with ASD (male, 59, 79.73%) and 33 control participants without ASD (male, 16, 48.48%) were recruited. All participants were between 3 years 4 months to 41 years old (mean: 14.63 ± 7.93 years). Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to measure the factor structure. RESULTS: Cronbach's α showed good to excellent internal consistency (0.78-0.98) over the three core symptom domains of the Chinese version of the ADI-R. Pearson's correlation analysis revealed very high test-retest reliability (Pearson's correlation coefficients ranging from 0.95 to 0.99). EFA supported three categories of factors. For correct diagnosis of ASD, the Chinese version of the ADI-R had high sensitivity (97.30%), specificity (100%), positive predictive value (PPV) (100%), and negative predictive value (NPV) (94.29%). All domains also showed excellent area under the curves (0.991-1), sensitivity (94.59-98.65%), specificity (96.97-100%), Youden index (94.59-98.65%), PPV (97.78-100%), NPV (89.19-100%), positive likelihood ratio (32.55-33.00%) and negative likelihood ratio (0.00-0.05) after statistical examination. CONCLUSION: The Chinese version of the ADI-R is a reliable and valid diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of ASD in Clinical settings in Taiwan.

New Use for Old Drugs: The Protective Effect of Risperidone on Colorectal Cancer.

Background: The potential of old drugs in novel indications is being greatly valued. We propose a triple-model study involving population-based, cell, and animal studies to investigate the effects of risperidone, a type of second-generation antipsychotic (SGA) drug, on colorectal cancer. Methods: We used data from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database between 1997 and 2013 to compare 101,989 patients with colorectal cancer and 101,989 controls. Conditional logistic regression analyses were used to explore the association between SGA exposure and the risk of colorectal cancer. The following bench studies were performed to evaluate the findings of the population-based study. Results: We found that SGAs had been less commonly used in colorectal cancer patients than in controls. The colorectal cancer risk was reduced with an increase in the cumulative defined daily dose (cDDD) of SGAs. The adjusted odds ratio of antipsychotic use for cDDD days was 0.32 (95% CI: 0.25-0.42). Risperidone exhibited the most prominent tumor inhibition effect in a cell screen study. Bench data revealed that risperidone significantly induced apoptosis and elevated intracellular ROS in human SW480 cells and suppressed the proliferation of the xenografted SW480 tumor in nude mice. Conclusion: This triple-model study demonstrates the association between risperidone usage and a lower risk of colorectal cancer.

Improved cell composition deconvolution method of bulk gene expression profiles to quantify subsets of immune cells.

BACKGROUND: To facilitate the investigation of the pathogenic roles played by various immune cells in complex tissues such as tumors, a few computational methods for deconvoluting bulk gene expression profiles to predict cell composition have been created. However, available methods were usually developed along with a set of reference gene expression profiles consisting of imbalanced replicates across different cell types. Therefore, the objective of this study was to create a new deconvolution method equipped with a new set of reference gene expression profiles that incorporate more microarray replicates of the immune cells that have been frequently implicated in the poor prognosis of cancers, such as T helper cells, regulatory T cells and macrophage M1/M2 cells. METHODS: Our deconvolution method was developed by choosing ε-support vector regression (ε-SVR) as the core algorithm assigned with a loss function subject to the L1-norm penalty. To construct the reference gene expression signature matrix for regression, a subset of differentially expressed genes were chosen from 148 microarray-based gene expression profiles for 9 types of immune cells by using ANOVA and minimizing condition number. Agreement analyses including mean absolute percentage errors and Bland-Altman plots were carried out to compare the performances of our method and CIBERSORT. RESULTS: In silico cell mixtures, simulated bulk tissues, and real human samples with known immune-cell fractions were used as the test datasets for benchmarking. Our method outperformed CIBERSORT in the benchmarks using in silico breast tissue-immune cell mixtures in the proportions of 30:70 and 50:50, and in the benchmark using 164 human PBMC samples. Our results suggest that the performance of our method was at least comparable to that of a state-of-the-art tool, CIBERSORT. CONCLUSIONS: We developed a new cell composition deconvolution method and the implementation was entirely based on the publicly available R and Python packages. In addition, we compiled a new set of reference gene expression profiles, which might allow for a more robust prediction of the immune cell fractions from the expression profiles of cell mixtures. The source code of our method could be downloaded from https://github.com/holiday01/deconvolution-to-estimate-immune-cell-subsets.

Cyberbullying Victimization and Perpetration in Adolescents with High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder: Correlations with Depression, Anxiety, and Suicidality.

The present study examined the associations between cyberbullying involvement and sociodemographic characteristics, autistic social impairment and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms in 219 adolescents with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Moreover, the associations between cyberbullying involvement and depression, anxiety, and suicidality were also examined. Adolescents self-reported higher rates of being a victim or perpetrator of cyberbullying than were reported by their parents. Increased age and had more severe ODD symptoms were significantly associated with being victims or perpetrators of cyberbullying. Being a victim but not a perpetrator of cyberbullying was significantly associated with depression, anxiety, and suicidality. Cyberbullying victimization and perpetration should be routinely surveyed in adolescents with high-functioning ASD.

Antipsychotic use is inversely associated with gastric cancer risk: A nationwide population-based nested case-control study.

OBJECTIVE: The association between antipsychotic use and gastric cancer risk remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the association between antipsychotic exposure and the incidence of gastric cancer. METHODS: Using a nested case-control design, a total of 34 470 gastric cancer patients and 163 430 nongastric cancer controls were identified from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database between 1 January 1997 and 31 December 2013. We analyzed the data using a conditional logistic regression model to adjust for possible confounding variables. RESULTS: Antipsychotic use was independently inversely associated with gastric cancer risk after controlling for potential confounding factors including income, urbanization, medications, physical and medical illness, aspirin use, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and triple therapy. In addition, dose-dependent trends against gastric cancer risk were also shown with individual antipsychotic compounds including thioridazine, haloperidol, sulpiride, clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, amisulpride, and risperidone. A sensitivity analysis showed that second-generation antipsychotics had significant dose-dependent effects in reducing the risk of gastric cancer risk in patients with and without peptic ulcer disease. CONCLUSIONS: Antipsychotic use was inversely associated with gastric cancer risk, and dose-dependent effects against gastric cancer were also seen with several individual antipsychotic compounds.

Self-Reported and Parent-Reported School Bullying in Adolescents with High Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder: The Roles of Autistic Social Impairment, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity and Oppositional Defiant Disorder Symptoms.

The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of self-reported and parent-reported bullying victimization, perpetration, and victimization-perpetration and the associations of autistic social impairment and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms with bullying involvement in adolescents with high functioning autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A total of 219 adolescents with high functioning ASD participated in this study. The associations of sociodemographic characteristics, parent-reported autistic social impairment, and parent-reported ADHD and ODD symptoms with self-reported and parent-reported bullying victimization, perpetration, and victimization-perpetration were examined using logistic regression analysis. The results found that the agreement between self-reported and parent-reported bullying involvement was low. Compared with bullying involvement experiences reported by adolescents themselves, parents reported higher rates of pure bullying victimization (23.7% vs. 17.8%) and victimization-perpetration (28.8% vs. 9.1%) but a lower rate of pure bullying perpetration (5.9% vs. 9.1%). Deficit in socio-communication increases the risk of being pure victims and victim-perpetrators. Parent-reported victim-perpetrators had more severe ODD symptoms than did parent-reported pure victims.

What is the impact of metabolic syndrome and its components on reflux esophagitis? A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: The prevalence rate of reflux esophagitis (RE) in Asia, including Taiwan, has increased dramatically in recent years. However, few studies have discussed on its relationship with metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between RE and MetS and its components. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study during 2013 to 2014 in Taiwan. A total of 4895 subjects who completed upper gastrointestinal endoscopy at the Health Examination Center of Changhua Christian Hospital were enrolled. RE was defined according to the upper gastrointestinal endoscopic findings and MetS was defined according to the Taiwanese criteria. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were applied to calculate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for each variable to assess the associated features for RE. We analyzed the relationship between the number of MetS components and the severity of RE using the chi-square test for trend. RESULTS: The prevalence rates of MetS and RE were respectively 28.5 and 59.6%. According to univariate logistic regression analysis, MetS was significantly associated with RE and remained a positive association in multivariate logistic regression analysis (adjusted ORß = 1.251; 95% CI = 1.071-1.462; p = 0.005). Furthermore, among the five MetS components, elevated blood pressure (adjusted ORγ = 1.163; 95% CI = 1.023-1.323; p = 0.021), abdominal obesity (adjusted ORγ = 1.173; 95% CI = 1.020-1.349; p = 0.026) and hyperglycemia (adjusted ORγ = 1.306; 95% CI = 1.142-1.495; p < 0.001) were positively associated with the presence of RE. A weak association was also found between elevated triglycerides and RE after adjusting for age and gender (adjusted ORα = 1.171; 95% CI = 1.022-1.343; p = 0.023). Reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol showed no significant difference between groups with and without RE. Older age (≥65 years), male gender, higher body mass index, higher uric acid, smoking, alcohol drinking, and hiatal hernia were found to be significant associated factors for RE. In addition, a dose-response relation between the number of MetS components and the presence of RE was demonstrated in the multivariate analysis. Furthermore, we performed a trend analysis and found the severity of RE got worse as the number of MetS components increased (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that MetS is significantly related to the presence and the severity of RE.

Sequential Photodynamic Therapy with Phthalocyanine Encapsulated Chitosan-Tripolyphosphate Nanoparticles and Flucytosine Treatment against Candida tropicalis.

Antibiotic resistance has become a crisis. Candida tropicalis (C. tropicalis) is one of the most highly virulent and drug-resistant pathogens. An alternative antimicrobial therapy to eradicate C. tropicalis effectively, without the risk of developing drug-resistance, is needed. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an alternative therapy that does not carry the risk of undesired drug resistance. To target the pathogens and to enhance the cellular penetration of the applied photosensitizer, we fabricated cationic chitosan/tripolyphosphate nanoparticles to encapsulate phthalocyanine. Our strategy promotes the uptake of phthalocyanine four-fold. This enhanced PDT can effectively inhibit planktonic C. tropicalis, such that only ~20% of C. tropicalis in the test survived; but it has a limited ability to inhibit adherent C. tropicalis. Further tests with adherent C. tropicalis indicated that sequential treatment with PDT and flucytosine significantly eliminates pseudohyphae and yeast-like C. tropicalis cells. The cell viability is only ~10% after this sequential treatment. This study provides evidence of an effective therapy against drug resistant C. tropicalis, and this strategy can be potentially applied to other pathogens.

Effects of Taiwanofungus camphoratus on non-specific and specific immune activities in mice.

Taiwanofungus camphoratus is a precious medicinal fungus endemic to Taiwan and has been used as traditional medicine for a long time. Many pharmacological studies have revealed that T. camphoratus possessed various biological activities, such as immunomodulatory effects, anticancer activity and liver protective function. The aim of this study is to investigate the non-specific and antigen (ovalbumin [OVA])-specific immunomodulation effects of solid-state cultivated powder of T. camphoratus (Leader Antrodia cinnamomea [LAC]) in BABL/c male mice. In non-specific and antigen-specific immune function studies, 8-week-old mice were orally administered with LAC for 6 and 8 weeks, respectively. The results have shown that the proliferation of splenic immune cells, phagocytic activity of macrophages and cytolytic activity of natural killer cells were enhanced by LAC. Additionally, LAC increased the levels of IL-2, TNF-α, INF-γ, GM-CSF and serum OVA-IgG and OVA-IgM. These findings provided evidences that LAC had the immunomodulation effects on both antigen-specific and non-specific immune responses in mice.

Antidepressant medication use and nasopharyngeal cancer risk: a nationwide population-based study.

BACKGROUND: The association between antidepressant exposure and nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) has not been previously explored. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between antidepressant prescription, including novel antidepressants, and the risk of NPC in a population-based study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data for the analysis were derived from National Health Insurance Research Database. We identified 16,957 cases with a diagnosis of NPC and 83,231 matched controls by using a nested case-control design. A conditional logistic regression model was used, with adjustments for potentially confounding variables (eg, comorbid physical diseases, comorbid psychiatric diseases, and other medications). RESULTS: We report no association between NPC incidence and antidepressant prescription. For all classes of antidepressants, antidepressant exposure, regardless of cumulative dose, had no significant effect on NPC incidence (adjusted odds ratio of cumulative selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor exposure ≥336 defined daily dose was 1.18 [95% CI: 0.90-1.53]; tricyclic antidepressant exposure ≥336 defined daily dose was 1.18 [95% CI: 0.80-1.74]). CONCLUSION: There was no association between antidepressant prescription and incident NPC.

An in Vitro Study on the Effect of Combined Treatment with Photodynamic and Chemical Therapies on Candida albicans.

Candida albicans is the most commonly encountered human fungal pathogen, and it is traditionally treated with antimicrobial chemical agents. The antimicrobial effect of these agents is largely weakened by drug resistance and biofilm-associated virulence. Enhancement of the antimicrobial activity of existing agents is needed for effective candidiasis treatment. Our aim was to develop a therapy that combined biofilm disruption with existing antimicrobial agents. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) utilizing curcumin and blue light was tested as an independent therapy and in combination with fluconazole treatment. Viability assays and morphology analysis were used to assess the effectiveness of C. albicans treatment. Results showed that fluconazole treatment decreased the viability of planktonic C. albicans, but the decrease was not as pronounced in adherent C. albicans because its biofilm form was markedly more resistant to the antimicrobiotic. PDT effectively eradicated C. albicans biofilms, and when combined with fluconazole, PDT significantly inhibited C. albicans to a greater extent. This study suggests that the addition of PDT to fluconazole to treat C. albicans infection enhances its effectiveness and can potentially be used clinically.

Hepatocellular carcinoma and antidepressants: a nationwide population-based study.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is highly prevalent in Asia. Antidepressants have been associated with increase in hepatocellular carcinoma. This is the first Asian population-based study to evaluate the association between antidepressant use and risk of HCC. Based on Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database, we conducted a nationwide population-based study. A total of 49,998 cases with HCC were identified and paired with 244,236 randomly selected controls. The data was analyzed via the conditional logistic regression model adjusting for several confounding factors. Use of tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) was associated with lower risk for HCC. No apparent association was found between use of other classes of antidepressants and HCC, including monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), trazodone, mirtazapine and bupropion. The findings of a protective effect of TCAs and SSRIs for HCC should be interpreted with caution and warrants further research.

Screening for attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, and developmental delay in Taiwanese aboriginal preschool children.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to estimate the percentages of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Taiwanese aboriginal preschool children. Child development level was compared between the two groups. METHODS: Teachers completed screening questionnaires for ADHD, ASD, and development level for 36- to 72-month-old children in kindergartens in Taiwan. The questionnaire results were compared between the aboriginal and nonaboriginal children. One child psychiatrist then interviewed the aboriginal preschool children to determine if they had ADHD and/or ASD. RESULTS: We collected 93 questionnaires from the aboriginal group and 60 from the nonaboriginal group. In the aboriginal group, 5.37% of the children were identified to have ADHD, while 1.08% were identified to have ASD. Significantly fewer aboriginal children had developmental delays for situation comprehension and personal-social development (P=0.012 and 0.002, respectively) than nonaboriginal children. CONCLUSION: Aboriginal children in Taiwan had typical percentages of ADHD and ASD compared to those published in the literature. Aboriginal children showed relative strengths in situation comprehension and personal-social skills. Further studies are required to understand the learning styles of the aboriginal children and to develop effective screening and intervention strategies for ADHD and ASD.

Endometrial cancer and antidepressants: A nationwide population-based study.

To our knowledge, the association between antidepressant exposure and endometrial cancer has not been previously explored. Herein, we aim to investigate the association between antidepressant prescription, including novel antidepressants, and the risk for endometrial cancer in a population-based study.Data for the analysis were derived from National Health Insurance Research Database. We identified 8392 cases with a diagnosis of endometrial cancer and 82,432 matched controls. A conditional logistic regression model was used, with adjusting for potentially confounding variables (e.g., comorbid psychiatric diseases, comorbid physical diseases, and other medications). Risk for endometrial cancer in the population-based study sample was categorized by, and assessed as a function of, antidepressant prescription and cumulative dosage.We report no association between endometrial cancer incidence and antidepressant prescription, including those prescribed either selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 0.98; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.84-1.15) or serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (adjusted OR = 1.14; 95% CI, 0.76-1.71). We also did not identify an association between higher cumulative doses of antidepressant prescription and endometrial cancer.There was no association between antidepressant prescription and endometrial cancer.