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We reviewed the concept of race and its development, analyzed the chaotic application of "race" , "ethnicity" and "ethnic group" at present, put forward the importance of distinguishing these concepts and put forward specific suggestions for distinguishing them. It was also pointed out that although the boundaries of race were blurred, the differences between races were narrowing, and the concept of race was fading, the concept of race can not be abolished. In practice, these concepts were used correctly according to context. At present, the concept of race was questioned, but whether the concept of race had a biological basis or not, it cannot be used as the reasons for racism.
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Objective To understand the prevalence of sarcopenia,sarcopenic obesity and osteoporosis, and to analyze the influence of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity on osteoporosis. Methods After all the people signed the informed research agreement, the experimental subjects were selected from Han people over 20 years old in Liaoning region, and a total of 1266 cases were included. The distribution of muscle mass, fat mass and bone mineral density in different parts of adults were measured by bioelectrical impedance analyzer (BIA) and bone densitometer, and the correlation between sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity and osteoporosis in adults was studied. Results With the increase of age, the muscle mass of limbs, trunk, total muscle mass and body weight of the Han adults in Liaoning showed a trend of increasing at first and then decreasing. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity between men and women, but there was a significant difference in the prevalence of osteoporosis between men and women. The prevalence of all three groups reached the peak in the age group above 60, and the difference was statistically significant.The risk factor for osteoporosis was sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity. Conclusion Among adults of Han nationality in Liaoning, the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity,sarcopenia and osteoporosis is significantly different in age. Bone condition is affected by fat mass and muscle mass.
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Objective To study the physical characteristics of body of Xibe adults in Liaoning province and to accumulate data for the studyof physical anthropology. Methods The investigation method and judging standard were refered to correlative regulations in " Anthropometric Method ". The survey included 33 measurement items, 5 indicators and 6 types, 330 Xibe adult people (male 174, female 156) were recruited. Results According to the classification of body part index, the rates of long trunk, wide chest, wide shoulder and wide pelvis were the highest in all the adults of Xibe nationality in Liaoning province, the rates of middle and sub-long legs were the highest in the males, and the rates of super short legs were the highest in the females. According to the stature type, the rates of high type were the highest in males and females. Conclusion The body physical characteristics of male adults of Xibe nationality in Liaoning are the most similar to those of male adults of Xibe nationality in Xinjiang, and the body physical characteristics of female adults of Xibe nationality in Liaoning were between those of female adults of ethnic minorities in Northwest China and Northeast China.
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Objective To explore the characteristics and differences of the distribution of skeletal muscle content between the Han adult population in Tibet and Liaoning Han adult population. Methods Randomly selected healthy adults of Han worked in Tibet and Liaoning Han nationality as the research object, a total of 223 Han adults worked in Tibet ( 95 males, 128 females); 302 adults of Han nationality in Liaoning (126 males, 176 females) were selected by body composition analyzer. The body weight, total muscle mass, trunk muscle mass, left upper limb muscle mass, right upper limb muscle mass, left lower limb muscle mass, and right lower limb muscle mass of the subject were measured. All the result were input into SPSS 22. 0 statistical analysis, and related statistical processing such as independent sample t test was applied. Results The body weight, trunk muscle mass, left upper limb muscle mass, right upper limb muscle mass, left lower limb muscle mass, and lower right muscle mass of the Tibetan Han population were lower than those of the Han adults in Liaoning, and the comparison result was significantly different (P<0.01 or P<0.05), the Han adults in Liaoning and the Tibetan Han population, male muscle mass was greater than the female adults (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Conclusion After the Han people in Liaoning entered the Tibetan Plateau, the muscle mass of each part of the body decrease significantly. The change of human body composition can be affected by various factors such as gender and high altitude hypoxia environment.
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By reviewing the literatures, we retrospectively summarized the human bone mineral variations in ethnicity/race, geography, sex and age and the like, and investigated and summed up the causes of variations in genetics, living styles, bone structure, metabolism etc. It is worth to provide reference for colleagues to study bone health.
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of vascular endothelial growth factor 165 (VEGF165) and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) in promoting the survival of fat grafts, and to provide new methods and theoretical evidence for increasing the survival rate of autologous fat particle grafts. METHODS: The VEGF165 gene was recombined with the target fragment, and the recombinant gene was introduced into adenovirus pAdEasy-1 system; the virus was then packaged and the titer was detected. The control group received the same processing. ASCs were cultured and subcultured, and then identified with immunohistochemistry and adipogenic differentiation assay. The subsequent experiments were performed in three groups: the VEGF165 gene-virus group, blank virus group, and control group. After the viral solution was transfected into the ASCs, the viral transfection efficiency was detected using a tracing factor, EGFP. The expression of VEGF165 mRNA and protein in the transfected cells were determined. The proliferation of ASCs in each group was detected with the MTT assay. RESULTS: (1) Recombinant adenoviral vector was constructed successfully in the two groups and the packaging was identified. The viral titer was 2.0 × 10(8) pfu/ml and 1.9 × 10(8) pfu/ml, which was in line with the requirements of the subsequent transfection experiments. (2) Immunohistochemistry and adipogenic differentiation results showed that the culture of ASCs was successful, and the cultured cells could serve as seed cells in this experiment. (3) The RT-PCR analysis showed that the relative optical density of VEGF165 mRNA expression was 0.76 ± 0.05 in the experimental group, and there were statistically significant differences compared with the values obtained for the other two groups (P < 0.05). (4) The western blot analysis showed that the relative optical density of VEGF165 protein expression in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the other two groups (P < 0.05). (5) The proliferation of ASCs was significantly enhanced after transfection in the experimental group, relative to the other two groups (P < 0.05). This evidence indicated that VEGF165 significantly promoted the proliferation of ASCs. CONCLUSION: After transfection with the VEGF165-adenoviral vector, ASCs demonstrate sustained expression of the target protein and obviously promote the proliferation of ASCs, which lay the foundation for the in vitro experiments on transplantation of VEGF165 combined with ASCs, for the treatment of tissue defects.