RESUMEN
Keshan disease (KD) is a type of endemic cardiomyopathy with an unknown cause. It is primarily found in areas in China with low selenium levels, from northeast to southwest. The nutritional biogeochemical etiology hypothesis suggests that selenium deficiency is a major factor in KD development. Selenium is important in removing free radicals and protecting cells and tissues from peroxide-induced damage. Thus, low environmental selenium may affect the selenium level within the human body, and selenium level differences are commonly observed between healthy people in KD and nonKD areas. From the 1970s to the 1990s, China successfully reduced KD incidence in endemic KD areas through a selenium supplementation program. After years of implementing prevention and control measures, the selenium level of the population in the KD areas has gradually increased, and the prevalence of KD in China has remained low and stable in recent years. Currently, the pathogenesis of KD remains vague, and the effect of selenium supplementation on the prognosis of KD still needs further study. This paper comprehensively reviews selenium deficiency and its connection to KD. Thus, this study aims to offer novel ideas and directions to effectively prevent and treat KD in light of the current situation.
Asunto(s)
Cardiomiopatías , Infecciones por Enterovirus , Desnutrición , Selenio , Humanos , Selenio/análisis , Cardiomiopatías/epidemiología , Cardiomiopatías/etiología , Cardiomiopatías/prevención & control , Infecciones por Enterovirus/complicaciones , Infecciones por Enterovirus/epidemiología , Infecciones por Enterovirus/prevención & control , China/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
The Gal4-UAS enhancer trap system is useful for driving gene expression in various tissues. A new tool that extends Gal4 technology is described here. A fusion protein containing the Gal4 binding domain and the repression domain of the isolator suppressor of hairy wing was placed under the control of a heat shock-inducible promoter. The construct mediates the conditional repression of genes located downstream of a UAS sequence. The repressive effects of the chimeric protein on fasII gene expression were tested by western-blot analysis and in brain sections of adult Drosophila. Owing to the increasing number of Gal4 and UAS transgenic lines, this versatile system will facilitate the study of gene function.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas de Unión al ADN/genética , Drosophila/genética , Silenciador del Gen , Proteínas Nucleares/genética , Secuencias Reguladoras de Ácidos Nucleicos , Proteínas Represoras/genética , Proteínas de Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genética , Factores de Transcripción/genética , Animales , Proteínas de Unión al ADN/química , Drosophila/metabolismo , Proteínas de Drosophila , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Calor , Mutagénesis Insercional , Proteínas Nucleares/química , Estructura Terciaria de Proteína , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusión/biosíntesis , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusión/genética , Proteínas Represoras/química , Proteínas Represoras/metabolismo , Proteínas de Saccharomyces cerevisiae/química , Proteínas de Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolismo , Factores de Transcripción/química , Factores de Transcripción/metabolismoRESUMEN
The asymmetrical positioning of neural structures on the left or right side of the brain in vertebrates and in invertebrates may be correlated with brain laterality, which is associated with cognitive skills. But until now this has not been illustrated experimentally. Here we describe an asymmetrically positioned brain structure in the fruitfly Drosophila and find that the small proportion of wild-type flies that have symmetrical brains with two such structures lack a normal long-term memory, although their short-term memory is intact. Our results indicate that brain asymmetry may be required for generating or retrieving long-term memory.
