A chimeric adenovirus-vectored vaccine based on Beta spike and Delta RBD confers a broad-spectrum neutralization against Omicron-included SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Urgent research into innovative severe acute respiratory coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines that may successfully prevent various emerging emerged variants, particularly the Omicron variant and its subvariants, is necessary. Here, we designed a chimeric adenovirus-vectored vaccine named Ad5-Beta/Delta. This vaccine was created by incorporating the receptor-binding domain from the Delta variant, which has the L452R and T478K mutations, into the complete spike protein of the Beta variant. Both intramuscular (IM) and intranasal (IN) vaccination with Ad5-Beta/Deta vaccine induced robust broad-spectrum neutralization against Omicron BA.5-included variants. IN immunization with Ad5-Beta/Delta vaccine exhibited superior mucosal immunity, manifested by higher secretory IgA antibodies and more tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) in respiratory tract. The combination of IM and IN delivery of the Ad5-Beta/Delta vaccine was capable of synergically eliciting stronger systemic and mucosal immune responses. Furthermore, the Ad5-Beta/Delta vaccination demonstrated more effective boosting implications after two dosages of mRNA or subunit recombinant protein vaccine, indicating its capacity for utilization as a booster shot in the heterologous vaccination. These outcomes quantified Ad5-Beta/Delta vaccine as a favorable vaccine can provide protective immunity versus SARS-CoV-2 pre-Omicron variants of concern and BA.5-included Omicron subvariants.

Kinetic changes of nutrients and antioxidant capacities of germinated soybean (Glycine max L.) and mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) with germination time.

The objectives of this research were to systematically assess the functional values of germinated soybean and mung bean, and to determine the optimal germination time for yielding functional substances. Changes in phenolics, ascorbic acid, isoflavone, as well as antioxidant capacities of soybean and mung bean during germination were investigated. Results showed that germination had positive enhancement effects on bioactive compounds in beans. Both compositions and contents of isoflavones in soybean were influenced by germination, three-day germination was optimal time for production of germinated soybean with the highest total isoflavone content (4.68mg/g dry product), the contents of genistein, daidzein, total aglycone in germinated soybean were increased 3, 2.4, and 2.5 folds, respectively, as compared to non-germinated soybean. Current results indicate that germinated beans are better raw materials than non-germinated beans for gaining health beneficial substances.