[Analysis of Single Particle Aging and Mixing State at an Agriculture Site (Quzhou) in the North China Plain in Summer Using a Single Particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometer].

To characterize the size distribution and chemical ompsitins f abiet prtices t a agicuturesit intheNorh o Chinese Plain, a single particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SPAMS) was deployed from June 30 to July 8, 2013. A total of 230,152 particles in the size range of 0.2-2.0 pm were chemically analyzed with both positive and negative ion spectra. The results revealed that aerosol could he classified into eight dominant groups, including elemental carbon (EC, 55.5%), organic carbon (OC, 10.7%), alkalis (Na-K, 17.4%), other metals (1.7%), Fe-rich (6.3%), Pb-rich (3.1%), dust (4.8%), and other (0.8%). The observed eight types of particles contained secondary components such as 46NO2-, 62NO3-, 96SO3-, 96SO4-, 97HSO4-, showing that they probably went through different aging processes. The analysis of particle size distribution showed that 700-800 nm was the peak value of all particles, and that dust and Fe particles were mainly in the coarse size range. EC particles subtype group research revealed EC particles tended to be aging with the above mentioned secondary ions and eventually led to a particle type conversion from EC to the less aging ECN and the more serious aging ECS, the diurnal variation of which was obviously negatively correlated, and there was a possibility of forming OC/EC mixture with the adsorption of secondary organic matter on EC surface.

Design, synthesis, and biological activity of oxime ether strobilurin derivatives containing indole moiety as novel fungicide.

Twenty-one novel oxime ether strobilurins containing indole moiety, which employed an indole group to stabilize the E-styryl group in Enoxastrobin, were designed and synthesized. The biological assay indicated that most compounds exhibited potent fungicidal activities. The structure-activity relationship study demonstrated that the synthesized methyl 3-methoxypropenoate oxime ethers 7b-e exhibited remarkably high activities among all the synthesized oxime ether compounds 7. Moreover, the fungicidal activities of methyl α-(methoxyimino)benzeneacetate oxime ethers compounds 7f-i and N-methoxy-carbamic acid methyl esters compounds 7j-m showed significant differences compared to the corresponding products of ammonolysis.

Synthesis and fungicidal activities of novel benzothiophene-substituted oxime ether strobilurins.

Twenty-one novel benzothiophene-substituted oxime ether strobilurins, which employed a benzothiophene group to stabilise the E-styryl group in Enoxastrobin (an unsaturated oxime strobilurin fungicide developed by Shenyang Research Institute of Chemical Industry, China) were designed and synthesised. The biological assay indicated that most compounds exhibited good or excellent fungicidal activities, especially against Colletotrichum lagenarium and Puccinia sorghi Schw. In addition, methyl 3-methoxypropenoate oxime ethers and N-methoxy-carbamic acid methyl esters exhibited good in vivo fungicidal activities against Erysiphe graminis, Colletotrichum lagenarium and Puccinia sorghi Schw. under the tested concentrations. Notably, (E,E)-methyl 3-methoxy-2-(2-((((6-chloro-1-(1H-benzo[b]thien-2-yl)ethylidene)amino)oxy)methyl)phenyl)propenoate (5E) exhibited more potent in vivo fungicidal activities against nearly all of the tested fungi at a concentration of 0.39 mg/L compared to Enoxastrobin.