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Objective:To investigate the diagnostic value of X-ray mammography, ultrasound and MRI in breast cancer with silicone implants.Methods:The clinical and imaging data of 20 patients with breast cancer in women with silicone implants in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from March 2014 to October 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. The mammography, ultrasound and MRI findings were analyzed, and the differences in detection rate, diagnostic accuracy and omission diagnostic rate of breast cancer in women with implants were compared among the three imaging methods.Results:Compared with mammography, both ultrasound and MRI were able to display the prosthesis and breast lesions completely. There were significant differences in detection rate, diagnostic accuracy and omission diagnostic rate among mammography, ultrasound and MRI. And the detection rate and diagnostic accuracy of MRI in breast cancer in women with implants were higher than those of mammography, and the omission diagnostic rate was lower.Conclusions:Ultrasound and MRI are superior to mammography in evaluating breast cancer after silicone prosthesis implantation, and MRI has more advantages in guiding clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Objective:To investigate the diagnostic value of three-dimensional amide proton transfer-weighted imaging (APTWI) and its combination with diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) for differentiating breast benign from malignant lesions.Methods:This was a prospective study. From July to December 2020, 226 patients with breast lesions confirmed by surgery or puncture pathology in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were collected. All patients underwent MR T 1-weighted imaging, T 2-weighted imaging, DWI, APTWI, and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value and the magnetization transfer ratio asymmetry at an offset of 3.5 ppm [MTRasym(3.5 ppm)] were obtained from DWI and APTWI respectively. Mann-Whitney U test was used for the comparison of DWI and APTWI parameters between breast benign and malignant lesions. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the differences of diagnostic efficacy between DWI, APTWI, and their combination. Results:There were 226 patients with 226 breast lesions, including 124 malignant and 102 benign lesions. The ADC values of patients with malignant breast lesions [1.03 (0.93, 1.13)×10 -3 mm 2/s] and MTRasym (3.5 ppm) [1.95% (1.10%, 2.88%)] were lower than those of benign breast lesions [1.38 (1.11, 1.55)×10 -3 mm 2/s, 3.30% (2.20%, 4.20%), respectively], and the differences were statistically significant ( Z=-8.19, -6.51, P<0.05). The area under the ROC curves (AUC) of DWI, APTWI, and its combination in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions were 0.817, 0.752, and 0.868, respectively. The AUC of the combination of DWI and APTWI was higher than that of DWI and APTWI ( Z=4.00, 2.93, P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in the AUC between DWI and APTWI diagnoses ( Z=1.58, P>0.05). Taking 1.25×10 -3 mm 2/s as the optimal cut-off value for ADC values, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in differentiating benign from malignant breast lesions were 94.4% (117/124), 62.7% (64/102), and 80.1% (181/226), respectively; Taking 2.70% as the optimal cut-off value for MTRasym (3.5 ppm), the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in differentiating benign from malignant breast lesions were 73.4% (91/124), 64.7% (66/102), and 69.5% (157/226), respectively, and the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of DWI combined with APTWI in differentiating benign from malignant breast lesions were 82.3% (102/124), 79.4% (81/102), and 81.0% (183/226), respectively. Conclusion:APTWI can be used for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions, and the combination of APTWI and DWI can obtain the better diagnostic performance than the single method.
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Objective:To explore the differences of static and dynamic spontaneous brain activity between male smoking addicts and healthy controls, and analyze the mechanism of smoking addiction.Methods:Based on static amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (sALFF) and dynamic amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (dALFF), the differences of static and dynamic spontaneous brain activity were compared between male smoking addicts ( n=63) and healthy controls ( n=30) by independent sample t-test. Pearson correlation analysis was used to investigate the relationships between the altered dALFF values and score of Fagerstr?m test for nicotine dependence(FTND) and pack-years of smoking addicted males. Results:Compared with healthy controls, the values of sALFF in the left superior/middle/inferior orbitofrontal gyrus ( t=5.17, clusters≥108) were increased and the variation of dALFF in the right superior temporal/middle gyrus, left orbitofrontal region, left orbital superior/middle/inferior frontal gyrus, right orbitofrontal gyrus/middle/inferior frontal gyrus and right putamen ( t=4.90, 4.37, 4.91, 4.62, 4.59, clusters≥96) were also increased in the smoking addicted group. It was noteworthy that the dALFF values of the right superior temporal/middle gyrus( r=0.252, P=0.047), left orbital region superior frontal gyrus( r=0.281, P=0.026) and right putamen( r=0.313, P=0.012) were positively correlated with pack-years of male smoking addicts. Conclusion:Male smoking addicts may have abnormal static and dynamics spontaneous neural activity in prefrontal cortex (including orbital frontal lobe), putamen and superior temporal/middle gyrus, which are correlated with pack-years.
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Smoking is closely related to respiratory diseases, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and is one of the biggest public health problems in society today. It is imperative to control smoking in a large scale. The primary task is to understand the internal mechanism of smoking, so as to guide and intervene smoking cessation. In recent years, studies have revealed changes of brain function and structure caused by nicotine. These findings greatly enriched that researches on the mechanism of tobacco addiction are the keys to the formation of tobacco addiction. The progresses of brain structure, function, network and degree centrality of long-term smokers were reviewed in this article.
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Objective: To assess the value of T2WI maximum tumor level histogram in differentiating pleomorphic adenoma from malignant tumors of parotid gland. Methods: MRI of 64 patients with parotid tumors, including 41 cases of pleomorphic adenomas and 23 cases of malignant tumors confirmed by pathology were analyzed retrospectively. Mazda software was used to select ROIs in the maximum tumor level image on axial T2WI. Gray histogram analysis was carried out to obtain 9 characteristic parameters, including mean, variance, kurtosis, skewness, first percentile (perc 1%), tenth percentile (perc 10%), fiftieth percentile (perc 50%), ninetieth percentile (perc 90%) and ninety-ninth percentile (perc 99%). Statistical analysis was performed to compare the characteristic parameters of histogram between pleomorphic adenoma and malignant tumors. ROC curve was drawn to evaluate the effectiveness of the characteristic parameters of histogram in tumors differentiating. Results: Among 9 characteristic parameters of histogram, perc 1% and perc 10% had statistical differences between pleomorphic adenoma and malignant tumors (both P<0.05). Both of perc 1% and perc 10% of pleomorphic adenoma were significantly higher than those of malignant tumors. ROC curve analysis showed that perc 10% was the most effective parameter for differential diagnosis. The AUC was 0.70 (P=0.01), and the optimal critical value was 76.00. The sensitivity and specificity was 66.70% and 60.00%, respectively. Besides, the AUC, optimal critical value, sensitivity and specificity of perc 1% was 0.67 (P=0.04), 46.50, 63.90% and 60.00%, respectively. Conclusion: T2WI maximum tumor level histogram can be used as an important method to differentiate pleomorphic adenoma from malignant tumors of parotid gland before operation, which can provide valuable references for clinic.
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Objective To investigate the involvement of VEGFR-3 signaling pathway in lymphatic metastasis of thyroid cancer. Methods The expression of VEGFR-3 mRNA in thyroid carcinoma and normal thyroid tissue was detected by RT-PCR. The expression of VEGFR-3 mRNA and the lymphatic vessel density (LVD) in thyroid carcinoma and normal thyroid tissue was measured by immunohistochemical staining. Results All thyroid cancer samples expressed VEGFR-3 and the expression rate of VEGFR-3 in thyroid carcinoma was significantly higher than that in the normal thyroid group ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). LVD in thyroid cancer was significantly higher than that in normal control. LVD with lymph nodes metastasis ( N + ) was significantly higher than that without lymph node metastasis (NO) (P ＜ 0. 05). Conclusions There is upregulatin of VEGFR-3 expression in thyroid carcinoma. The higher the expression of VEGFR-3, the severer of lymph node metastasis. VEGFR-3 receptor-mediated signal transduction pathway might be an important factor of thyroid cancer lymph node metastasis.
