RESUMEN
Comparative study covered influence of toluene on behavioral parameters, cognitive abilities and brain bioelectric activity in white rats with normal embryonic development or with prenatal hypoxia. Prenatal hypoxia was simulated by subcutaneous injection of 50 mg/kg sodium nitrite into female white rats on day 13-14 of gestation. The offspring at the age of 2, 5-3 months was exposed to toluene (concentration of 560 mg/m3, 4 hours per day, 5 days per week, over 4 weeks). After the exposure, the animals were estimated for individual and intraspecific behaviour in "open fields and "resident-intruder" tests, for cognitive abilities in "radial maze" training, EEG with visual and auditory evoked potentials. Acute hypoxia at early stages of organogenesis appeared to be burdening factor and to influence consequences of toluene intoxication.
Asunto(s)
Encéfalo/fisiopatología , Trastornos del Conocimiento/fisiopatología , Hipoxia Fetal/complicaciones , Síndromes de Neurotoxicidad/fisiopatología , Efectos Tardíos de la Exposición Prenatal/fisiopatología , Tolueno/toxicidad , Animales , Conducta Animal/efectos de los fármacos , Conducta Animal/fisiología , Encéfalo/efectos de los fármacos , Trastornos del Conocimiento/inducido químicamente , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Electroencefalografía , Femenino , Hipoxia Fetal/inducido químicamente , Masculino , Embarazo , Efectos Tardíos de la Exposición Prenatal/inducido químicamente , Ratas , Tolueno/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
The authors presented results of experimental studies assessing influence of vibration on white rats. Dynamics of morphologic changes development in brain of experimental animals exposed to vibration were shown. Exposure to vibration in white rats daily during 4 hours over 15 days causes astrogliosis--compensation process in response to brain injury; over 1 month--causes morphologic brain changes (vacuoles formation in neuropile, decrease in astroglia cells number); over 2 months--causes lower plasticity of brain neurons, preserved astrogliosis; over 4 months--causes perivascular edema. Changes in brain bioelectric activity indicate stages of pathologic process in central nervous system. Increase in vibration exposure duration leads to more severe diffuse pathologic changes in brain and local cortical and diencephalic disorders. Exposure to vibration in white rats causes increase in general mobility, nonspecific activation of behaviour, intense emotional exertion, negative emotional state, but less severe effects of vibration were seen in orientative-trying reactions that are inborn, inherited forms of behaviour.
Asunto(s)
Encéfalo , Vibración/efectos adversos , Animales , Encéfalo/citología , Encéfalo/patología , Encéfalo/fisiopatología , Electroencefalografía , Masculino , Ratas , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
The article covers results of long-standing research on clinical peculiarities and course of toxic encephalopathy in distant period of occupational neurointoxications, on main concepts and pathogenetic steps of formation and progress of toxic encephalopathy. Through investigation covered firemen after exposure to complex of toxic chemicals and patients in post-contact period of chronic mercury intoxication. Modelling of chronic inhalation of metallic mercury vapors was performed.
Asunto(s)
Contaminantes Ocupacionales del Aire/efectos adversos , Síndromes de Neurotoxicidad/etiología , Neurotoxinas/efectos adversos , Enfermedades Profesionales/inducido químicamente , Exposición Profesional/efectos adversos , Humo/efectos adversos , Animales , Cognición/efectos de los fármacos , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Electroencefalografía , Incendios , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Mercurio/toxicidad , Intoxicación del Sistema Nervioso por Mercurio/etiología , Intoxicación del Sistema Nervioso por Mercurio/fisiopatología , Síndromes de Neurotoxicidad/fisiopatología , Enfermedades Profesionales/fisiopatología , RatasRESUMEN
The article deals with influence of longstanding inhalation of mercurial vapors on behavior of white rats, on morphologic and functional disorders in nervous system, on peculiarities of neuromediators metabolism in brain homogenate over the post-contact period.
Asunto(s)
Conducta Animal/efectos de los fármacos , Intoxicación por Mercurio , Mercurio/toxicidad , Proteínas del Tejido Nervioso/metabolismo , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso , Sistema Nervioso/efectos de los fármacos , Fosfopiruvato Hidratasa/metabolismo , Animales , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Encéfalo/patología , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Estudios de Seguimiento , Inmunohistoquímica , Masculino , Intoxicación por Mercurio/metabolismo , Intoxicación por Mercurio/patología , Intoxicación por Mercurio/psicología , Sistema Nervioso/metabolismo , Sistema Nervioso/patología , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso/inducido químicamente , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso/metabolismo , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso/patología , Ratas , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
The article covers problem of experimental biologic modelling of toxic encephalopathies. The authors represent major methodic approaches to modelling, criteria and methods to evaluate pathologic condition of CNS, present results of own research in creating models of toxic encephalopathies caused by metallic mercury and vinylchloride inhalation.
Asunto(s)
Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Sustancias Peligrosas/efectos adversos , Síndromes de Neurotoxicidad/fisiopatología , Administración por Inhalación , Animales , Conducta Animal , Cromatografía de Gases , Plomo/administración & dosificación , Plomo/efectos adversos , Fenilhidrazinas/administración & dosificación , Fenilhidrazinas/efectos adversos , RatasRESUMEN
Prolonged inhalation of metallic mercury vapors by white rats appeared to result in toxic encephalopathy manifesting in disorders of orientative and investigatory, emotional behavior - increased anxiety, aggressiveness, negative e motionalism, higher locomotion activity. Throughout the experiment the animals had increased aggressiveness and muscular tone.